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山西省2024高考英语二轮复习专题训练：阅读理解（12）
阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A
In the computer age, most of us take a broadband Internet connection for granted． Whether cable or mobile broadband, today’s connections are many times faster than those in the early days． Videos play smoothly, complex websites load quickly, and files download much faster than ten years ago． And the files are much bigger too．
There’s a catch, of course． You have to live near enough to a major city to get broadband Internet． If you don’t, it’s slow dial-up access for you． And for those living really far out, there may be no Internet access at all．
Technology experts often talk about the “last mile” problem, which refers to the difficulty of bringing Internet access to remote locations． In cities and suburbs, it’s relatively easy to provide access for everyone． It is much more difficult to deliver access to those living far from cities, especially in developing countries． Internet service providers, for their part, have been reluctant to provide access to sparsely（稀疏地） populated areas． The handful of Internet users they would reach wouldn’t cover the expense．
But every year, technological advancements allow of more and more Internet users． Most broadband connections today run over existing cable TV and telephone lines although these technologies aren’t available everywhere． Some companies have delivered the Internet over standard power lines． Advancements in cheaper, more efficient fiber optics cables（光纤电缆） promise to bring extremely fast Internet connections to more users．
Still, the “last mile” problem remains hard to deal with． There will always be somewhere that doesn’t have an affordable broadband connection． But someday that might not matter． If the rapid progress in cell phone technology is any indication（迹象）, it may not be too long before an Internet connection simply follows you wherever you go．
． The underlined part “ a catch” （in Paragraph 2） probably means “________”．
A． a rare challenge
B． a desirable plan
C． an efficient device
D． a hidden problem
2． What can we know from the third paragraph?
A． Internet connection has not been popular in most cities．
B． Internet service providers care about rural customers．
C． Computer is popular in developing countries．
D． It is hard to bring Internet access to users in remote areas．
3． Paragraph 4 mainly tells us that technological advancements ________．
A． make TV and telephone available everywhere
B． bring great change to people’s everyday life
C． make it possible for more people to use the Internet
D． bring faster Internet connections to users
4．What may eventually settle the “last mile” problem?
A．The broadband connection’s getting faster．B．More and more Internet users．
C．More and more Internet connections．D．The rapid progress in cell phone technology．
B
To understand the marketing concept, it is only necessary to understand the difference between marketing and selling． Not too many years ago, most industries concentrated primarily on the efficient production of goods, and then relied on “persuasive salesmanship” to move as much of these goods as possible． Such production and selling focuses on the needs of the seller to produce goods and then convert（使转换） them into money．
Marketing, on the other hand, focuses on the wants of consumers． It begins with first analyzing the preferences and demands of consumers and then producing goods that will satisfy them． This eye-on-the-consumer approach is known as the marketing concept, which simply means that instead of trying to sell whatever is easiest to produce, the makers and dealers first find out what the consumer wants to buy and then go about making it available for purchase．
This concept does not imply that business is benevolent（慈善的） or that consumer satisfaction is given priority over profit in a company． There are always two sides to every business transaction—the firm and the customer—and each must be satisfied before trade occurs． Successful merchants and producers, however, recognize that the surest route to profit is through understanding and catering to（迎合） customers． A striking example of the importance of catering to the consumer presented itself in mid-1985, when Coca Cola changed the flavor of its drink． The non-acceptance of the new flavor by a significant portion of the public brought about a prompt restoration（恢复） of the Classic Coke, which was then marketed alongside the new．
．The marketing concept discussed in the passage is ________．
the practice of turning goods into money
making goods available for purchase
the customer-centered approach
a form of persuasive salesmanship
． What was the main concern of industries before the marketing concept was widely accepted?
The needs of the market．
The efficiency of production．
The satisfaction of the user．
The preferences of the dealer．
7.According to the passage, “to move as much of these goods as possible” （ in Paragraph 1） means “________”．
A． to sell the largest possible quantity of goods
B． to transport goods as efficiently as possible
C． to get rid of these goods in large quantities
D． to redesign these goods for large-scale production
8．What does the restoration of the Classic Coke best prove?
Traditional goods have a stronger appeal to the majority of people．
It takes time for a new product to be accepted by the public．
Consumers with conservative tastes are often difficult to please．
Products must be designed to suit the taste of the consumer．
C
The Barbie doll first appeared at the toy fair in New York in 1959． Its creator was Ruth Handler, an American businesswoman． She and her husband Elliott along with Harold Matt Matson started the toy company Mattel． She based the design of the new doll on a German doll named Bild Lilli and named her after their daughter Barbara．
The first Barbie wore a black and white swimsuit and had her hair in a ponytail（马尾辫）． She looked very grown-up． But any concerns that parents would not want to buy it for little girls were soon proved wrong．
Mattel sold 300,000 Barbie dolls in the first year at a price of three dollars． Today, a fifty-year-old Barbie in good condition might cost more than 27,000 dollars．
Barbie dolls have represented 50 different nationalities and are sold in 150 countries． Mattel says 90% of girls in the United States between the ages of three and ten own at least one Barbie doll． It says girls between the ages of three and six own an average of about 12．
Barbie also faced her share of critics． A well-known example was when women’s education groups objected to a talking Barbie doll that declared, among other things, “Math class is tough!” Mattel agreed to change it． Saudi Arabia has banned Barbie dolls． And a lawmaker in the American state of West Virginia would like to do the same． Last month, he proposed banning sales of Barbie and other dolls that influence girls to put too much importance on physical beauty．
Some people say Barbie is an unhealthy role model for young girls． Robin Gerber disagrees． She wrote a book about Barbie． She points out dolls like scientist Barbie and race car driver Barbie． She says people who criticize Barbie should tell girls the story of the businesswoman who created her． She says Ruth Handler wanted the dolls to help girls think about what they wanted to do with their lives．
．The first Barbie doll might not be popular among little girls because _______．
her hairstyle was out of fashion
her appearance looked much too mature
her way of dressing was against the tradition
physical beauty wasn’t thought to be important
． From the passage we know that Mattel ________．
A． is one of the world’s largest toy companies
B． is the director of an American toy company
C． was the woman who originally created Barbie
D． was a salesman who was good at selling Barbie dolls
11．Barbie dolls are criticized partly because they make girls ________．
A． pay too much attention to their physical beauty
B． neglect their schoolwork and inner beauty
C． prefer physical beauty to inner beauty
D． waste too much time and money on clothes
12．It can be inferred from the last paragraph that in her book Robin Gerber ________．
A． shows Barbie dolls have a negative influence on girls
B． praises a successful person who sells Barbie dolls
C． expresses her own favorable opinion about Barbie
D． argues for banning the sales of Barbie dolls
D
The biggest safety threat facing airlines today may not be a terrorist（恐布分子） with a gun, but the man with the portable computer in business class． In the last 15 years, pilots have reported well over 100 incidents that could have been caused by electromagnetic（电磁） interference（干扰）． The source of this interference remains unconfirmed, but increasingly, experts are pointing the blame at portable electronic device such as portable computers, radio and cassette players and mobile telephones．
RTCA, an organization which advises the aviation（航空）industry, has recommended that all airlines ban（禁止）such devices from being used during “critical” stages of flight, particularly take-off and landing． Some experts have gone further, calling for a total ban during all flights． Currently, rules on using these devices are left up to individual airlines． And although some airlines prohibit （禁止）passengers from using such equipment during take-off and landing, most are reluctant to enforce a total ban, given that many passengers want to work during flights．
The difficulty is prediction how electromagnetic fields might affect an aircraft’s computers． Experts know that portable device emit radiation which affects those wavelengths which aircraft use for navigation and communication． But, because they have not been able to reproduce these effects in a laboratory, they have no way of knowing whether the interference might be dangerous or not．
The fact that aircraft may be vulnerable（易受损的）to interference raises the risk that terrorists may use radio systems in order to damage navigation equipment． A worrying though, is the passenger who can’t hear the instructions to turn off his radio because the music is too loud ．
．What is said about the over 100 aircraft incidents in the past 15 years?
A．They may have taken place during take-off and landing．
B．They may have been caused by the damage to the radio systems．
C．They were suspected to have resulted from electromagnetic interference．
D．They were proved to have been caused by the passengers’ portable computers．
14．Few airlines want to impose（强加）a total ban on their passengers using electronic devices because
．
A．they have other effective safety measures to fall back on
B．they don’t believe there is such a danger as radio interference
C．the harmful effect of electromagnetic interference is yet to be proved
D．most passengers refuse to take a plane which bans the use of radio and cassette players
15．Why is it difficult to predict the possible effects of electromagnetic fields on an airplane’s computers?
A．Because experts lack adequate equipment to do such research．
B．Because it is extremely dangerous to conduct such research on an airplane．
C．Because it remains a mystery what wavelengths are liable to be interfered with．
D．Because research scientists have not been able to produce the same effects in labs．—15
DDCD
CBAD
BAAC
CCD
山西省2024高考英语二轮复习专题训练：阅读理解（12）
阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A
In the computer age, most of us take a broadband Internet connection for granted． Whether cable or mobile broadband, today’s connections are many times faster than those in the early days． Videos play smoothly, complex websites load quickly, and files download much faster than ten years ago． And the files are much bigger too．
There’s a catch, of course． You have to live near enough to a major city to get broadband Internet． If you don’t, it’s slow dial-up access for you． And for those living really far out, there may be no Internet access at all．
Technology experts often talk about the “last mile” problem, which refers to the difficulty of bringing Internet access to remote locations． In cities and suburbs, it’s relatively easy to provide access for everyone． It is much more difficult to deliver access to those living far from cities, especially in developing countries． Internet service providers, for their part, have been reluctant to provide access to sparsely（稀疏地） populated areas． The handful of Internet users they would reach wouldn’t cover the expense．
But every year, technological advancements allow of more and more Internet users． Most broadband connections today run over existing cable TV and telephone lines although these technologies aren’t available everywhere． Some companies have delivered the Internet over standard power lines． Advancements in cheaper, more efficient fiber optics cables（光纤电缆） promise to bring extremely fast Internet connections to more users．
Still, the “last mile” problem remains hard to deal with． There will always be somewhere that doesn’t have an affordable broadband connection． But someday that might not matter． If the rapid progress in cell phone technology is any indication（迹象）, it may not be too long before an Internet connection simply follows you wherever you go．
． The underlined part “ a catch” （in Paragraph 2） probably means “________”．
A． a rare challenge
B． a desirable plan
C． an efficient device
D． a hidden problem
2． What can we know from the third paragraph?
A． Internet connection has not been popular in most cities．
B． Internet service providers care about rural customers．
C． Computer is popular in developing countries．
D． It is hard to bring Internet access to users in remote areas．
3． Paragraph 4 mainly tells us that technological advancements ________．
A． make TV and telephone available everywhere
B． bring great change to people’s everyday life
C． make it possible for more people to use the Internet
D． bring faster Internet connections to users
4．What may eventually settle the “last mile” problem?
A．The broadband connection’s getting faster．B．More and more Internet users．
C．More and more Internet connections．D．The rapid progress in cell phone technology．
B
To understand the marketing concept, it is only necessary to understand the difference between marketing and selling． Not too many years ago, most industries concentrated primarily on the efficient production of goods, and then relied on “persuasive salesmanship” to move as much of these goods as possible． Such production and selling focuses on the needs of the seller to produce goods and then convert（使转换） them into money．
Marketing, on the other hand, focuses on the wants of consumers． It begins with first analyzing the preferences and demands of consumers and then producing goods that will satisfy them． This eye-on-the-consumer approach is known as the marketing concept, which simply means that instead of trying to sell whatever is easiest to produce, the makers and dealers first find out what the consumer wants to buy and then go about making it available for purchase．
This concept does not imply that business is benevolent（慈善的） or that consumer satisfaction is given priority over profit in a company． There are always two sides to every business transaction—the firm and the customer—and each must be satisfied before trade occurs． Successful merchants and producers, however, recognize that the surest route to profit is through understanding and catering to（迎合） customers． A striking example of the importance of catering to the consumer presented itself in mid-1985, when Coca Cola changed the flavor of its drink． The non-acceptance of the new flavor by a significant portion of the public brought about a prompt restoration（恢复） of the Classic Coke, which was then marketed alongside the new．
．The marketing concept discussed in the passage is ________．
the practice of turning goods into money
making goods available for purchase
the customer-centered approach
a form of persuasive salesmanship
． What was the main concern of industries before the marketing concept was widely accepted?
The needs of the market．
The efficiency of production．
The satisfaction of the user．
The preferences of the dealer．
7.According to the passage, “to move as much of these goods as possible” （ in Paragraph 1） means “________”．
A． to sell the largest possible quantity of goods
B． to transport goods as efficiently as possible
C． to get rid of these goods in large quantities
D． to redesign these goods for large-scale production
8．What does the restoration of the Classic Coke best prove?
Traditional goods have a stronger appeal to the majority of people．
It takes time for a new product to be accepted by the public．
Consumers with conservative tastes are often difficult to please．
Products must be designed to suit the taste of the consumer．
C
The Barbie doll first appeared at the toy fair in New York in 1959． Its creator was Ruth Handler, an American businesswoman． She and her husband Elliott along with Harold Matt Matson started the toy company Mattel． She based the design of the new doll on a German doll named Bild Lilli and named her after their daughter Barbara．
The first Barbie wore a black and white swimsuit and had her hair in a ponytail（马尾辫）． She looked very grown-up． But any concerns that parents would not want to buy it for little girls were soon proved wrong．
Mattel sold 300,000 Barbie dolls in the first year at a price of three dollars． Today, a fifty-year-old Barbie in good condition might cost more than 27,000 dollars．
Barbie dolls have represented 50 different nationalities and are sold in 150 countries． Mattel says 90% of girls in the United States between the ages of three and ten own at least one Barbie doll． It says girls between the ages of three and six own an average of about 12．
Barbie also faced her share of critics． A well-known example was when women’s education groups objected to a talking Barbie doll that declared, among other things, “Math class is tough!” Mattel agreed to change it． Saudi Arabia has banned Barbie dolls． And a lawmaker in the American state of West Virginia would like to do the same． Last month, he proposed banning sales of Barbie and other dolls that influence girls to put too much importance on physical beauty．
Some people say Barbie is an unhealthy role model for young girls． Robin Gerber disagrees． She wrote a book about Barbie． She points out dolls like scientist Barbie and race car driver Barbie． She says people who criticize Barbie should tell girls the story of the businesswoman who created her． She says Ruth Handler wanted the dolls to help girls think about what they wanted to do with their lives．
．The first Barbie doll might not be popular among little girls because _______．
her hairstyle was out of fashion
her appearance looked much too mature
her way of dressing was against the tradition
physical beauty wasn’t thought to be important
． From the passage we know that Mattel ________．
A． is one of the world’s largest toy companies
B． is the director of an American toy company
C． was the woman who originally created Barbie
D． was a salesman who was good at selling Barbie dolls
11．Barbie dolls are criticized partly because they make girls ________．
A． pay too much attention to their physical beauty
B． neglect their schoolwork and inner beauty
C． prefer physical beauty to inner beauty
D． waste too much time and money on clothes
12．It can be inferred from the last paragraph that in her book Robin Gerber ________．
A． shows Barbie dolls have a negative influence on girls
B． praises a successful person who sells Barbie dolls
C． expresses her own favorable opinion about Barbie
D． argues for banning the sales of Barbie dolls
D
The biggest safety threat facing airlines today may not be a terrorist（恐布分子） with a gun, but the man with the portable computer in business class． In the last 15 years, pilots have reported well over 100 incidents that could have been caused by electromagnetic（电磁） interference（干扰）． The source of this interference remains unconfirmed, but increasingly, experts are pointing the blame at portable electronic device such as portable computers, radio and cassette players and mobile telephones．
RTCA, an organization which advises the aviation（航空）industry, has recommended that all airlines ban（禁止）such devices from being used during “critical” stages of flight, particularly take-off and landing． Some experts have gone further, calling for a total ban during all flights． Currently, rules on using these devices are left up to individual airlines． And although some airlines prohibit （禁止）passengers from using such equipment during take-off and landing, most are reluctant to enforce a total ban, given that many passengers want to work during flights．
The difficulty is prediction how electromagnetic fields might affect an aircraft’s computers． Experts know that portable device emit radiation which affects those wavelengths which aircraft use for navigation and communication． But, because they have not been able to reproduce these effects in a laboratory, they have no way of knowing whether the interference might be dangerous or not．
The fact that aircraft may be vulnerable（易受损的）to interference raises the risk that terrorists may use radio systems in order to damage navigation equipment． A worrying though, is the passenger who can’t hear the instructions to turn off his radio because the music is too loud ．
．What is said about the over 100 aircraft incidents in the past 15 years?
A．They may have taken place during take-off and landing．
B．They may have been caused by the damage to the radio systems．
C．They were suspected to have resulted from electromagnetic interference．
D．They were proved to have been caused by the passengers’ portable computers．
14．Few airlines want to impose（强加）a total ban on their passengers using electronic devices because
．
A．they have other effective safety measures to fall back on
B．they don’t believe there is such a danger as radio interference
C．the harmful effect of electromagnetic interference is yet to be proved
D．most passengers refuse to take a plane which bans the use of radio and cassette players
15．Why is it difficult to predict the possible effects of electromagnetic fields on an airplane’s computers?
A．Because experts lack adequate equipment to do such research．
B．Because it is extremely dangerous to conduct such research on an airplane．
C．Because it remains a mystery what wavelengths are liable to be interfered with．
D．Because research scientists have not been able to produce the same effects in labs．—15
DDCD
CBAD
BAAC
CCD
