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2024高考英语北师大版一轮复习Unit 20夯实训练含答案
高考题型提能练(二十) Unit 20
(2024·湖北省八校高三第一次联考)China will allow all couples to have two children，__1__(give) up its decades－long one－child policy，the Communist Party of China (CPC) __2__(announce) after a key meeting on Thursday.
The change of policy is intended to balance population development and meet the challenge of an aging population，according to a communique (公报) __3__(issue) after the Fifth Plenary Session of the 18th Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee held from Monday to Thursday.
The proposal must be approved by the top legislature (立法机关) __4__ it comes into force.
China’s family planning policy was first introduced in the late 1970s __5__(control) the rapid __6__(grow) of the population by limiting most urban couples __7__ one child，and as to rural couples，they can have two children on condition that their firstborn child was a girl.The policy was later relaxed.Parents __8__ were both only children in their family could have __9__ second child.
The one－child policy was __10__(far)
loosened in
November 2024 after the Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee，and couples are allowed to have two children if one of them is an only child.【语篇导读】 本文讲述了中国的二孩政策。
1．giving [考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，give与句子主语China之间为主谓关系，应用现在分词作状语，故填giving。]
2．announced [考查时态。根据时间状语on Thursday可知，本处应用一般过去时。]
3．issued [考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，issue与communique之间为动宾关系，故用过去分词issued作定语。]
4．before [考查连词。提议在生效之前必须得到最高立法机关的批准。before“在……之前”。]
5．to control [考查非谓语动词。中国于20世纪70年代晚期开始实施计划生育政策以控制急剧增长的人口。本处应用动词不定式作目的状语。]
6．growth [考查名词。此处表示控制急剧增长的人口，应用名词作宾语，故填growth。]
7．to [考查介词。limit...to...“限定……到……”是固定搭配。]
8．who/that [考查定语从句。夫妇双方均为独生子女的，还可以再生Parents，关系词在定语从句中作主语，故用who/that。]
9．a [考查冠词。序数词前用不定冠词，意为“再，又”。]
10．further [考查副词的比较级。根据句意“一孩政策进一步放松”可知，本处应用比较级；由于本处不是表距离，而是表事物的程度，故用further。]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2024·江西省六校联考)Like most people, I was brought up to look upon life as a process of getting. It was not until in my late thirties that I made this important discovery: giving away makes life so much more exciting. You need not worry if you lack money.
This is how I experimented with giving away. If an idea for improving the window display of a neighbourhood store flashes to me, I step in and make the suggestion to the storekeeper. One discovery I made about giving
away is that it is almost impossible to give away anything in this world without getting something back, though the return often comes in all unexpected form.
One Sunday morning, the local post office delivered an important special delivery letter to my home, though it was addressed to me at my office. I wrote the postmaster a note of appreciation. More than a year later I needed a post office box for a new business I was starting. I was told at the window that there were no boxes left, and that my name would have to go on a long waiting list. As I was about to leave, the postmaster appeared in the doorway. He had overheard (无意中听到)
our conversation. “Wasn't it you that wrote us that letter a year ago about delivering a special delivery to your home？” I said yes. “Well, you certainly are going to have a box in this post office if we have to make one for you. You don't know what a letter like that means to us. We usually get nothing but complaints.”
1.From the passage, we understand that the author ________.
A.did not understand the importance of giving until he was in late thirties
B.was like most people who were mostly receivers rather than givers
C.received the same education as most people during his childhood
D.liked most people as they looked upon life as a process of getting
2.According to the author, ________.
A.giving means you will lack money
B.the excitement of giving can bring you money
C.you don't have to be rich in order to give
D.when you give away money, you will be rich
3.The author would make the suggestion to the storekeeper ________.
A.in writing
B.in person
C.in the window display
D.about the neighbourhood
4.When the author needed a post office box, ________.
A.he had put his name on a waiting list
B.he wrote the postmaster a note of appreciation
C.many people had applied for post office boxes before him
D.he asked the postmaster to make one for him
1．解析：选A 细节理解题从第一段中的第二句“It was not until in my late thirties that I made this important discovery: giving away makes life so much more exciting.”可知作者直到自己30多岁才开始懂得给予使生活更加有意义故选A2．解析：选C 细节理解题从文章第一段的最后一句“You need not worry if you lack money.”可知作者认为给予与金钱无关A、B、D三项均不符合题意故选C3．解析：选B 推理判断题由第二段第二句“If an idea for improving the window display of a neighbourhood store flashes to me, I step in and make the suggestion to the storekeeper.”可知这是作者假设的一种情况如果“我”突然发现邻居的橱窗摆设需要改善“我”会走进去然后跟老板提出建议即亲自去故选 B4．解析：选C 细节理解题由第三段第四句“I was told at the window that there were no boxes left, and that my name would have to go on a long waiting list.”可知当作者需要一个邮箱的时候他发现已经没有了而且我前面早就有很多人登记着名字等待故选C
B
(2024·绵阳市诊断性测试)YA: Although people should face the consequences of their behaviors,
lives are the most valuable thing and should be respected and guaranteed. People don't have the chance to correct their errors and make a new start if their lives are taken away. Also,
it would be a disaster if the wrong persons
were given the death penalty (死刑).
YB: I support getting rid of the death penalty.Violence should never
meet with violence. Abolishing the death penalty could help people to realize the power of forgiveness and love. It could also get officials to focus more on preventing crimes instead of punishing the criminals after they have been committed.
YC: The goal of laws and penalties is not to punish criminals but to keep people from committing crimes. Corrective education would be much better than the death penalty,
as it could help people understand their crimes and feel sorry from the bottom of their hearts rather than just fear death.
NA：We need the death penalty. Those who do great harm to others and affect society badly are supposed to be punished seriously. They should be responsible for their behaviors. Without the death penalty,
some people might commit terrible crimes because they would no longer worry about losing their lives even if they take away others' lives though in fact they haven't the right to do so.
NB: Laws are different in different countries because of national conditions. Some developed countries that have abolished the death penalty have highly educated people and have few problems with their laws. Compared to them,
China still has a long way to go before it can abolish the death penalty.
NC: For some severe crimes,
imprisonment (监禁) isn't enough to make sure there is social justice and to defend laws. The death penalty can achieve that. If we abolished it,
we would need to spend a lot of money on prisoners,
which would be a burden on society.
1.According to YB,
the government should pay more attention to ________.
A.abolishing the death penalty
B.committing crimes
C.punishing the criminals
D.preventing crimes
2.From the view of NA,
without the death penalty,
crimes might be ________.
A.different B.the same
C.more serious
D.less and less
3.Which of the following is a reason to keep the death penalty?
A.Imprisonment isn't enough to defend laws.
B.Lives are the most valuable thing.
C.Violence should never be met with violence.
D.People should have the chance to correct their errors.
4.What can probably be the best title of this report?
A.Abolish Death Penalty or Not?
B.Can Death Penalty Achieve Justice?
C.Should People Be Highly Educated?
D.Should Violence Meet with Violence?
1．解析：选D 细节理解题根据第二段“It could also get officials to focus more on preventing crimes instead of ...(它也能够让官员们把注意力集中在预防犯罪而不是……)”可知选D解析：选C 细节理解题根据第四段“Without the death penalty, some people might commit terrible crimes ...(如果没有死刑有些人也许会犯更可怕的罪……)”可知选C解析：选A 细节理解题根据最后一段“For some severe crimes,
imprisonment
(监禁)
isn't enough to make sure there is social justice and to defend laws. (对于一些严重的罪犯监禁并不能够确保社会正义并为法律辩护)”可知选A解析：选A 标题归纳题文章主要围绕对死刑是否应该被废除展开的辩论因此选A“Luck is a matter of preparation meeting opportunity，” said the American talk show host Oprah Winfrey. I’ve never watched her show, but when a self－made billionaire gives life advice, it’s probably worth listening to.
Her point is that blind luck is very rare. You may have to be lucky to find a good job these days but that does not mean you should sit at home waiting for the opportunity to come to you. If you’re a Chinese，you may already be familiar with the tale of a farmer waiting by a tree stump (树桩) for a rabbit to run out and break its neck.
A book written by the UK psychologist Richard Wiseman, called The Luck Factor, argues we can all make ourselves luckier. It’s not about going to a temple to burn some incense (香) in hopes that the gods will give you good fortune；it’s practical advice you can follow each day.
Wiseman conducted an experiment as part of his studies. First he separated volunteers into two groups：those who said they were lucky in life and those who said they were not. He gave everyone a newspaper and asked them to look through it to count how many photographs it had inside. On average, the unlucky people took about two minutes to count the photographs while the lucky people took just seconds. Why? On the second page of the newspaper, a command, “Stop counting. There are 43 photographs in this newspaper，” was written in big letters. The unlucky people mostly did not spot the message.
It’s easy to compare this situation to a young person looking for jobs in a local paper. They might search so hard for one type of position that they miss an even better opportunity. People who are “lucky”， in fact, keep an open mind and don’t go through the same routine every day.
I first came to China in 2002 when it was considered a rather strange thing to do. Like many foreigners，my plan was to teach English for one year. Seven years later, and still here, I’ve had many great opportunities such as writing for newspapers and magazines. I did not dream these would have been possible. I’ve also never been sick, had an accident, got into a fight or had problems with the police. Coincidence? After reading about Professor Wiseman’s studies I think not.
As Wiseman advises, I usually trust my own judgment. Your friends and parents may give you advice based on rational thinking, but it’s important to consider how you feel about each choice you make. Your feeling acts as a warning for a potential problem.
Finally, try to turn bad luck into good.Even if you do fall down and break a leg, the time spent at home can be used wisely to study English.
1. Which of the following proverbs most agrees with the writer’s point?
A．Make the best of a bad job.
B．Rome was not built in a day.
C．All that glitters is not gold.
D．A good heart conquers ill fortune.
. What do you know about Oprah Winfrey?
A．She became famous through her family background.B．She was very lucky and seldom suffered setbacks in her life.
C．She is a British talk show host.
D．She became successful by her own effort.
. The writer quoted the Chinese tale of a farmer in order to show________.
A. luck is in your own hand
B．bad luck can turn into good
C．you should not sit at home waiting for the opportunity to come to you
D．man can conquer nature
. The underlined word “spot” is the closest in meaning to“________”.
A．recognize
B．mark
C．locate
D．receive
[解题导语] 本文为议论文。作者认为命运只垂青那些有所准备的人。身处逆境，不要怨天尤人，要想方设法化厄运为好运。每个人都可以做自己命运的主人。
. 解析：选A。 推理判断题。Make the best of a bad job意为“身处山穷水尽，力争柳暗花明”，与最后一段作者的观点“try to turn bad luck into good(把厄运变好运)”最为接近。故答案为A。Rome was not built in a day意为“伟业非一日可成”；All that glitters is not gold意为“闪光的东西并不都是金子”；A good heart conquers ill fortune意为“善心克厄运”。
. 解析：选D。 细节理解题。根据第一段中的a selfmade billionaire可知美国talk show主持人Oprah Winfrey是从白手起家，通过自我奋斗而成功的。
．解析：选C。 推理判断题。根据第二段的内容可以判断，作者引用中国“守株待兔”的故事是为了说明“人们不应该待在家里等待机会的降临”的观点。
．解析：选A。 词义猜测题。根据上文语境及The unlucky people mostly did not spot the message. 可知spot在句中用作及物动词，是“发现，识别”之意。
Ⅱ.任务型阅读
Benefits of Reading Books
There are many benefits of reading books. Read on to learn the various benefits of reading books!
Obviously, reading books provides you with new knowledge.
1.________
It can be a fact about history or a theory you did not know. If you want to learn new words in particular, reading books is a great way to enrich your vocabulary.
2.________
Similar to solving puzzles, reading books allows your mind to practice its processing skills. Going without books for too long will turn your mind to mush. I'm not kidding!
One of the primary benefits of reading books is its ability to develop your critical thinking skills.3.________
Whenever you are faced with a similar problem in real life, your mind is now able to put its mystery solving skills to the test.
Reading helps you improve your communication skills.
4.________
Seeing how words are used and how
sentences are structured with your own eyes helps you memorize the information better than by listening to a teacher discuss the points in class. As a result, you can use the words and sentence structures to express your opinions while communicating with others.
5.________
For example, following a recipe from a cooking show will be difficult, but when you're following a recipe,
reading a cookbook allows you to review the procedures and the ingredients whenever you need to.
