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2024届高考英语二轮专题总复习阅读能力培养精品系列（二十七）
阅读理解
AIn the kitchen of my mother's houses there has always been a wooden stand(木架)with a small notepad(记事本)and a hole for a pencil.
I'm looking for paper on which to note down the name of a book I am recommending to my mother. Over forty years since my earliest memories of the kitchen pad and pencil, five houses later, the current paper and pencil look the same as they always did. Surely it can't be the same pencil! The pad is more modern, but the wooden stand is definitely the original one.
“I'm just amazed you still have the same stand for holding the pad and pencil after all these years.” I say to her, walking back into the living-room with a sheet of paper and the pencil. “You still use a pencil. Can't you afford a pen？”
My mother replies a little sharply, “It works perfectly well. I've always kept the stand in the kitchen. I never knew when I might want to note down an idea, and I was always in the kitchen in these days.”
Immediately I can picture her, hair wild, blue housecoat covered in flour, a wooden spoon in one hand, the pencil in the other, her mouth moving silently. My mother smiles and says, “One day I was cooking and watching baby Pauline, and I had a brilliant thought, but the stand was empty. One of the children must have taken the paper. So I just picked up the breadboard and wrote it all down on the back. It turned out to be a real breakthrough for solving the mathematical problem I was working on.”
This story—which happened before I was born-reminds me how extraordinary my mother was, and is, as a gifted mathematician. I feel embarrassed that I complain about not having enough child-free time to work. Later, when my mother is in the bathroom, I go into her kitchen and turn over the breadboards. Sure enough, on the back of the smallest one, are some pencilled marks I recognize as mathematics. Those symbols have travelled unaffected through fifty years, rooted in the soil of a cheap wooden breadboard, invisible(看不到的)exhibits at every meal.
1. Why has the author's mother always kept the notepad and pencil in the kitchen?
A. To leave messages.
B. To list her everyday tasks.
C. To note down maths problems.
D. To write down a flash of inspiration.
2. What is the author's original opinion about the wooden stand?
A. It has great value for the family.
B. It needs to be replaced by a better one.
C. It brings her back to her lonely childhood.
D. It should be passed on to the next generation.
3. The author feels embarrassed for ________.
A. blaming her mother wrongly
B. giving her mother a lot of trouble
C. not making good use of time as her mother did
D. not making any breakthrough in her field
4. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A. The mother is successful in her career.
B. The family members like travelling.
C. The author had little time to play when young.
D. The marks on the breadboard have disappeared.
5. In the author's mind, her mother is ________.
A. strange in behaviour
B. keen on her research
C. fond of collecting old things
D. careless about her appearance
B
In the atmosphere，carbon dioxide allows the sun's rays to enter but prevents the heat from escaping. According to a weather expert's prediction，the atmosphere will be warmer in the year 2050 than it is today, if man continues to burn fuels at the present rate. If this warming up took place, the ice caps in the poles would begin to melt, thus raising sea level several meters and severely flooding coastal cities.Also, the increase in atmospheric temperature would lead to great changes in the climate of the northern hemisphere.
In the past, concern about a man-made warming of the earth has concentrated on the Arctic because the Antarctic is much colder and has a much thicker ice sheet. But the weather experts are now paying more attention to West Antarctic, which may be affected by only a few degrees of warming, in other words, by a warming on the scale that will possibly take place in the next fifty years from the burning of fuels.Satellite pictures show that large areas of Antarctic ice are already disappearing. The evidence suggests that a warming has taken place. This fits the theory that carbon dioxide warms the earth.
However, most of the fuel is burnt in the northern part of the earth, where temperatures seem to be falling. Scientists conclude，therefore, that up to now natural influences on the weather have exceeded those caused by man. The question is: Which natural cause has most effect on the weather?
One possibility is the behavior of the sun. Astronomers at one research station have studied the hot spots and “cold” spots，that is，the relatively less hot spots, on the sun. This seems to have a greater effect on the distribution of the earth's atmospheric pressure, and consequently on wind circulation(循环). The sun is also variable(可变的) over a long term.Its heat output(输出)goes up and down in cycles. The latest trend being downward is on the way. But that is only an imagination.
6. The carbon dioxide in the atmosphere would________.
A. prevent the sun's rays from reaching the earth's surface
B. mean a warming up in the Arctic
C. account for great changes in the climate
D. raise the temperature of the earth's surface
7. The article was written to explain________.
A. the greenhouse effect
B. the solar effects on the earth
C. the solar weather
D. the causes affecting weather
8. Although the fuel is greater in the northern part，temperatures there seem to be falling.This is ________.
A．mainly because the carbon dioxide is rising
B．possibly because the ice caps in the poles are melting
C．due to the effect of the earth's climate
D．partly due to the activity of the sun
9. What does the underlined word “exceeded” mean?
A. To be the same as.
B. To be slower than.
C. To be better than.
D. To be bigger than.
参考答案
Ⅰ. 1. 解析：选D。细节理解题。由第四段最后一句“I never knew when I might want to note down an idea”到下一段的“and I had a brilliant thought, but the stand was empty”可知,应选D。
2. 解析：选B。根据第三段中“Im just amazed you still have the same stand for holding the pad and pencil after all these years”可推断，作者认为the wooden stand该换成更好的了。
3. 解析：选C。细节理解题。由最后一段等二句“I feel embarrassed that I complain about not having enough child-free time to work”可知，应选C。
4. 解析：选A。推理判断题。根据最后一段的第一句“This story-which happened before I was born-reminds me how extraordinary my mother was, and is, as a gifted mathematician”可知，应选A。
5. 解析：选B。推理判断题。作者通过“a wooden stand（木架）with a small notepad（记事本）and a hole for a pencil”描写了一位母亲对事业的执著和热爱，由此可以推断B项正确。
6. 解析：选D。文章第一段讲到二氧化碳在大气中就像温室的玻璃顶一样吸收太阳的光线并阻挡光热的流失，文章第三段最后一句话又再次提到二次化碳能使地球变热的理论。因此，正确答案为D项。
7. 解析：选D。全文讲述的是影响天气的诸多原因。选项A、B、C在文中均被提及但不足以概括全文的主旨，只有D项是比较全面的。
8. 解析：选D。文章第三段提及这一现象时讲到：科学家们认为这一现象的产生是因为到目前为止自然界对天气的影响要大于人类对天气的影响。而究竟是哪种自然力量对天气的影响最大呢？文章第四段第一句话给出了答案，其中一个可能就是太阳的不断变动。D项与此意相符。
9. 解析：选C。通过最后一段第三句“This seems to have a greater effect on the distribution of the earths atmospheric pressure, and consequently on wind circulation(循环)”可知，自然界对天气的影响要大于人类对天气的影响。
2024届高考英语二轮专题总复习阅读能力培养精品系列（二十七）
阅读理解
AIn the kitchen of my mother's houses there has always been a wooden stand(木架)with a small notepad(记事本)and a hole for a pencil.
I'm looking for paper on which to note down the name of a book I am recommending to my mother. Over forty years since my earliest memories of the kitchen pad and pencil, five houses later, the current paper and pencil look the same as they always did. Surely it can't be the same pencil! The pad is more modern, but the wooden stand is definitely the original one.
“I'm just amazed you still have the same stand for holding the pad and pencil after all these years.” I say to her, walking back into the living-room with a sheet of paper and the pencil. “You still use a pencil. Can't you afford a pen？”
My mother replies a little sharply, “It works perfectly well. I've always kept the stand in the kitchen. I never knew when I might want to note down an idea, and I was always in the kitchen in these days.”
Immediately I can picture her, hair wild, blue housecoat covered in flour, a wooden spoon in one hand, the pencil in the other, her mouth moving silently. My mother smiles and says, “One day I was cooking and watching baby Pauline, and I had a brilliant thought, but the stand was empty. One of the children must have taken the paper. So I just picked up the breadboard and wrote it all down on the back. It turned out to be a real breakthrough for solving the mathematical problem I was working on.”
This story—which happened before I was born-reminds me how extraordinary my mother was, and is, as a gifted mathematician. I feel embarrassed that I complain about not having enough child-free time to work. Later, when my mother is in the bathroom, I go into her kitchen and turn over the breadboards. Sure enough, on the back of the smallest one, are some pencilled marks I recognize as mathematics. Those symbols have travelled unaffected through fifty years, rooted in the soil of a cheap wooden breadboard, invisible(看不到的)exhibits at every meal.
1. Why has the author's mother always kept the notepad and pencil in the kitchen?
A. To leave messages.
B. To list her everyday tasks.
C. To note down maths problems.
D. To write down a flash of inspiration.
2. What is the author's original opinion about the wooden stand?
A. It has great value for the family.
B. It needs to be replaced by a better one.
C. It brings her back to her lonely childhood.
D. It should be passed on to the next generation.
3. The author feels embarrassed for ________.
A. blaming her mother wrongly
B. giving her mother a lot of trouble
C. not making good use of time as her mother did
D. not making any breakthrough in her field
4. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A. The mother is successful in her career.
B. The family members like travelling.
C. The author had little time to play when young.
D. The marks on the breadboard have disappeared.
5. In the author's mind, her mother is ________.
A. strange in behaviour
B. keen on her research
C. fond of collecting old things
D. careless about her appearance
B
In the atmosphere，carbon dioxide allows the sun's rays to enter but prevents the heat from escaping. According to a weather expert's prediction，the atmosphere will be warmer in the year 2050 than it is today, if man continues to burn fuels at the present rate. If this warming up took place, the ice caps in the poles would begin to melt, thus raising sea level several meters and severely flooding coastal cities.Also, the increase in atmospheric temperature would lead to great changes in the climate of the northern hemisphere.
In the past, concern about a man-made warming of the earth has concentrated on the Arctic because the Antarctic is much colder and has a much thicker ice sheet. But the weather experts are now paying more attention to West Antarctic, which may be affected by only a few degrees of warming, in other words, by a warming on the scale that will possibly take place in the next fifty years from the burning of fuels.Satellite pictures show that large areas of Antarctic ice are already disappearing. The evidence suggests that a warming has taken place. This fits the theory that carbon dioxide warms the earth.
However, most of the fuel is burnt in the northern part of the earth, where temperatures seem to be falling. Scientists conclude，therefore, that up to now natural influences on the weather have exceeded those caused by man. The question is: Which natural cause has most effect on the weather?
One possibility is the behavior of the sun. Astronomers at one research station have studied the hot spots and “cold” spots，that is，the relatively less hot spots, on the sun. This seems to have a greater effect on the distribution of the earth's atmospheric pressure, and consequently on wind circulation(循环). The sun is also variable(可变的) over a long term.Its heat output(输出)goes up and down in cycles. The latest trend being downward is on the way. But that is only an imagination.
6. The carbon dioxide in the atmosphere would________.
A. prevent the sun's rays from reaching the earth's surface
B. mean a warming up in the Arctic
C. account for great changes in the climate
D. raise the temperature of the earth's surface
7. The article was written to explain________.
A. the greenhouse effect
B. the solar effects on the earth
C. the solar weather
D. the causes affecting weather
8. Although the fuel is greater in the northern part，temperatures there seem to be falling.This is ________.
A．mainly because the carbon dioxide is rising
B．possibly because the ice caps in the poles are melting
C．due to the effect of the earth's climate
D．partly due to the activity of the sun
9. What does the underlined word “exceeded” mean?
A. To be the same as.
B. To be slower than.
C. To be better than.
D. To be bigger than.
参考答案
Ⅰ. 1. 解析：选D。细节理解题。由第四段最后一句“I never knew when I might want to note down an idea”到下一段的“and I had a brilliant thought, but the stand was empty”可知,应选D。
2. 解析：选B。根据第三段中“Im just amazed you still have the same stand for holding the pad and pencil after all these years”可推断，作者认为the wooden stand该换成更好的了。
3. 解析：选C。细节理解题。由最后一段等二句“I feel embarrassed that I complain about not having enough child-free time to work”可知，应选C。
4. 解析：选A。推理判断题。根据最后一段的第一句“This story-which happened before I was born-reminds me how extraordinary my mother was, and is, as a gifted mathematician”可知，应选A。
5. 解析：选B。推理判断题。作者通过“a wooden stand（木架）with a small notepad（记事本）and a hole for a pencil”描写了一位母亲对事业的执著和热爱，由此可以推断B项正确。
6. 解析：选D。文章第一段讲到二氧化碳在大气中就像温室的玻璃顶一样吸收太阳的光线并阻挡光热的流失，文章第三段最后一句话又再次提到二次化碳能使地球变热的理论。因此，正确答案为D项。
7. 解析：选D。全文讲述的是影响天气的诸多原因。选项A、B、C在文中均被提及但不足以概括全文的主旨，只有D项是比较全面的。
8. 解析：选D。文章第三段提及这一现象时讲到：科学家们认为这一现象的产生是因为到目前为止自然界对天气的影响要大于人类对天气的影响。而究竟是哪种自然力量对天气的影响最大呢？文章第四段第一句话给出了答案，其中一个可能就是太阳的不断变动。D项与此意相符。
9. 解析：选C。通过最后一段第三句“This seems to have a greater effect on the distribution of the earths atmospheric pressure, and consequently on wind circulation(循环)”可知，自然界对天气的影响要大于人类对天气的影响。
