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高考真题
1．(2011·全国Ⅰ)Planning so far ahead ________ no sense—so many things will have changed by next year.
A. made
B. is making
C. makes
D. has made
[解析]句意：这么早做计划没有什么意义——到明年很多事情就会变了。一般现在时指经常发生的事或存在的状态，由译文可知本句表达目前的状况，符合一般现在时的概念，故答案为C项。
[答案]C
2．(2011·全国Ⅰ)I wasn't sure if he was really interested or if he ________ polite.
A. was just being
B. will just be
C. had just been
D. would just be
[解析]句意：我不敢确定他是真感兴趣还是仅仅是客套一下。由前文 I wasn't sure if he was... 及并列连词 or 来判断，此处应为过去时，故排除B项；本句并不表示“过去的过去”，也不表示“过去的将来”，故排除C、D两项；本句表示暂时的情况，故用过去进行时态。
[答案]A
3．(2011·全国Ⅰ)When Alice came to life, she did not know how long she ________ there.
A. had been lying
B. has been lying
C. was lying
D. has lain
[解析]句意：当艾丽丝苏醒过来的时候，她不知道自己已在那儿躺了多久。由句意可知，“她躺在那儿”发生在 came to life 和 did not know 之前且表示动作的延续，应用过去完成进行时，故答案为A项。
[答案]A
4．(2011·全国Ⅱ)If you don't like the drink you ________， just leave it and try a different one.
A. ordered
B. are ordering
C. will order
D. had ordered
[解析]句意：如果你不喜欢你要的饮料，那就别喝了，试试其他的(饮料)吧。由语境可知，点饮料是过去发生的事情，故应用一般过去时。
[答案]A
5．(2011·山东)When I got on the bus, I ________ I had left my wallet at home.
A. was realizing
B. realized
C. have realized
D. would realize
[解析]句意：当我上了公共汽车的时候，我意识到我把钱包忘在家里了。题干在陈述过去发生的事情，要用一般过去时。A是过去进行时；C是现在完成时；D是过去将来时，与语境不符。
[答案]B
6．(2011·山东)She was surprised to find the fridge empty; the children ________ everything!
A. had been eating
B. had eaten
C. have eaten
D. have been eating
[解析]句意：发现冰箱空了她很吃惊，孩子们已经吃光了一切！孩子们吃光冰箱里的东西发生在 She was surprised to find...之前，即过去的过去，所以用过去完成时，故选B。
[答案]B
7．(2011·天津)In the last few years thousands of films______ all over the world.
A. have produced
B. have been produced
C. are producing
D. are being produced
[解析]句意：在过去的几年里，全世界已经制作了几千部电影。in the last/past few years (在过去的几年里)通常与现在完成时连用；另外，根据句意及句子结构可知：此句为被动含义，所以用现在完成时态的被动语态形式。
[答案]B
8．(2011·天津)On her next birthday, Ann ________ married for twenty years.
A. is
B. has been
C. will be
D. will have been
[解析]句意：到下一次过生日的时候，Ann 结婚就要满二十年了。根据句中的 next birthday 可知要用将来时，排除A、B两项；根据 for twenty years 可知要表达“完成”之意，所以设空处用将来完成时。
[答案]D
9．(2011·江西)We ________ John's name on the race list yesterday but for his recent injury.
A. will put
B. will have put
C. would put
D. would have put
[解析]句意：要不是 John 最近受伤了，我们昨天就把他的名字加到了比赛的名单上了。根据题干所提供的信息，可知设空处为与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，故谓语动词用“would/should/could/might＋have＋过去分词”。因此答案为D项。
[答案]D
10．(2011·江西)We arrived at work in the morning and found that somebody ________ into the office during the night.
A. broke
B. had broken
C. has broken
D. was breaking
[解析]句意：我们早上到达办公室的时候发现有人在夜间闯进过办公室。根据题中的 in the morning 和 during the night 可以知道 break into 这个动作应该在 find 这个动作之前，表示“过去的过去”，故用过去完成时。
[答案]B
11．(2011·陕西)His first novel ________ good reviews since it came out last month.
A. receives
B. is receiving
C. will receive
D. has received
[解析]句意：他的第一本小说自从上个月出版以来受到了良好的评价。根据 since it came out last month 可知本句应用现在完成时，故选择D项。
[答案]D
12．(2011·北京)Experiments of this kind ________ in both the U．S. and Europe well before the Second World War.
A. have conducted
B. have been conducted
C. had conducted
D. had been conducted
[解析]句意：第二次世界大战之前，在美国和欧洲就曾彻底地进行过这种实验。experiments 与 conduct 之间为被动关系，故排除A项和C项。conduct 这一动作发生在第二次世界大战之前，即：过去的过去，所以用过去完成时，故选择D项。
[答案]D
13．(2011·北京)Tom ________ in the library every night over the last three months.
A. works
B. worked
C. has been working
D. had been working
[解析]句意：在过去的三个月里，汤姆一直每晚都在图书馆工作。根据时间状语 over the last three months 可知用现在完成进行时，故选C项。
[答案]C
14．(2011·北京)—That must have been a long trip.
—Yeah, it ________ us a whole week to get there.
A. takes
B. has taken
C. took
D. was taking
[解析]句意：——那肯定是一次很长的旅程。——是的，我们花了整整一周的时间才到达那里。must have done 用来表示对过去肯定事实的推测，由此判断语境指过去，故排除A项；B项为现在完成时，强调对现在造成的结果或影响，属于现在时态范畴，故排除；D项为过去进行时，表示过去正在进行的动作，不符合语境，也应排除。题干只是在陈述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，故选C。
[答案]C
15．(2011·北京)—Bob has gone to California.
—Oh, can you tell me when he ________？
A. has left
B. left
C. is leaving
D. would leave
[解析]句意：——鲍勃已经去了加利福尼亚。——哦，你能告诉我他什么时候离开的吗？由第一句可知此人已经离开，故排除C、D两项。has left 为现在完成时，强调对现在的影响和结果，而此处仅用来询问过去的一种事实，故排除A项，选择B项。
[答案]B
16．(2011·福建)Last month, the Japanese government expressed their thanks for the aid they ________ from China.
A. receive
B. are receiving
C. have received
D. had received
[解析]句意：上个月，日本政府对从中国得到的援助表示感谢。分析题干可知，日本政府是在上个月表示感谢，是过去时态；日本收到中国的援助发生在此之前，为“过去的过去”，需用过去完成时态，所以正确答案为D项。
[答案]D
17．(2011·浙江)The manager was worried about the press conference his assistant ________ in his place, but luckily, everything was going on smoothly.
A. gave
B. gives
C. was giving
D. had given
[解析]句意：助理正在替经理举行资讯发布会，这使得他很担心，但幸运的是，一切进展顺利。根据题干中的 was worried 及 was going 可知设空处表示过去正在进行的情况，故答案为C项。
[答案]C
18．(2011·江苏)—I hear you ________ in a pub. What's it like?
—Well, it's very hard work and I'm always tired, but I don't mind.
A. are working
B. will work
C. were working
D. will be working
[解析]句意：——我听说你在酒吧工作，这份工作怎么样？——哦，很辛苦，我总是觉得累，但我不介意。由 I'm always tired, but I don't mind 可知现在还在做这份工作，故排除B、C、D三项，选择A项。
[答案]A
19．(2011·江苏)The fact that so many people still smoke in public places ________ that we may need a nationwide campaign to raise awareness of the risks of smoking.
A. suggest
B. suggests
C. suggested
D. suggesting
[解析]句意：有许多人依旧在公共场合吸烟，这一事实表明我们也许需要搞一次全国性的活动来提高人们对于吸烟危害性的认识。the fact 后跟同位语从句，设空处为主句的谓语动词，故排除D项；由题干中的 smoke 和 may 等可知语境指现在的情况，故排除C项。本句主语为 the fact，且本句陈述的是一个事实，故谓语动词应采用第三人称单数形式，故选B。
[答案]B
20．(2011·江苏)—Tommy is planning to buy a car.
—I know. By next month, he ______ enough for a used one.
A. saves
B. saved
C. will save
D. will have saved
[解析]句意：——Tommy 正计划买辆车。——我知道。到下个月为止，他就能攒够钱买一辆二手车了。“by＋表将来的时间”作状语，句子(主句)部分谓语动词通常采用将来完成时，故选择D项。
[答案]D
21．(2011·安徽)—What do you think of store shopping in the future?
—Personally, I think it will exist along with home shopping but ________.
A. will never replace
B. would never replace
C. will never be replaced
D. would never be replaced
[解析]句意：——你觉得商店购物的前景如何？——就我个人而言，我认为商店购物会与家居购物并存，但是不会被家居购物所取代。根据句意可知此处应用一般将来时，故排除B和D两项；it 指代 store shopping，与 replace 之间为被动关系，故答案为C项。
[答案]C
22．(2011·安徽)—I didn't ask for the name list. Why______ on my desk?
—I put it there just now in case you needed it.
A. does it land
B. has it landed
C. will it land
D. had it landed
[解析]句意：——我没有要名单，为什么名单会在我的桌子上？——我刚放在那儿的，以防你需要。根据句意可知名单现在在桌子上，故用现在时，排除C、D两项；A项为一般现在时，表示习惯或经常性的动作，故排除；这里强调 land 这一动作对现在产生的结果及影响，即：名单已经在桌子上，故用现在完成时，所以选择B项。
[答案]B
23．(2011·湖南)—Joan，what ________ in your hand?
—Look! It's a birthday gift for my grandma.
A. had you held
B. are you holding
C. do you hold
D. will you hold
[解析]句意：——琼，你手里拿着什么？——看！这是给我奶奶的生日礼物。考查在特定语境中正确使用时态的能力。根据句意(琼，你手里拿着什么？)和关键词 Look 可知该题应用现在进行时态，故选B项。
[答案]B
24．(2011·湖南)In 1492, Columbus ________ on one of the Bahama Islands, but he mistook it for an island off India.
A. lands
B. landed
C. has landed
D. had landed
[解析]句意：1492年，哥伦布在巴哈马群岛靠岸，但是他把那里误认为是印度沿海的一个岛屿。分析题干可知，本句描述的是发生在过去的事情，故用过去时，排除A、C两项；从时间状语 in 1492和谓语动词 mistook 可以判断B项为正确答案。设空处并不表示“过去的过去”，故排除D项。
[答案]B
25．(2011·湖南)It is the most instructive lecture that I______ since I came to this school.
A. attended
B. had attended
C. am attending
D. have attended
[解析]句意：这是自从我到这所学校以来参加过的最有指导性的演讲。考查在特定语境中正确使用时态的能力。根据主句的谓语动词 is 和从句 since I came to this school 可以判断空格部分应用现在完成时，故选D项。
[答案]D
26．(2011·湖南)In the near future, more advances in the robot technology ________ by scientists.
A. are making
B. are made
C. will make
D. will be made
[解析]句意：在不久的将来，科学家们将会在机器人技术方面取得更大的进步。根据时间状语 In the near future 可以确定该句的时态为一般将来时，而句子的主语 more advances 和 make 之间是被动关系，故选D项。
[答案]D
27．(2011·辽宁)I'll go to the library as soon as I finish what I ________.
A. was doing
B. am doing
C. have done
D. had been doing
[解析]句意：我一做完手头上的活就去图书馆。本题考查时态。根据题干所提供的信息可知，设空处表示现在正在进行的动作，应用现在进行时，故答案为B项。
[答案]B
28．(2011·辽宁)By the time Jack returned home from England, his son ________ from college.
A. graduated
B. has graduated
C. had been graduating
D. had graduated
[解析]句意：到杰克从英格兰返回家园时，他的儿子已大学毕业。根据句意可知，设空处说的是过去的事情，故用过去时，排除B项；设空处的动作(graduate)先于 returned 这一动作，表示“过去的过去”，故用过去完成时。
[答案]D
29．(2011·重庆)That piece of music sounds quite familiar. Who ________ the piano upstairs?
A. has played
B. played
C. plays
D. is playing
[解析]句意：那首音乐听起来十分熟悉。谁在楼上弹钢琴？根据句意可知，本句说的是现在的事情且动作尚未完成，故用现在进行时，故答案为D项。
[答案]D
30．(2011·重庆)Look at the pride on Tom's face. He______ to have been praised by the manager just now.
A. seemed
B. seems
C. had seemed
D. is seeming
[解析]句意：看汤姆脸上自豪的样子，似乎他刚才受到了经理的表扬。设空处的 seem (似乎)表示现在的情况，故用现在时，排除A、C两项；seem 一般不用于进行时，故排除D项。本句还可改为：It seems that he was praised by the manager just now.
