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专题技能突破(47) 词汇之合成、转化
【技能讲解】 合成法——两个或两个以上的词合成一个新词的方法；转化法——不改变词形，把一个词由一种词性转用为另一种词性的方法。典例剖析1．合成
通过原来认识的词可以推测出新合成的词的意思，如：
teamwork 合作， underground 地铁，
fatherinlaw 岳父， updated 最新的，
illmannered 不礼貌的，
twofaced 两面派的，
ironwilled 有钢铁意志的，
airconditioner 空调，
alarm clock 闹钟，
bookmark 书签，
generation gap 代沟，
bank account 银行账户，
babysitter 看孩子的人。
2．转化
不改变词形，但改变词性，转化后的词意可能与原词义相关也可能不相关，需要有意地识记。如：
look v.→n. ＝ have a book
survey v. →n. ＝make a survey
walk v. →n. ＝take a walk
visit v. →n. ＝pay a visit
button n.→v. 扣钮扣
book n.→v. 预订
seat n.→v. 容纳
back n.→v. 支持
slow adj. →v. 减慢
warm adj. →v. 使温暖/暖和
narrow adj. →v. 缩小
private adj. →n. 士兵
plant v. →n. 工厂，植物
技能演练In most cities the sky looks as though it has been emptied of stars, leaving behind a vacant haze(霾) that mirrors our fear of the dark.[2024·浙江高考，C篇]
答案：v. 使成为空的，把……弄空 v. 反射，反映
2．Sharing bread, whether during a special occasion or at the family dinner table, is a common symbol of togetherness. [2024·安徽高考，E篇]
togetherness: ________
答案：n. 团结和睦
3．Surround yourself with people who uplift,_encourage and understand you! Group exercise is challenging, yet fun and empowering！[2024.福建高考，E篇]
答案：v. 使上升，振作 adj. 使有能力的，给予力量的
4．So one day, just to see what she would do, I gently placed one on top of the groundhog's head, Again, not a move.[2024·四川高考，完形]
答案：v. 放置 n. 移动
5．Then make sure the people you surround yourself with are supportive. Don't let negativity ruin your motivation.
negativity: ________
答案：n. 消极性
6．Several years ago I received a letter from seventeenyearold Kerry, who described herself as a worldclass faultfinder,_almost always bothered by things.[2024·福建高考，完形]
worldclass: ________
faultfinder: ________
答案：adj. 世界级的，国际水平的 n. 挑剔的人
7．When it comes to insect pests, red fire ants would probably top everyone's list.
top: ________
答案：vt. 居……之首，为……之冠
8．First, you should take an active part in the discussions and freely voice your opinion.
voice: ________
答案：vt. 用语言表达，说出
9．Yes, I was blessed; it wasn't a material one, but the kind that will warm my heart forever.
warm: ________.
答案：vt. 使温暖
10．Suddenly she felt tears flooded her eyes.
flood: ________
答案：vt. 大量涌入
专题技能突破(47) 词汇之合成、转化
【技能讲解】 合成法——两个或两个以上的词合成一个新词的方法；转化法——不改变词形，把一个词由一种词性转用为另一种词性的方法。典例剖析1．合成
通过原来认识的词可以推测出新合成的词的意思，如：
teamwork 合作， underground 地铁，
fatherinlaw 岳父， updated 最新的，
illmannered 不礼貌的，
twofaced 两面派的，
ironwilled 有钢铁意志的，
airconditioner 空调，
alarm clock 闹钟，
bookmark 书签，
generation gap 代沟，
bank account 银行账户，
babysitter 看孩子的人。
2．转化
不改变词形，但改变词性，转化后的词意可能与原词义相关也可能不相关，需要有意地识记。如：
look v.→n. ＝ have a book
survey v. →n. ＝make a survey
walk v. →n. ＝take a walk
visit v. →n. ＝pay a visit
button n.→v. 扣钮扣
book n.→v. 预订
seat n.→v. 容纳
back n.→v. 支持
slow adj. →v. 减慢
warm adj. →v. 使温暖/暖和
narrow adj. →v. 缩小
private adj. →n. 士兵
plant v. →n. 工厂，植物
技能演练In most cities the sky looks as though it has been emptied of stars, leaving behind a vacant haze(霾) that mirrors our fear of the dark.[2024·浙江高考，C篇]
答案：v. 使成为空的，把……弄空 v. 反射，反映
2．Sharing bread, whether during a special occasion or at the family dinner table, is a common symbol of togetherness. [2024·安徽高考，E篇]
togetherness: ________
答案：n. 团结和睦
3．Surround yourself with people who uplift,_encourage and understand you! Group exercise is challenging, yet fun and empowering！[2024.福建高考，E篇]
答案：v. 使上升，振作 adj. 使有能力的，给予力量的
4．So one day, just to see what she would do, I gently placed one on top of the groundhog's head, Again, not a move.[2024·四川高考，完形]
答案：v. 放置 n. 移动
5．Then make sure the people you surround yourself with are supportive. Don't let negativity ruin your motivation.
negativity: ________
答案：n. 消极性
6．Several years ago I received a letter from seventeenyearold Kerry, who described herself as a worldclass faultfinder,_almost always bothered by things.[2024·福建高考，完形]
worldclass: ________
faultfinder: ________
答案：adj. 世界级的，国际水平的 n. 挑剔的人
7．When it comes to insect pests, red fire ants would probably top everyone's list.
top: ________
答案：vt. 居……之首，为……之冠
8．First, you should take an active part in the discussions and freely voice your opinion.
voice: ________
答案：vt. 用语言表达，说出
9．Yes, I was blessed; it wasn't a material one, but the kind that will warm my heart forever.
warm: ________.
答案：vt. 使温暖
10．Suddenly she felt tears flooded her eyes.
flood: ________
答案：vt. 大量涌入
