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2024高考英语二轮精选基础词汇及语法知识强化系列（06）及答案
Ⅰ.品句填词
1．She has no ____________(缺乏)of supporters.
答案：lack
2．The killer threatened to murder me if I didn’t ____________(服从，顺从)．
答案：obey
3．Her husband was an ____________(杰出的)scientist in physics.
答案：outstanding
4．Medicine should not be kept where it is ____________(易接近的，易得到手的)to children.
答案：accessible
5．This store has an excellent ____________(名声)for fair dealing.
答案：reputation
6．The raw materials are struck over and over until they become ____________(变松的)．
答案：loose
7．It is ____________(值得的) to consider this point more closely.
答案：worthwhile
8．No one can escape ____________(惩罚) if he breaks the law.
答案：punishment
9．A man’s actions ____________(反映) his thoughts.
答案：reflect
10．They are busy building ____________(保卫) works to defend their country.
答案：defence
Ⅱ.选词填空
get accustomed to，pay off，suspect sb.of doing，set about，as a whole，spit at，to start with，add up to，swell with anger，keep pace with
1．It’s impolite to ________________ others.Besides，it may result in conflicts.
答案：spit at
2．The young should ________________ the times，or they’ll fall behind others.
答案：keep pace with
3．The bills ________________ 100 dollars，which I can’t afford.
答案：add up to
4．My heart ________________ after hearing his words.
答案：swelled with anger
5．I’ve ________________ the life in America.You know，I’ve been here for two years.
答案：got accustomed to
6．The workers who ________________ last month have found new jobs.
答案：was paid off
7．The manager ____________ him ____________ offering false information.
答案：suspected；of
8．The boy ________________ studying at once made his parents happy.
答案：setting about
9．He won’t win the match.________________ he lacked experience.
答案：To start with
10．His property was sold ________________，so now he has nothing.
答案：as a whole
Ⅲ.易错模块
1．The workers will go on strike if the demands they ________ put forward are turned down.
A．couldB．would
C．/
D．had
解析：选C。句意：如果工人提出的要求被拒绝，他们将把罢工继续下去。if the demands they put forward are turned down为条件状语从句。在条件状语从句中用一般现在时表将来。从主句“will go on”可推断出if从句中应为一般现在时，故选C。
2．Class regulations require ________ is the last to leave the classroom ________ off all the lights.
A．who；should turn
B．whom；shall turn
C．whomever；turns
D．whoever；turn
解析：选D。考查主语从句和虚拟语气。whoever引导主语从句；同时“________ is the last to leave the classroom ________ off all the lights”在句中作require的宾语，从句要用虚拟语气，结构是“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。
3．The captain urged that the mission ________ before dark.
A．must be finished
B．be finished
C．ought to be finished
D．was finished
解析：选B。考查虚拟语气。urge表“极力主张，强烈要求，强调”，引导that从句，要使用虚拟语气，形式为should＋do，should可以省略。根据题意，本题正确答案为B。
4．The look on his face suggested that he ________ angry and we ________ him alone.
A．was；left
B．was；should leave
C．should be；should leave
D．should be；left
解析：选B。前面的suggest当“暗示”讲，故从句的前半句要用陈述语气，而后面表示提“建议”，故要用should＋do。
Ⅳ.语法专练
1．(·高考北京卷)Maybe if I ________ science，and not literature then，I would be able to give you more help.
A．studied
B．would study
C．had studied
D．was studying
解析：选C。句意：或许如果当初我学习理科而不是文学的话，我(现在)就能给你更多的帮助。根据从句中的状语then可知，从句表示对过去情况的虚拟，根据与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句的表达方法可知，条件状语从句中应该用“had done”。因此选项C正确。A项表示与现在或者将来相反的虚拟条件；B项和D项不能表示虚拟语气。
2．—Why didn’t you tell me the truth that day?
—I ________，but you ________ for Shanghai when I went to see you.
A．did；would leave
B．would；had been away
C．would have；had left
D．had；were away
解析：选C。考查含蓄虚拟语气和时态。but引导的句子交代了含蓄的条件“假如你没有动身去上海的话”，所以第一空要用would have done结构，此处省略了told you the truth；第二空中的动作发生在从句动作“went to see you”以前，属于过去的过去，应该用过去完成时。
3．(2024·河南模拟)—Mary，how did your math test go?
—I had thought I ________，but in fact I came in the top 10 in my class.
A．should have failed
B．couldn’t have failed
C．might have failed
D．shouldn’t have failed
解析：选C。考查情态动词的用法。might have done表示对过去发生的事情的猜测或担心，意思是“或许会……”，而事实上不一定如此。
4．(2024·潍坊教学检测)How I wish I ________ my mouth before I shouted at my mum!
A．shut
B．have shut
C．had shut
D．would shut
解析：选C。考查虚拟语气。wish后跟从句，从句要用虚拟语气，因为后面是过去时，故此处表示与过去事实相反，要用过去完成时。
5．—Why didn’t you go to Mike’s birthday party yesterday?
—Well，I ________，but I forgot it.
A．should
B．would
C．should have
D．must have
解析：选C。should have done表示“过去本应该做某事(却没有做)”。must have done则用于表示对过去所发生事情的肯定猜测。
6．—Dad，can I surf the Internet?
—Again？I wish that you ________ going online________ your health.
A．know；will do harm to
B．knew；is doing harm to
C．know；have done harm to
D．knew；were doing harm to
解析：选B。本题中wish后的宾语从句通常用虚拟语气，表示与事实相反或不太可能实现的愿望。
7．________ it rain tomorrow，we would have to ________ the picnic.
A．Would；put forward
B．Should；call off
C．Were；put off
D．Should；put up
解析：选B。put forward意为“提出”；call off意为“取消”；put up意为“举起”。根据句意可排除A和D两项；were不能和动词原形rain连用，排除C。此句实际上是一个对将来表示虚拟的句型，即If＋主语＋should＋动词＋其他，主语＋would＋动词＋其他。如果if被省略，则要将should提到句首。
8．So you have to leave.How nice it ________ if you ________ a bit longer!
A．would be；could stay
B．is；can stay
C．should be；stay
D．was；are able to stay
解析：选A。句意为：这么说你得离开了。要是你能多呆会儿那该多好啊！从第一句可知，对方不能再呆了，所以后边应用与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，从句用过去时，主句用(情态动词＋)动词原形。
9．Jenny ________ her word.I wonder why she changed her mind.
A．must have kept
B．can have kept
C．should have kept
D．needn’t have kept
解析：选C。考查“情态动词＋have done”的用法。这里表示“过去本该做……，(而实际上)却没有做……”应该用should have done结构。
10．Look at the terrible situation I am in！If only I ________ your advice.
A．follow
B．had followed
C．would follow
D．have followed
解析：选B。此处是对过去事实的虚拟，if only后的句子应用过去完成时。
2024高考英语二轮精选基础词汇及语法知识强化系列（06）及答案
Ⅰ.品句填词
1．She has no ____________(缺乏)of supporters.
答案：lack
2．The killer threatened to murder me if I didn’t ____________(服从，顺从)．
答案：obey
3．Her husband was an ____________(杰出的)scientist in physics.
答案：outstanding
4．Medicine should not be kept where it is ____________(易接近的，易得到手的)to children.
答案：accessible
5．This store has an excellent ____________(名声)for fair dealing.
答案：reputation
6．The raw materials are struck over and over until they become ____________(变松的)．
答案：loose
7．It is ____________(值得的) to consider this point more closely.
答案：worthwhile
8．No one can escape ____________(惩罚) if he breaks the law.
答案：punishment
9．A man’s actions ____________(反映) his thoughts.
答案：reflect
10．They are busy building ____________(保卫) works to defend their country.
答案：defence
Ⅱ.选词填空
get accustomed to，pay off，suspect sb.of doing，set about，as a whole，spit at，to start with，add up to，swell with anger，keep pace with
1．It’s impolite to ________________ others.Besides，it may result in conflicts.
答案：spit at
2．The young should ________________ the times，or they’ll fall behind others.
答案：keep pace with
3．The bills ________________ 100 dollars，which I can’t afford.
答案：add up to
4．My heart ________________ after hearing his words.
答案：swelled with anger
5．I’ve ________________ the life in America.You know，I’ve been here for two years.
答案：got accustomed to
6．The workers who ________________ last month have found new jobs.
答案：was paid off
7．The manager ____________ him ____________ offering false information.
答案：suspected；of
8．The boy ________________ studying at once made his parents happy.
答案：setting about
9．He won’t win the match.________________ he lacked experience.
答案：To start with
10．His property was sold ________________，so now he has nothing.
答案：as a whole
Ⅲ.易错模块
1．The workers will go on strike if the demands they ________ put forward are turned down.
A．couldB．would
C．/
D．had
解析：选C。句意：如果工人提出的要求被拒绝，他们将把罢工继续下去。if the demands they put forward are turned down为条件状语从句。在条件状语从句中用一般现在时表将来。从主句“will go on”可推断出if从句中应为一般现在时，故选C。
2．Class regulations require ________ is the last to leave the classroom ________ off all the lights.
A．who；should turn
B．whom；shall turn
C．whomever；turns
D．whoever；turn
解析：选D。考查主语从句和虚拟语气。whoever引导主语从句；同时“________ is the last to leave the classroom ________ off all the lights”在句中作require的宾语，从句要用虚拟语气，结构是“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。
3．The captain urged that the mission ________ before dark.
A．must be finished
B．be finished
C．ought to be finished
D．was finished
解析：选B。考查虚拟语气。urge表“极力主张，强烈要求，强调”，引导that从句，要使用虚拟语气，形式为should＋do，should可以省略。根据题意，本题正确答案为B。
4．The look on his face suggested that he ________ angry and we ________ him alone.
A．was；left
B．was；should leave
C．should be；should leave
D．should be；left
解析：选B。前面的suggest当“暗示”讲，故从句的前半句要用陈述语气，而后面表示提“建议”，故要用should＋do。
Ⅳ.语法专练
1．(·高考北京卷)Maybe if I ________ science，and not literature then，I would be able to give you more help.
A．studied
B．would study
C．had studied
D．was studying
解析：选C。句意：或许如果当初我学习理科而不是文学的话，我(现在)就能给你更多的帮助。根据从句中的状语then可知，从句表示对过去情况的虚拟，根据与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句的表达方法可知，条件状语从句中应该用“had done”。因此选项C正确。A项表示与现在或者将来相反的虚拟条件；B项和D项不能表示虚拟语气。
2．—Why didn’t you tell me the truth that day?
—I ________，but you ________ for Shanghai when I went to see you.
A．did；would leave
B．would；had been away
C．would have；had left
D．had；were away
解析：选C。考查含蓄虚拟语气和时态。but引导的句子交代了含蓄的条件“假如你没有动身去上海的话”，所以第一空要用would have done结构，此处省略了told you the truth；第二空中的动作发生在从句动作“went to see you”以前，属于过去的过去，应该用过去完成时。
3．(2024·河南模拟)—Mary，how did your math test go?
—I had thought I ________，but in fact I came in the top 10 in my class.
A．should have failed
B．couldn’t have failed
C．might have failed
D．shouldn’t have failed
解析：选C。考查情态动词的用法。might have done表示对过去发生的事情的猜测或担心，意思是“或许会……”，而事实上不一定如此。
4．(2024·潍坊教学检测)How I wish I ________ my mouth before I shouted at my mum!
A．shut
B．have shut
C．had shut
D．would shut
解析：选C。考查虚拟语气。wish后跟从句，从句要用虚拟语气，因为后面是过去时，故此处表示与过去事实相反，要用过去完成时。
5．—Why didn’t you go to Mike’s birthday party yesterday?
—Well，I ________，but I forgot it.
A．should
B．would
C．should have
D．must have
解析：选C。should have done表示“过去本应该做某事(却没有做)”。must have done则用于表示对过去所发生事情的肯定猜测。
6．—Dad，can I surf the Internet?
—Again？I wish that you ________ going online________ your health.
A．know；will do harm to
B．knew；is doing harm to
C．know；have done harm to
D．knew；were doing harm to
解析：选B。本题中wish后的宾语从句通常用虚拟语气，表示与事实相反或不太可能实现的愿望。
7．________ it rain tomorrow，we would have to ________ the picnic.
A．Would；put forward
B．Should；call off
C．Were；put off
D．Should；put up
解析：选B。put forward意为“提出”；call off意为“取消”；put up意为“举起”。根据句意可排除A和D两项；were不能和动词原形rain连用，排除C。此句实际上是一个对将来表示虚拟的句型，即If＋主语＋should＋动词＋其他，主语＋would＋动词＋其他。如果if被省略，则要将should提到句首。
8．So you have to leave.How nice it ________ if you ________ a bit longer!
A．would be；could stay
B．is；can stay
C．should be；stay
D．was；are able to stay
解析：选A。句意为：这么说你得离开了。要是你能多呆会儿那该多好啊！从第一句可知，对方不能再呆了，所以后边应用与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，从句用过去时，主句用(情态动词＋)动词原形。
9．Jenny ________ her word.I wonder why she changed her mind.
A．must have kept
B．can have kept
C．should have kept
D．needn’t have kept
解析：选C。考查“情态动词＋have done”的用法。这里表示“过去本该做……，(而实际上)却没有做……”应该用should have done结构。
10．Look at the terrible situation I am in！If only I ________ your advice.
A．follow
B．had followed
C．would follow
D．have followed
解析：选B。此处是对过去事实的虚拟，if only后的句子应用过去完成时。
