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8.(2024·山东高考改编)The(design)says he came up with the idea after watching people get wet on streets in Russia. designer。此空作主语,前面有定冠词the,后面宾语从句的主语为he,指代人。根据句意可知,应用design的名词形式designer,意为“设计师”。 9.(2024·浙江高考改编)The research lacks solid evidence,and therefore,its conclusions are (doubt). doubtful。此处应用形容词作表语,意为“不确定的;可疑的”。 10.He is a mountain climber, an inspirational speaker and an advocate for the(disable). disabled。“the+形容词”表示一类人,故此处应用形容词disabled。the disabled意为“残疾人”。
二、单元话题微写作 全球变暖 根据提示,将以下句子连成一篇英语短文。 1.科技的进步使人们的生活水平得到极大的提高。(science and technology;living standard) 2.工业生产活动增加,温室气体排放增多,全球变暖现象越来越严重。(industrial activity;greenhouse gases;global warming) 3.洪水、干旱等自然灾害频发。(flood;drought) 4.必须采取有效措施来对抗全球变暖!(take steps;fight against) 5.应该多种树,减少温室气体排放,保持自然平衡。(greenhouse gas emission;balance)
With the development of science and technology,people’s living standard has been greatly improved.However,due to the increasing industrial activities,more and more greenhouse gases have been released,worsening global warming.Consequently,natural disasters such as floods and droughts occur frequently.Therefore,it is necessary for us to take steps to fight against global warming.We should plant more trees,reduce greenhouse gas emissions so as to keep the balance of nature.
重点短语 重点句型 重点单词 ❻survive vt.& vi.幸存;生存下来 vt.比……寿命长 Our boat survived,and I was trying to recover when my elder brother put his mouth close to my ear,and screamed out the terrifying word “Whirlpool!”我们的船幸免于难,我还没有缓过神,这时哥哥把嘴凑到我的耳朵边,尖声叫出那个可怕的词“漩涡!”(教材原句P14) Her parents died in the accident,but she survived.她的父母死于这次事故,但她幸免于难。 He felt lucky to have survived the war.能从那场战争中存活下来他感到很幸运。 Few buildings survived the earthquake.地震过后存留的建筑物寥寥无几。
重点短语 重点句型 重点单词 ◆常见用法 survive sth.幸免于……;熬过 survive from...从……中存活下来 survive on...靠……存活下来 survive sb.(by+时间段)比某人活得长(……) People who survive from earthquake will remember their terrible experiences forever.在地震中幸存下来的人们将永远忘不了那些可怕的经历。 The man survived his sister by three years.那个人比他姐姐多活了三年。 ◆特别提醒 1.survive的主语通常是custom,manuscript,record,relic,remains,species,tradition,victim等。 2.survive 后多接accident,attack,battle,cancer,challenge,crash,crisis,disaster,earthquake,fall,fire,illness,injury等名词作宾语。
重点短语 重点句型 重点单词 ◆拓展延伸 survivor n.幸存者 survival n.幸存者;生存;残存物 ◆现学活用 用survive的适当形式填空 1.The film Titanic is based on the experience of a survivor . 2.In the traffic accident,no one survived except a few people who were badly injured.
重点短语 重点句型 重点单词 ❼recover vt.& vi.痊愈,康复;找回;重新获得;收回 Our boat survived,and I was trying to recover when my elder brother put his mouth close to my ear,and screamed out the terrifying word “Whirlpool!”我们的船幸免于难,我还没有缓过神,这时哥哥把嘴凑到我的耳朵边,尖声叫出那个可怕的词“漩涡!”(教材原句P14) She has recovered her health.她已恢复了健康。 Jane recovered her lost wallet.简寻回了丢失的钱包。 ◆常见用法 recover from从……中恢复;痊愈 recover oneself重新(得到);清醒过来 recover one’s costs收回成本 recover what was lost找回失物 recover one’s losses弥补损失
重点短语 重点句型 重点单词 The market has not recovered from the rise in oil price.市场还未从石油价格的上涨中恢复(平静)。 He is recovering from a knee injury.他膝盖上的伤正在康复。 Wendy almost fell,but managed to recover herself.温迪差一点跌倒,但还是站稳了。 ◆拓展延伸 recovery n.恢复,复原;重获 recoverable adj.可找回的;可恢复的,可复原的 ◆词义辨析 1.cure“治疗;治愈,痊愈”,常用于搭配“sb./sth.cure sb.of+疾病”或“sb.+be cured of+疾病”。 This medicine will cure (you of) your headache.这种药会治好你的头痛病。 The doctor cured her of a cold.医生医好了她的感冒。 She was cured of her disease.她的病被治好了。
重点短语 重点句型 重点单词 2.recover“恢复,痊愈,复原”,常与from连用。 They haven’t recovered from the shock yet.他们还未从那次打击中恢复过来。 3.restore“使……恢复健康;修复,重建”,常用于被动语态。 The doctor restored the girl to health.=The girl was restored to health.医生恢复了那个女孩的健康。 The workers have already restored the ruined temple.工人们已修复了这座毁坏的寺庙。 4.heal“治愈,使恢复健康;消除;平息”,主要指伤口的治愈,忧伤、忧愁等的消除,事态的平息以及健康恢复正常。 His wound is not yet healed.他的伤口尚未痊愈。 Time heals all broken hearts.时间可以消除一切忧伤。
重点短语 重点句型 重点单词 ◆现学活用 用recover的适当形式填空 1.There was a decline in chicken sales at McDonald’s when bird flu hit.The good news is that business has recovered . 2.He made a remarkable recovery from a shin injure. 3.If you decide not to buy it,the money you have spent on the server won’t be recoverable .
重点短语 重点句型 重点单词 ❽escape vt.逃避,避免,被忘掉 vi.逃脱(跑),避开,溜走 n.逃亡,逃脱(跑),逃避 As you can see,I did escape.如你所见,我的确幸免于难。(教材原句P15) ◆常见用法 1.escape doing sth.躲避做某事 escape from 从……中逃出(脱) escape being done逃过被…… escape prison逃脱牢狱之灾 escape from prison越狱 escape with one’s life逃命 escape without harm 安然逃脱
重点短语 重点句型 重点单词 2.an escape from...从……逃离 make one’s escape逃走,逃离 a narrow escape九死一生,幸免于难 We were lucky to escape being punished.我们很幸运,没有受罚。 The criminal escaped from prison,and the policemen were running behind.犯人从狱中逃跑,警察在后面追。 The man managed to escape without harm.那个男人安然逃脱。 The thief jumped into a car and made his escape.小偷跳上汽车逃走了。 I congratulated myself on my narrow escape when a billboard fell from a high building.当一块大的广告牌从一座高楼掉下来时,我暗自庆幸自己死里逃生。
重点短语 重点句型 重点单词 ◆词义辨析 1.escape指脱离或避开即将来临或近在眼前的伤害、危险、灾祸,常作借喻用。 He narrowly escaped being drown.他险些被溺死。 2.flee表示“逃跑”,强调动作,不强调结果。相当于run away from。 The enemy soldiers were fleeing in all directions,but few of them could escape.敌兵四处逃窜,但很少能逃出去。 3.avoid强调有意识地躲避不愉快的或可能发生危险的事物或情况。 I cannot avoid meeting her.我怎么也避不开她。 ◆现学活用 单句填空 1.In the accident,he was lucky to escape being killed(kill). 2.The soldier escaped from the enemy’s prison.
重点短语 重点句型 重点单词 ❾recognize vt.辨认出;承认;认可 The fishermen were my old friends,but they were unable to recognize me.那些渔民都是我的老朋友,但他们都认不出我了。(教材原句P15) I recognized Peter although I hadn’t seen him for 10 years.虽然我有10年没看到彼得了,但我还是认出了他。 ◆常见用法 recognize sb.to be 承认某人是 recognize that...承认…… recognize...by/from...由……认出…… be recognized as...被公认为……,被认为是…… It is recognized that...人们公认……
重点短语 重点句型 重点单词 I recognize that I have been wrong.我承认我错了。 The film is now recognized as a classic.这是一部公认的经典影片。 It is recognized that Comrade Deng Xiaoping was the chief designer of China’s Reform and Opening.邓小平同志是人们公认的中国改革开放的总设计师。 ◆拓展延伸 recognition n.承认;识别;认可 out of/beyond recognition面目全非 The actor soon won recognition from the public.那个男演员很快得到了大众的认可。 ◆现学活用 用recognize的适当形式填空 1.Alexander tried to get his work recognized in the medical circles. 2.According to the article,some animals have the gift of facial recognition.
重点短语 重点句型 重点单词 ❶set sail启航,开船,扬帆 They achieved this long before Columbus ever set sail.早在哥伦布启航之前,他们就已经到达那里。(教材原句P8) ◆拓展延伸 set about doing sth.开始做某事,着手处理 set aside留出,拨出,分开或留出以备用 set down放下,搁下;记下,记载,写下 set off出发,启程;使爆炸;引起,导致 set out出发,开始;陈述,陈列 set up建立,成立(组织);创(纪录);提出 重点短语 重点句型 重点单词 The government must set about controlling environmental pollution.政府必须着手治理环境污染。 Set aside some money for old age.攒点钱养老。 They set out to repair the roads.他们开始维修道路了。 ◆现学活用 在空格处填入一个适当的介词或副词 1.(2024·湖北高考改编)In much of the animal world,night is the time set aside for sleep—pure and simple. 2.(2024·浙江高考改编)Armed with the information you have gathered,you can set about preparing your business plan.
重点短语 重点句型 重点单词 ❷get into trouble招致不幸,陷入困境,遭受处罚 According to the old stories of Iceland and Norway,Eric the Red was forced to leave Iceland because he had committed a murder,for which he got into trouble.根据冰岛和挪威的传说,埃里克·雷德因一起谋杀案而惹上麻烦,并被迫离开冰岛。(教材原句P8) ◆拓展延伸 be in troubles with和……闹纠纷 get out of trouble(使)摆脱不幸,(使)免受责骂(处罚) have trouble/difficulty/problems with sth./(in) doing sth.做某事有麻烦/困难/问题 make trouble闹事,捣乱 put sb.to the trouble of doing sth.麻烦某人做某事 take the trouble to do sth./for sth.费劲/费神做某事,不怕麻烦做某事
重点短语 重点句型 重点单词 ◆现学活用 单句填空 1.I had great difficulty finding(find)the suitable food on the menu in that restaurant. 2.Nothing gives him more pleasure than help some in trouble.
重点短语 重点句型 重点单词 ❸make it to到达 Eric set sail once again,this time with 25 ships,of which only 14 made it to Greenland.埃里克再次启航,这一次他带了25艘船,但只有14艘到达了格陵兰岛。(教材原句P8) She’s very ambitious but I don’t think she will make it to the top.她很有野心,不过我认为她爬不到最高层。 ◆拓展延伸 make for 促成;有利于 make it及时赶到,办成功;达到目的 make out 理解;看清楚 make the most/best of sth.充分利用某物 make up 构成;编造;补偿;化妆;补足,凑足 make up for 补偿
重点短语 重点句型 重点单词 Getting up early in the morning may not make for good health.早晨起得早也许无益于健康。 Beverly finally made it after several failures.几经失败后,比弗利最终成功了。 He couldn’t quite make out what it was all about.他不大能理解这都是怎么回事。 Nothing can make up for what they have suffered.什么也补偿不了他们所受的痛苦。 ◆现学活用 在空格处填入一个适当的单词 1.(2024·陕西高考改编)—Shall we go for a drink at one o’clock this afternoon? —Sorry,I can’t make it.Will two o’clock be OK? 2.Sarah made it to the airport just in time to catch her plane this morning.
重点短语 重点句型 重点单词 ❹make sense 有意义,有道理,讲得通(没有被动形式) Read them in that order to see if the story makes sense.按那个顺序读一下,看看意思是否通顺。(教材原句P14) Does it make sense to let them watch such TV plays?让他们看这样的电视剧有意义吗? ◆常见用法 make no sense无意义,没道理,讲不通 (sb.) make sense of sth.理解……,明白…… What he said just now made no sense.他刚才在会上说的话没有任何意义。 The expert could not make sense of the code either.那个专家也弄不懂这个密码。
重点短语 重点句型 重点单词 ◆拓展延伸 a sense of sight/hearing/smell/taste/touch视觉/听觉/嗅觉/味觉/触觉 a sense of humor/safety/duty/honor/locality幽默/安全/责任/荣誉/方位感 sense of right and wrong是非观念 bring to one’s senses使头脑正常(清醒过来),开导某人,使醒悟 There’s no sense/point in doing sth.做某事无意义 ◆特别提醒 in no sense置于句首时,句子用部分倒装。
重点短语 重点句型 重点单词 ◆现学活用 用sense的相关短语完成句子 1.你说的话我弄不明白。 What you say does not make sense to me. 2.为过去的事情担忧是毫无意义的。 There is no sense in worrying about the past. 3.从某种意义上来说,你拒绝接受那份工作是明智的。 In a sense,it is wise of you to refuse that job. 4.那位世界名模一点也不漂亮。 In no sense is that world-famous model beautiful.
重点短语 重点句型 重点单词 ❺pick up捡起,拾起;收拾,整理;用车接某人(物);(无意中)学会;继续;加快(速度);身体好转,情况好转 In the end,a boat picked me up.后来,一条船把我救了上来。(教材原句P15) The boy picked up the hat for the old man.男孩替老人拾起了帽子。 I’ll pick you up at the station.我到车站去接你。 He picked up some French when in Paris.在巴黎期间,他学了一些法语。 Let’s pick up the discussion after dinner.我们吃过饭再接着讨论吧。
重点短语 重点句型 重点单词 ◆拓展延伸 pick off摘下,摘掉 pick on嘲笑,欺侮 pick out挑出,选出;区别出,辨别出 pick oneself up(跌倒后)爬起来 ◆现学活用 用适当的副词填空 1.The gardener picked off the dead flowers from the trees. 2.It’s easy to pick him out in a crowd because he is very tall. 3.I picked up quite a lot of Japanese words during my six-month stay in Japan.
重点短语 重点句型 重点单词 ❶“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句 According to the old stories of Iceland and Norway,Eric the Red was found to leave Iceland because he had committed a murder,for which he got into trouble.根据冰岛和挪威的传说,埃里克·瑞德因一起谋杀案而惹上麻烦,并被迫离开冰岛。(教材原句P8) “介词+关系代词”引导定语从句时,关系代词一般为which(指物)和whom(指人)。在这种结构中,介词的选择一般遵循以下四个原则: 1.根据定语从句中的谓语动词确定介词,其动词与介词搭配,构成动词短语。 Is this the car for which you paid a high price?这是你花大价钱买的车吗? (pay for) 2.根据定语从句中的形容词确定介词,其形容词与介词搭配,构成形容词短语。 The teacher with whom the students in our class are popular is Mr Wang,our English teacher.在我们班,深受学生欢迎的是王老师——我们的英语老师。(be popular with)
重点短语 重点句型 重点单词 3.根据定语从句修饰的先行词确定介词,其先行词往往是表示时间、地点、原因、方法、工具等的词,它们与介词之间有一定的联系。当“介词+关系代词”在定语从句中充当时间、地点、原因状语时,可分别用when,where,why替换。 The factory in which (=where) his father works is far away from my hometown.他父亲工作的那家工厂离我们家乡很远。 4.根据句子的意思确定介词。有些句子,先行词完全一样,定语从句中谓语动词不是由固定的动词短语构成的,这时,要根据句子所要表达的意思,选用不同的介词。 This is the pilot for whom I bought a camera.这就是我给他买相机的那位飞行员。(意思是I bought a camera for the pilot.) This is the pilot with whom my brother has worked for ten years.这就是和我弟弟一起工作了十年的那位飞行员。(意思是My brother has worked with the pilot for ten years.)
重点短语 重点句型 重点单词 ◆现学活用 用适当的介词填空 1.This is the school in which I studied 3 years ago. 2.This is the camera with which he often takes photos. 3.In the dark street,there wasn’t a single person to whom she could turn for help. 4.The two things about which Karl Marx was not sure were the grammar and some of the idioms.
重点短语 重点句型 重点单词 ❷倍数表达法 It’s three times as big underwater.水下部分是水上部分的三倍。(教材原句P12) Some fish can produce sounds almost twice as loud as your speaking voice!有些鱼发出的声音几乎是人讲话声音的两倍!(教材原句P12) 倍数表达法的常见句式如下: 1.倍数+as+形容词/副词的原级+as... This river is twice as long as that one.这条河是那条河的两倍长。 2.倍数+形容词/副词的比较级+than... The car runs twice faster than that truck.这辆小车的速度比那辆卡车快两倍。
重点短语 重点句型 重点单词 3.倍数+the size/height/length/depth...+of... This mountain is four times the height of that hill.这座山的高度是那座小山的四倍。 4.形容词/副词的比较级+than...+by+倍数 The line is longer than that one by twice.这条线是那条线的两倍长。 ◆现学活用 单句改错 1.After the new technique was introduced,the factory produced tractors in 1988 twice many as the year before.(在many前加as) 2.The earth is 49 times size of the moon.(在size前加the)
