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8）方式状语从句 主句 + as / as if + clause
e.g. ① Let’s study as Lenin studied.
② He spoke as if he were a professor.
9）比较状语从句
（1）同级比较状语从句
S. + v. (+ not) + as / so + adj. / adv. + as + clause e.g.
① He works as hard as Jack.
② The police were not as / so light-hearted
as Tom.
(2)
比较级状语从句
S. + v. (+ no) + adj.-er /adv.-er + than + clause
e.g.
① He can jump higher than I.
② There are more students in Class One
than in Class Two.
③ It is no more hot today than yesterday.
(3)
表示递进的比较状语从句
The + adj.-er / adv.-er +, + the + adj.-er / adv.-er e.g.
The harder he works, the happier he is. (4)表示最高级概念的比较状语从句
否定意义主语 + v. + adj. / adv + as + clause
否定意义主语 + v. + adj. / adv. + than + clause
e.g.
① Nobody is so sly (狡猾) as he is.
② No one studies harder than he does. 6． 同位语从句 主句主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + that + clause 主句主语 +
that + clause + 主句谓语 e.g. ①
We all know the fact that the earth
moves around the sun.
②
The news that the Chinese women’s
volleyball team has won the world’s
championship soon spread over the
whole country. 十二.
强调句结构 It is / was + 被强调部分 + that + 句子剩余部分
Note:
1. 本结构用于强调除谓语以外的句子成分。要
强调谓语动词可用: S. + do/does/did + V.+…
2. 原因状语从句被强调时只可由because引导。
3. 含not … until… 的复合句套用：
It is / was not until … that …
(被强调部分用陈述语序) e.g.
① It was your sister that I met in the zoo
yesterday. ② It was yesterday that I met your sister
in the zoo.
9) He was very tired, and therefore he fell
sound asleep. 10) We must hurry, or we’ll be late. 11) Either he is wrong or you are wrong. 12) He doesn’t know her, nor do I. 13) Not only was my mother angry, but my
father also. 十一. 复合句结构 1.
主语从句结构：
1） 连接代词/副词 + 从句 + 主句谓语部分
== It + 主句谓语部分 + 连接代词/副词 + 从句
(常用连词 that; whether; who; whom; whose;
which; when; where; why; how) e.g.
1) That we love peace is known to all.
==It is known to all that we love peace.
2) Whether we can solve the difficulty still
remains a question.
==It still remains a question whether we
can solve the difficulty.
3) Whose composition is better is hard to say.
==It is hard to say whose composition is
better.
4) Where we’ll spend the summer holidays has
not been decided.
==It hasn’t been decided where we’ll spend
the summer holidays.
2） What + 主语和及物动词谓语 + 主句谓语部分
e.g.
(1) What he said is not true.
(2) What we are doing is for building
socialism.
Whoever 3） Whatever
+ 主语从句 + 主句谓语部分
Whichever
e.g.
(1) Whoever wants to go may go at once.
(2) Whatever is worth doing at all is worth
doing well.
happened
seems
4）It +
is a pity
+
that-clause
is said
is reported e.g.
(1) It happened that he was ill when we
found him.
(2) It seems that she doesn’t like her job.
(3) It’s a pity that she has gone abroad.
(4) It is said / reported that our women’s
football team had won again.
2.表语从句结构
that
连词
if
主语 +
whether
+
clause
连接代词( who; whom; which; what）
连接副词(when; where; why; how)
e.g.
1) His suggestion is that we go to Beijing
to spend our holidays.
2) That is just what he wants.
3) The question is who will have a try first.
4) That is why the bat never fly out in the
daytime.
5) The problem is whether we can find each
other at the station. 3. 宾语从句结构 1)
S. + vt. + that-clause
e.g. ① I wish I could enter college.
② The king replied that he would set him
free. 2)
S. + vt. + if / whether-clause
e.g. ① The teacher asked if anyone was absent.
② I wonder whether he will come ( or not ).
3)
S. + vt. + 连接代词/副词 + clause
e.g. ① He asked which exercise is the most difficult.
② No one knows what they are fighting about.
4)
S. + vt. + sb. + 连接代词/副词 + clause
e.g. ① He didn’t tell me where he lived.
② Didn’t she tell you when we should start?
5)
主谓结构 + prep. + clause
e.g.
① She should be praised for what she has
done.
② The boss paid the workers according to
how much they had done for him. 6)
S. + vt. + to短语 + that-clause
e.g.
He explained to us that he had failed to
catch the first bus. 7)
S. + vt. + it + adj. / n. + clause
e.g. ① We felt it strange that she could leave
without saying good-bye.
② We thought it a shame that they fought
each other in class. 4. 定语从句结构
1)
主句主语 + 关系代词/副词 + clause
+ 主句谓语
e.g.
① The man who is standing by the door
is our English teacher.
② The watch
(which / that ) I bought
yesterday is made in Swiss.
③ The days when we were cheated are
gone for ever.
2)
主句 + 关系代词/副词+ clause
e.g.① This is the girl whose father died in the
flood.
② I’ll never forget the day when I joined
the Party. 3)
主句中的被修饰词 +
prep. + 关系代词 + clause
e.g. ① The earth on which we live is a big ball.
② We visited the house in which chairman
Mao once lived. 4) 非限定性定语从句：
which
who
主句中的被修饰词 + , +
whom
+
clause
whose + n.
where e.g.
①
Wang Hai’s father, who works in
Nanjing,
has come back home.
② We visited the industrial exhibition,
where we saw a lot of foreign guests.
5. 状语从句结构： 1) 时间状语从句
(1)
conj. + clause + , + 主句
主句 + conj. + clause
(用于此类从句的连词有：when, while, as,
before, after, since, until, as soon as)
e.g.
① when he saw his mother, the boy began
to cry.
② I’ll write to you as soon as I get there.
(2)
S. + had no sooner + done + than + clause
No sooner had + S. + done + than + clause e.g.
The bell had no sooner rung than the
teacher walked into the classroom.
==No sooner had the bell rung than the
teacher walked into the classroom.
(3)
Hardly + had + S. + done + when / before + clause
S. + had + hardly + done + when / before + clause e.g.
Hardly had I got home when / before it began to
rain.
==I had hardly got home when / before it began
to rain.
(4)
Scarcely + had + S. + done + when / before + clause
S. + had + scarcely + done + when / before + clause
e.g.
Scarcely had he got to bed when / before he fell to
sleep.
== He had scarcely got to bed when / before he
fell to sleep. 2)
地点状语从句
主句 + where(ever) + 从句 Where(ver) + 从句+，+ 主句
e.g.
① I lost my pen where I wrote my composition.
②
Wherever we are sent to work,
we should
work hard.
3）原因状语从句
Because / As / Since / Now that + 从句，+主句
主句 + because / as / since / now that + 从句
e.g.
① He didn’t go to the meeting because he was ill.
② As it is going to rain, you’d better stay at home. 4）条件状语从句
If / Unless / As long as + clause +, + 主句 主句 + if / unless / as long as + 从句
e.g.
① You are sure to succeed if you work hard.
② As / So long as we keep calm, we can find
a way out. 5）结果状语从句 ① 主句 +
that / so that
+ 从句 ② S. + v. + so + adj. / adv. + that-clause ③ S. + v. + such (a) + adj. + n. + that-clause ④ S. + v. + so + adj. (+ a ) + n. + that-clause e.g.
① She is so kind to us that we all love her. ② He spoke so quickly that nobody could
follow him. ③ She gave us such an excellent lecture that
everybody admired him.
==She gave us so excellent a lecture that
everybody admired him.
6）目的状语从句
that
so that 主句 +
in order that
+ 从句
in case
e.g.
We took the front seats in order that we
could hear clearly. 7）让步状语从句
（1）
conj. + clause +, + 主句
==主句 + conj. + clause
adj.
（2） adv. + as / though + 从句 + 主句
n.
常用连词有： though (although)
“虽然”
even if/though
“即使” whether … or …
“不管事…还是…” whoever (no matter who ）
“无论谁”
whatever (no matter what )
“无论什么” whichever (no matter which ) “无论哪个” whenever ( no matter when)
“无论何时” wherever ( no matter where)
“无论何地” 7）让步状语从句 e.g.
① She took care of the patients though she
herself was also ill.
② No matter where you go, you must find
time to study.
③ Young as he is, he knows a lot.
五．复合宾语结构
主语+（及物动词）谓语+复合宾语
Notes: 1．复合宾语是指“宾语+宾语补足语”。
宾语和其补足语之间存在着逻辑上的
主谓关系。 2．可作宾语补足语的有：名词，形容词，
副词，介词短语，动词不定时，现在
分词，过去分词。 3．常见句型：
1) S. + vt. + n. / pron. + n.
call
get
beat
find
2) S. + vt.
drive + n. / pron. + adj.
wish
prove
leave
make
feel
find
3) S.+ vt.
make +it + n./adj. + for/of sb. to do /doing
think
consider
4) S. + vt. + adj. / n. + that clause
n.
5) S. + vt. + pron. + to be + adj./n.
clause
6) S. + vt. + object + to do
feel
hear
listen to
make
let
7)
S. + vt.
see
+ object + do
look at
watch
notice
observe
8)
S. + vt. + object + doing
9)
S. + vt. + object + done 10)
S. + vt. + object + W + to do
11)
S. + vt. + object + adv. 12)
S. + vt. + sb. / one’s + doing
13)
S. + vt. + object + prep. ph.
1) 我们选他作班长。
We elected him monitor of our class. 2) 男孩把门踢开了。
The boy kicked the door open. 3)我认为他相信她是愚蠢的。
I think it foolish of him to believe her. 4) 我们认为你最好是按时吃药。
We thought it better for you to take the medicine in time. 5) 我认为他放弃学习英语非常可惜。
I consider it a pity that he has given up
studying English.
6) 他想要她成为歌手。
He wanted her to be a singer. 7) 他相信她的话是真的。
He believes what she said to be true. 10) 医生建议他做手术。
The doctor advised him to have an operation. 11) 老板让工人们工作很长时间。
The boss made the workers work long hours. 12) 我们发现男孩在街上哭。
We found the boy crying in the street. 13)你听过用英语唱这首歌吗？
Have you ever heard this song sung in English? 14) 农民们教我们割麦子。
The farmers showed us how to cut wheat.
15) 你有没有他们在里面？
Did you find them in? 16) 你是否介意我把窗户关上？
