浙江省2024高考英语二轮复习专题训练：阅读理解（100）

雕龙文库 2024-03-31 10:16:13

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　　阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中。This is a great truth, one of the greatest truths. It is a great truth because once we truly see this truth, we transcend（超越） it. Once we truly know that life is difficult---once we truly understand and accept it---then life is no longer difficult. Because once it is accepted, the fact that life is difficult no longer matters.

　　Most do not fully see this truth. Instead they complain about their problems and difficulties as if life should be easy. It seems to them that difficulties represent a special kind of suffering especially forced upon them or else upon their families, their class, or even their nation.

　　What makes life difficult is that the process of facing and solving problems is a painful one.

　　Problems, depending on their nature, cause us sadness, or loneliness or regret or anger or fear. These are uncomfortable feelings, often as painful as any kind of physical pain. And since life causes an endless series of problems, life is always difficult and is full of pain as well as joy.

　　Yet, it is in this whole process of solving problems that life has its meaning. Problems are the serious test that tells us success from failure. When we desire to encourage the growth of human spirit, we encourage the human ability to solve problems, just as in school we set problems for our children to solve. It is through the pain of meeting and working out problems that we learn. As Benjamin Franklin said, those things that hurt, instruct. It is for this reason that wise people learn not to fear but to welcome the pain of problems.

　　1. From the passage, it can be inferred that ______.

　　A. everybody has problems

　　B. we become stronger by meeting and solving the problems of life

　　C. life is difficult because our problems bring us pain

　　D. people like to complain about their problems

　　2. The writer probably used just one short sentence in the first paragraph to ______.

　　A. save space

　　B. persuade readers

　　C. make readers laugh

　　D. get readers’ attention

　　3. The main idea of Paragraph 3 is that ______.

　　A. most people feel life is easy

　　B. the writer feels life is easy

　　C. the writer likes to complain about his problems

　　D. most people complain about how hard their lives are

　　4. According to the passage, we give school children difficult problems to solve in order to______.

　　A. encourage them to learn

　　B. teach them to fear the pain of solving the problem

　　C. help them learn to deal with pain

　　D. teach them how to respect from problems

　　5. The saying from Benjamin Franklin “Those things that hurt, instruct” suggests that ______.

　　A. we do not learn from experience

　　B. we do not learn when we are in pain

　　C. pain teaches us important lessons

　　D. pain cannot be avoided

　　As an experienced photojournalist in Nashville, Tennessee, I was hired by USA Today newspaper to photograph a spinal bifida (脊柱畸形) corrective surgical procedure. It was to be performed on a twenty-one week old fetus（胎儿）in uterus（子宫）at Vanderbilt University Medical Center. At that time, in 1999, twenty-one weeks in uterus was the earliest that the surgical team would consider for surgery. The worst possible outcome would be that the surgery would cause premature delivery, and no child born earlier than twenty-three weeks had survived.

　　The tension could be felt in the operating room as the surgery began. A typical C-section incision (切口) was made to access the uterus, which was then lifted out and laid at the junction of the mother’s thighs（大腿）. The entire procedure would take place within the uterus, and no part of the child was to breach the surgical opening. During the procedure, the position of the fetus was adjusted by gently manipulating（熟练操作） the outside of the uterus. The entire surgical procedure on the child was completed in one hour and thirteen minutes. When it was over, the surgical team breathed a sigh of relief, as did I.

　　As a doctor asked me what speed of film I was using, out of the corner of my eye I saw the uterus shake, but no one’s hands were near it. It was shaking from within. Suddenly, an entire arm thrust out of the opening, then pulled back until just a little hand was showing. The doctor reached over and lifted the hand, which reacted and squeezed the doctor’s finger. As if testing for strength, the doctor shook the tiny fist. Samuel held firm. I took the picture! Wow! It happened so fast that the nurse standing next to me asked, “What happened?” “The child reached out,” I said. “Oh. They do that all the time,” she responded.

　　The surgical opening to the uterus was closed and the uterus was then put back into the mother and the C-section opening was closed.

　　It was ten days before I knew if the picture was even in focus. To ensure no digital manipulation of images before they see them, USA Today requires that film be submitted（提交） unprocessed. When the photo editor finally phoned me he said, “It’s the most incredible picture I’ve ever seen.”

　　6. In 1999, people believed that it was ________.

　　A. possible for a fetus 21 weeks born to survive

　　B. likely for a fetus born 21 weeks to become deformed (畸形的)

　　C. right time for a fetus born 21 weeks to receive an operation

　　D. risky for a fetus 21 weeks in uterus to receive an operation

　　7. From the second paragraph, we can see that the surgery was ________.

　　A. challenging but successful

　　B. demanding and unsuccessful

　　C. simple and short

　　D. long-lasting and difficult

　　8. The underlined “It” in paragraph 3 refers to ________.

　　A. the shaking of the uterus

　　B. the arm of the fetus

　　C. the taking of the picture

　　D. the head of the fetus

　　9. From the editor said in the last paragraph, we know the photo editor was very ________.

　　A. disappointed

　　B. satisfied

　　C. annoyed

　　D. depressed

　　BEIJING—Apple Inc is one step closer to beginning sales of iPad2 tablet computers with cellular (手机) network compatibility (兼容) for the first

　　in the Chinese mainland, where the consumer-electronics giant is in the midst of an aggressive expansion.

　　According to China’s Telecommunication Equipment Certification Center, a device by Apple with third-generation high-speed wireless data capabilities was issued the network access license needed for the company to begin official sales in China. The device, listed under model number “A1396”, is compatible（相容的） with the 3G standard WCDMA, and would work with the cellular network operated by Apple’s local iPhone partner, China Unicom (Hong Kong) Ltd.

　　China Unicom declined (谢绝) to comment.

　　Apple already offers the 3G iPad2 in Hong Kong through its partners, but currently only offers Wi-Fi versions of the device in the Chinese mainland. Still, consumers in China, which according to research firm IDC surpassed (超过) the US as the world’s largest PC market in the second quarter, have been purchasing 3G tablets through unofficial channels.

　　Separately, Apple spokeswoman Carolyn Wu said Sept 6 that the company’s first Hong Kong store, set to open this quarter, will be located in the city’s central shopping and business district in the International Finance Center’s upscale (高档的) IFC mall, a commercial center and sightseeing spot along the city’s waterfront. Wu also said that Apple is planning a new store in Shanghai later this quarter, which will be its biggest store in China. She declined to give more details or to comment on the 3G iPad2.

　　Apple currently has four full-service Apple stores in the mainland, which receive the most traffic of any Apple stores in the world. The company otherwise relies on resellers to get its products into the market.

　　The new stores reflect Apple’s confidence in rising demand for its products such as smart phones and tablet computers. Sales in the Chinese mainland, Hong Kong and Taiwan helped boost (增长) the company’s third-quarter results, newly appointed Chief Executive Tim Cook said in July. China revenue (收益) surged (激增) six-fold to about $3.8 billion during the three months ended June 25.

　　“This has been a substantial (重大) opportunity for Apple and I firmly believe that we’re just scratching the surface right now,” Cook said at the time, referring to strong sales in China. “I see an incredible opportunity for Apple there.”

　　From China Daily 2011-09-08

　　10. According to the news, which of the following statements is true?

　　A. WCDMA is not the only 3G standard in the world.

　　B. Apple Inc sells its products in the market of the Chinese mainland all by its own stores.

　　C. The consumers in China can only get iPad2 of Wi-Fi versions.

　　D. Chinese mainland is the second largest PC market in this year’s second quarter.

　　11. Which one of the following phrases can replace the underlined word in paragraph 1?

　　A. in the interests of

　　B. in the front of

　　C. in the process of

　　D. in the case of

　　12. How many full-service Apple stores in China?

　　A. 4.

　　B. 6.

　　C. 8.

　　D. Unknown.

　　13. What’s the probable meaning of “six-fold” in the last but one paragraph?

　　A. one-sixth

　　B. six times

　　C. 60 percent

　　D. 2times

　　14. By saying “we’re just scratching the surface right now”, Cook means ________.

　　A. they don’t know much about China’s market

　　B. they will sell more products and gain more profit in China

　　C. they need to obtain more permission from China’s government

　　D. they ignored the rural market in China

　　Psychology(心理学) has a new application in the field of medicine. Many doctors, together with their patients, are looking for alternative methods of treatment of physical problems. In large hospitals, modern therapy（疗法） seems to focus on the physical disease. Patients may feel they are treated like broken machines. Some doctors have recognized this as a problem. They are now using psychological therapy, in which the patient is working with the doctors against the disease with the help of medicine. The patient does not wait for the medicine and treatment to cure him or her, but instead the patient joins in the fight.

　　 The doctor knows that a disease affects a patient's body physically. The body of the patient changes because of the disease. He is not only physically affected, but also has an emotional response to the disease. Because his mind is affected, his attitude and behavior change. The medical treatment might cure the patient's physical problems, but the patient's mind must fight the emotional ones. For example, the studies of one doctor, Carl Simonton, M. D., have shown that a typical cancer patient has predictable attitudes. She typically feels depressed, upset, and angry. Her constant depression makes her acts unfriendly toward her family, friends, doctors, and nurses. Such attitudes and behaviors prevent recovery. Therefore, a doctor's treatment must help the patient change that. Simonton's method emphasizes treatment of the “whole” patient.

　　 The attitude of a cancer patient receiving radiation therapy, an X-ray treatment, can become more positive. The physician who is following Simonton's psychological treatment plan suggests that the patient imagine that he or she can see the tumor（肿瘤） in the body. In the mental picture, the patient "sees" a powerful beam of radiation like a million bullets of energy. The patient imagines the beam hitting the tumor cells and causing them to shrink. For another cancer patient, Dr. Simonton asks him to imagine the medicine going from the stomach into the bloodstream and to the cancer cells. The patient imagines that the medicine is like an army fighting the diseased cells and sees the cancer cells gradually dying and his blood carry away the dead cells. Both the medical therapy and the patient's positive attitude fight the disease.

　　 Doctors are not certain why this mental therapy works. However, this use of psychology does help some patients because their attitudes about themselves change. They become more confident because they use the power within their own minds to help stop the disease.

　　 Another application of using the mind to help cure disease is the use of suggestion therapy. At first, the doctor helps the patient to concentrate deeply. The patient thinks only about one thing. He becomes so unaware of other things around him that he is asleep, or rather in a trance（催眠状态）. Then the physician makes “a suggestion” to the patient about the medical problem. The patient's mind responds to the suggestion even after the patient is no longer in the trance. In this way, the patient uses his mind to help his body respond to treatment.

　　 Doctors have learned that this use of psychology is helpful for both adults and children. For example, physicians have used suggestion to help adults deal with the strong pain of some disease. Furthermore, sometimes the adult patient worries about her illness so much that the anxiety keeps her from getting well. The right suggestions may help the patient to stop being anxious. Such treatment may help the patient with a chronic（慢性的）diseases. Asthma （哮喘） is an example of a chronic disorder. Asthma is a disease that causes the patient to have difficulty in breathing. The patient starts to cough and sometimes has to fight to get the air that he or she needs. Psychology can help relieve the symptoms of this disorder. After suggestion therapy, the asthma patient breathes more easily.

　　 Physicians have learned that the psychological method is very useful in treating children. Children respond quickly to the treatment because they are fascinated by it. For example, Dr. Basil R. Collison has worked with 121 asthmatic children in Sydney, Australia, and had good results. Twenty-five of the children had Excellent results. They were able to breathe more easily, and they did not need medication. Another forty-three were also helped. The symptoms of the asthma occurred less frequently, and when they did, they were not as strong. Most of the children also felt better about themselves. Doctors have also used suggestion to change habits like nail-biting, thumb-sucking, and sleep-related problems.

　　 Many professional medical groups have accepted the medical use of psychology and that psychology has important applications in medicine.

　　 15. What does the passage mainly discuss?

　　 A. How suggestion therapy benefits adults and children.

　　 B. How modern therapy focuses on the disease.

　　C. Responses from the medical world.

　　D. How to use the mind against disease.

　　16. How does psychological therapy work?

　　 A. The patient waits for the medicine and treatment to cure him.

　　 B. The doctor uses medical treatment to cure the patient's problems.

　　 C. The doctor, the medicine, and the patient work together to fight disease.

　　 D. The patient uses his mind to cure himself.

　　17. What can we learn from the studies of Carl Simonton, M. D.?