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重庆市2024高考英语阅读理解选编（97）（附解析）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项。
There are various reasons why cancers appear to be on the increase. For one thing, though their sufferers are to be found in all age groups, cancers are particularly likely to attack persons in their middle and advanced years. Naturally, since people live longer these years, there are more cancer sufferers than before. Again, with better methods of diagnosis (诊断), doctors can more easily recognize cancerous growths that would formerly have passed unnoticed or that would have been wrongly diagnosed. It is also believed that certain habits and conditions of modem living, including heavy smoking and the pollution of the air, may leave people living in more cancer-causing conditions than before.
We all look forward to the day when a simple medical test can find cancer while it is still small. Researchers around the world are working on such a test. Most of their work deals with the examination of the blood.
Researchers in Boston have found something in the blood of cancer patients that does not appear in healthy persons. The test showed which persons had cancer and which did not. It was correct more than 90 percent of the time.
The researchers believe the test may be able to show cancer very clearly in its development. Cancers discovered early usually can be treated successfully.
The test examines very small bits of fat in the blood called lipids (脂质). Cancers seem to change lipids although doctors do not know why. The test showed differences between the lipids of the persons with cancer and the lipids of those without cancer.
The researchers say the new test could be a step to develop a simple way to check patients for cancer before the disease shows on an X-ray.
1. Who will fail cancer from the study of the researchers?
A. The young.
B. The middle age and the older.
C. The man.
D. The woman.
2. The underlined words "such a test" refer to________.
A. the test that shows which persons have cancer and which don’t
.
B. the test that may be able to show cancer very early in its development,.
C. a simple medical test that cannot find cancer when it is -small
D. a new test that could be a step to develop a difficult way
3. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?
A. Cancers have much to do with something in patients’ blood.
B. People living in better conditions are most likely to be attacked by cancer.
C.X-raying is the best way to determined whether a person has cancer or not.
D. Cancers have nothing to do with a person’s habits and living conditions.
4. What would be the best title for the passage?
A. A simple way to cancer
B. Cancers can be cured
C. How to find cancer
D. Early discovery of cancer
1. B 细节题。从第一段中的cancers are particularly likely to attack persons in their middle and advanced years可以知道癌症尤其容易在中年人和老年人的身体上发生。
2. B 词义题。第二段中的a simple medical test can find cancer while it is still small；test与后面的such a test指的是同样的一种方法，所以这里的test指的是上句的“用最简单的方法诊断早期的癌症”。
3. A 细节题。第三段中提到了cancer病人血液中的有些东西在健康人中没有，并且百分之九十以上的情况是这样的。B项与D项的意思与文章第一段中的certain habits and conditions of modern living including heavy smoking and pollution of the air may leave people living in more cancer-causing conditions不符；C项内容与文章最后一段的意思不符。
4. D 主旨题。文章在开头就交代了写作的目的，有各种不同的理由说明了为什么癌症似乎在上升，而从后面的几段我们知道科学家们正在研究一种新的早期诊断cancer的方法。
阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。
For high school leavers starting out in the working world, it is very important to learn particular skills and practice how to behave in an interview or how to find an internship(实习). In some countries, schools have programs to help students onto the path to work. In the United States, however, such programs are still few and far behind.
Research shows that if high schools provide career-related courses, students are likely to get higher earnings in later years. The students are more likely to stay in school, graduate and go on to higher education.
In Germany, students as young as 13 and 14 are expected to do internships. German companies work with schools to make sure that young people get the education they need for future employment.
But in America, education reform programs focus on how well students do in exams instead of bringing them into contact with the working world. Harvard Education school professor Robert Schwartz has criticized education reformers for trying to place all graduates directly on the four-year college track. Schwartz argued that this approach leaves the country’s most vulnerable(易受影响的)kids with no jobs and no skills.
Schwartz believed that the best career programs encourage kids to go for higher education while also teach them valuable practical skills at high school. James Madison High School in New York, for example, encourages students to choose classes on career-based courses. The school then helps them gain on-the-job experience in those fields while they’re still at high school.
However, even for teens whose schools encourage them to connect with work, the job market is daunting. In the US, unemployment rates for 16-to-19-year-olds are above 20 percent for the third summer in a row.
“The risk is that if teenagers miss out on the summer job experience, they will become part of this generation of teens who had trouble in landing a job, ”said Michael, a researcher in the US.
【文章大意】文章通过与德国中学情况的比较, 说明在美国中学里很缺乏有关职业生涯的基本课程。
1. In the author’s opinion, American high school leavers .
A. have enough career-related courses
B. need more career advice from their schools
C. perform better in exams than German students
D. can get higher earnings in later years
【解析】选B。作者观点题。根据第四段内容可知。
. What can be inferred from the text?
A. Unemployment rates for US teenagers remain high at the moment.
B. Students with career-based courses never have problems finding a job.
C. US companies work with schools to prepare young people for future employment.
D. High school leavers with no practical skills can’t find a job absolutely.
【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第六段的In the US, unemployment rates for 16-to-19-year-olds are above 20 percent for the third summer in a row. 推出答案。
3. What’s the main idea of the text?
A. Arguments about recent US education reform.
B. Tips on finding jobs for high school leavers.
C. The lack of career-based courses in US high schools.
D. Advice for American high school leavers.
【解析】选C。主旨大意题。文章第一段的In some countries, schools have programs to help students onto the path to work. In the United States, however, such programs are still few and far behind. 点出了主题。
. The underlined word“daunting”in Paragraph 6 most probably means“ ”.
A. discouragingB. interesting
C. creative
D. unbearable
【解析】选A。词义猜测题。从下文的In the US, unemployment rates for 16-to-19-year-olds are above 20 percent for the third summer in a row. 可猜出词义。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。The Coral Sea is home to an amazing variety of turtles, sharks, whales, dolphins, large fish, birds, corals, plants, and many other species. Many of these species are endangered elsewhere in the world, but still survive in the healthy environment of the Coral Sea.
The Coral Sea is a large series of coral reefs located off the northeast coast of Australia. This area is three times larger than Australia’s famous Great Barrier Reef, which the Coral Sea borders.
The Coral Sea is one of the few coral reef environments that have remained largely undamaged by over-fishing, oil and gas exploration and pollution. However, statistics show that coral reefs around the world are disappearing five times faster than rainforests. It is very likely that in the near future the Coral Sea will face the same threats to its existence.
The Australian government is currently looking at options for protecting the Coral Sea but has made no decisions. Environmentalists are pushing for laws to declare the Coral Sea area a marine protected area. This would mean a large “no-take zone” for fishermen, a no-exploration zone for gas and oil companies and a no-dump zone for pollution. This would make the Coral Sea a marine park larger than any in the world.
We can write letters to Australian leaders, Australian environmental protection agencies, and Australian friends, to let them know that people worldwide support this protection of the Coral Sea. To lose this last great marine wildness would be a loss for the whole world.
For more information, CLICK here please.
1. What is the author’s purpose in writing this passage?
A. To teach people how to protect the Coral Sea.
B. To call for the public awareness to protect the Coral Sea.
C. To show the amazing features of the Coral Sea.
D. To explain the function of the Coral Sea.
2. Which of the following is not mentioned in the passage?
A. The reason for protecting the Coral Sea.
B. The way to protect the Coral Sea.
C. The location of the Coral Sea.
D. The money-raising for saving the Coral Sea.
3. What is the most important reason for protecting the Coral Sea?
A. The Coral Sea, home to many species, will disappear soon.
B. The Coral Sea is rich in oil and gas.
C. The Coral Sea is three times larger than Great Barrier Reef.
D. The Coral Sea will be a marine park larger than any in the world.
4. You can most probably read this passage ___________.
A. in a guidebook.
B. on a website.
C. in a science textbook.
D. on a TV show.
B篇：【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章说明了珊瑚海的重要性并呼吁人们保护它。
1.B【命题立意】推理判断题。考查考生对作者意图的理解能力。
【试题解析】根据最后一段中“to let them know that people worldwide support this protection of the Coral Sea”可知。
2.D【命题立意】细节理解题。考查考生对具体信息的理解和提取能力
【试题解析】根据文章内容可知，D 为无关选项。
3.A【命题立意】细节理解题。考查考生对具体信息的理解和提取能力。
【试题解析】根据文章第三段第二句和第三句可知
4.B【命题立意】推理判断题。考查考生对具体信息的理解和推理判断能力
【试题解析】根据文章最后一句中的“CLICK here”可知。
【长春市普通高中2024届高三质量监测（二）]C
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。One of the biggest social issues in Japan is the increasingly low marriage rate among young people and the small birth rate, which led to an aging and eventually shrinking（萎缩） population. Most young Japanese women simply don’t seem interested in having many children.
Now what began in Japan is happening globally. As David Brooks wrote, birth rate is becoming smaller in much of the world, from Iran — 1.7 births rate per woman — to Russian, where low birth rates connected with high death rates mean the population is already shrinking. And this includes US, which has long had higher birth rates than most developed nations. Aging countries will face the burden of caring for large elderly populations without a larger resource of young workers.
It’s true that global aging is going to present some major challenges. Who will take care of the elderly? Will an older world be less active and slower to change and adapt? It’s all true. Sometimes I worry about a coming generational war over resources, just as I worry about how I will take care of my own parents in their old age, just as I worry about who might take care of me.
But here’s the thing: an older world may have less pressure on the environment. As we all know, the environment is the real victim of overpopulation.
So maybe a world that grows slower and grows older will put less pressure on the environment, and buy us a few more years to ensure our energy use, along with our birthrates, reaches a sustainable（可持续的）level. After all, we’re supposed to get smarter as we got older. Hopefully that holds true for the planet as well.
1. The population issue in Japan was mentioned to ___________.
A. show young people’s preference to marriage
B. introduce the topic of global birth rate becoming smaller
C. indicate the deeper cause of Japan’s depression
D. emphasize the revolution of Japanese women
2. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to David Brook?
A. The birth rates all over the world are becoming smaller.
B. The most developed countries have higher death rates.
C. America is the only developed country with higher birth rate.
D. Birth rate’s becoming smaller means a great risk to aging countries.
3. Which will be caused by low birth rates according to the passage?
A. Aging society.
B. Environmental problems.
C. High death rates.
D. Low employment rates.
4. What’s the author’s attitude to the worldwide birth rates becoming smaller?
A. Anxious.
B. Disappointed.
C. Hopeful.
D. Doubtful.
C篇：【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，老龄化国家将面临着照顾大量老龄人口的重负。
对于地球而言也有利的一面——给环境带来更少的压力，使我们赢得
更多的时间，以确保能源消耗和生育率达到一个可持续的水平。
1.B【命题立意】推理判断题。考查考生对具体信息的理解和推理判断能力。
【试题解析】由题干中的The population issue in Japan 定位到第一段，结合第二段首
句可知。
2.D【命题立意】细节理解题。考查考生对具体信息的理解和提取能力。
【试题解析】由题干中的David Brooks 定位到第二段。生育率降低对老龄化国家意味着重负和风险。
3.A【命题立意】推理判断题。考查考生对具体信息的理解和推理判断能力。
【试题解析】根据文章内容可知出生率过低会导致社会老龄化，其他三个选项均与此题无关。
4.C【命题立意】推理判断题。考查考生对作者态度的理解能力。
