【简介】感谢网友“雕龙文库”参与投稿,这里小编给大家分享一些,方便大家学习。
SBⅠUnits 9-10
课文原句高考对照
课文原句高考对照 课文原句高考对照
Cellphones, or mobile phones, make it possible for us to talk to anyone from anywhere.
手机让我们能够在任何地方跟任何人讲话。
He didn't make ______ clear when and
where the meeting would be held.(2007天津
卷)
this
B. that
C. it
D. these
解析:选C。句意:他没说清楚会议将于何时、何地举行
。依题干句式结构,make后缺形式宾语。四个选项中只有C
项it能在句子中作形式主语或宾语。在句型结构“make+it+形
容词+for+sb.+to do”之中,it为形式宾语,其后的动词不定式
复合结构为真正的宾语,而其中的形容词(如:课文原句中的
possible)在句中作宾语补足语。
课文原句高考对照 课文原句高考对照
Cellphones, or mobile phones, make it possible for us to talk to anyone from anywhere.
手机让我们能够在任何地方跟任何人讲话。
The fact that she was foreign made ______
difficult for her to get a job in that country. (2010辽
宁卷)
A. so
B. much
C. that
D. it
解析:选D。句意:她是外国人的事实让她在那个
国家找份工作很难。
课文原句高考对照 课文原句高考对照
If we want to live a better life and have a bright future, we must learn to act in ways that do not harm other living things.
如果我们想过较好的生活并有光明的未来,我们必须学会避免伤害其他生物。
If we sit near ______ front of the bus, we'll
have ______ better view. (2010山东卷)
A. /; the
B. /; a
C. the; a
D. the; the
解析:选C。
课文原句高考对照 课文原句高考对照
If we want to live a better life and have a bright future, we must learn to act in ways that do not harm other living things.
如果我们想过较好的生活并有光明的未来,我们必须学会避免伤害其他生物。
Your story is perfect; I've never heard
______ before.(2006全国卷Ⅱ)
A. the better one
B. the best one
C. a better one
D. a good one
解析:选C。形容词比较级表示两种事物的
比较,a better one表示“比较好的一个”,用
于否定句,在句中表示没有比你讲的故事再
好的了。
课文原句高考对照 课文原句高考对照
…repair them when they break down, and do everything Q12 tells them to.
……当他们出故障时修理他们,做Q12要他们做的每一件事。
— How about your journey to Mount
Emei?
— Everything was wonderful except that
our car ______ twice on the way. (2009四川
卷)
A. slowed down
B. broke down
C. got down
D. put down
解析:选B。break down 出故障;坏掉。
语法精讲
——形容词和副词
1.形容词和副词原级、比较级、最高级的用法。
2.与形容词、副词有关的句型,如:“the+比较级,the+比较级”的用法和倍数的表达方法。
3.多个形容词作定语的顺序、位置(尤其是后置)。
4.近义形容词和副词的辨析。
形容词和副词的基本用法
(一)形容词的用法及位置
1.作定语。作定语时一般前置,但修饰不定代词及形容词短语作定语时后置。
例如:
There is something wrong with my bike.
我的自行车坏了。
There is a full bottle of water on the table.
桌子上有一满瓶水。
注:
多个形容词修饰名词作定语时的顺序是:
限定词(limited)+观点词(opinion)+形状大小词(shape)+年龄新旧词(age)+颜色词(colour)+国籍来源词(original)+材料词(material)+中心名词
说明:
(1)上述多个词修饰名词的顺序可用LOPSHACOM来记忆。口诀:萝卜丝哈啃。
(2)限定词指a, the, this, that, these, those及物主代词。
(3)如有序数词,放在限定词的后面。例如:
the first beautiful little white Chinese stone bridge
第一座美丽的、小的、白色的中国石桥
2.作表语。作表语时用在连系动词be, become, get, grow, feel, look, appear, prove, seem, keep, fall, smell, taste, sound, turn, remain等的后面。例如:
The music sounds beautiful.这首音乐听起来不错。
注:一些以a-开头的形容词如afraid, alone, alive, asleep, awake, ashamed, absent等只能作表语,一般不能作定语。如果作定语,通常作后置定语,如果这些形容词前有副词修饰,也可作前置定语。
He is the only person alive in the family.
他是这个家族中唯一活着的人。
She is a fast asleep girl.
她是一位一睡就睡得很沉的姑娘。
I haven’t seen so interesting a film as this for years.
我很多年都没有看过这样有趣的电影了。
3.作宾语补足语。例如:
I found it interesting to swim in summer.
我发现夏天游泳很有趣。
4.作状语。表示伴随、原因、结果等。例如:
The old man lay in bed, cold and hungry. (表伴随)
这位老人躺在床上,又冷又饿。
Curious, we went into the hole. (表原因)
因为好奇,我们走进这个洞里。
The goat rolled over, dead.(表结果)
这只山羊翻滚着,死了。
(二)副词的用法
1.作状语。修饰动词、形容词、副词、介词短语或整个句子。例如:
The professor was warmly welcomed by the students.
这位教授受到学生的热烈欢迎。
Don’t walk that (=so) fast.
别走得那么快。
Luckily, he was not hurt in the accident.
幸好,他在事故中没受伤。
2.作表语。作表语的副词一般与介词同形。例如:
I must be off now.
我现在必须得走。
What’s on tonight?
今晚有什么节目?
3.作宾语补足语。例如:
When we came into his house, we found him out.
我们走进他的房子时,发现他出去了。
4.作定语。例如:
The people there are very kind to us.
这儿的人对我们很友好。
注:enough修饰形容词或副词要后置。例如:
Students brave enough to take this adventure course will certainly learn a lot of useful skills.
勇于参加上次冒险课的学生将一定能学到很多有用的技能。
形容词与副词原级、比较级和最高级的用法
(一)原级的用法
1.形容词和副词的原级只强调本身性质,不与其他事物相比较。原级多用very, quite, completely, entirely等副词修饰。
例如:
What you said was quite right.
你们说得很对。
Tired of the long walk, he moved very slowly.
长途跋涉很累,他走得很慢。
2.“A+谓语动词+as+原级+as + B”或“A+谓语动词+ as +adj.+ a/an +n.+ as + B”表示一方和另一方“同一程度”或“相等”。例如:
This room is as large as that one.
这个房间和那个一样大。
(二)比较级的用法
1.“A+谓语动词+比较级+ than + B ”表示一方超过另一方。例如:
Mary is thinner than the other girls.
玛丽比其他的女孩瘦。
Which do you like better, the red one or the blue one? (没有用than,因为被比较的对象一目了然)
你更喜欢哪一个,红的还是蓝的?
2.表示“一方不如另一方”可用下面三种方式表达。
A+谓语动词+not+比较级+ than +B
=A+谓语动词+less+原级+ than +B
=A+谓语动词+not as/so+原级+ as +B
Mary is not more careful than Jane.
= Mary is less careful than Jane.
= Mary is not as/so careful as Jane.
玛丽不像简那么认真。
注:(1)“A+谓语动词+no+比较级+ than +B”意为“A和B都不……”,不但否定前者,而且否定后者。例如:
He is no richer than I. 他和我都不富裕。
注:(2)比较级前常用even, still, much, far, by far, a lot, a great deal, a little, a bit, slightly, any, no, …percent, …times, …years等一些表示程度或数量的状语修饰。例如:
This question is even/a bit/a lot difficult than that one.
这个问题甚至比那个问题难。/这个问题比那个问题难点儿。/这个问题比那个问题难多了。
3.倍数表示法:
①比较对象A+谓语动词+倍数+as+原级+as+比较对象B
Your pencil is twice as long as mine.
你的铅笔是我的2倍长。
②比较对象A+谓语动词+倍数+比较级+than+比较对象B
This room is four times larger than that one.
这个房间是那个的4倍大。
③比较对象A+谓语动词+倍数+the size/height/length/width/weight…+of+比较对象B
Our school is three times the size of theirs.
我们学校是他们学校面积的3倍大。
4.形容词比较级前一般不用冠词,但在两者比较的句型“the+形容词比较级+of…”中要用冠词。例如:
Of the two continents, Africa and Europe, Africa is the larger.
在非洲和欧洲这两大洲中,非洲较大。
5.“the+比较级+主语+谓语,the+比较级+主语+谓语”,表示一方随另一方的程度而变化。例如:
The harder he works, the happier he feels.
他工作越努力,他感觉越高兴。
(三)最高级的用法
最高级表示三者或三者以上事物之间的比较。形容词最高级前要加the,副词最高级前可省略。最高级后应有“in (of)…”等限定最高级的范围。常有以下句型:
1.“主语+the+最高级+范围状语”,表示“……最……”。
例如:
He is the cleverest student in our class.
他是我们班最聪明的学生。
She is the tallest of the three.
她是3个人中个子最高的。
2.“among/one of+ the+最高级+范围状语”表示“最……之一”。例如:
Shanghai is among/one of the biggest cities in the world.
上海是世界上最大的城市之一。
3.“the least+原级+范围状语”表示“……最没有/最不……”。例如:
This is the least interesting book I’ve ever read.
这是我看过的最没意思的一本书。
(四)三种比较级结构的换用
形容词或副词的三种比较级结构,即同级比较结构、比较级结构和最高级结构,有时可以换用。如:用同级比较结构表达最高级含义,用比较级句型表达最高级含义等。
比较级+ than + anything / anyone else
例如:
She loves music better than anything else.
= She loves music best.
她最喜欢音乐。
3.同级比较级结构或比较级句型中出现否定词no, never, nothing等,用来表达最高级含义。例如:
I have never seen as old a car as this.
= This is the oldest car I have ever seen.
这是我见过的最老的车。
I love nothing better than swimming.
= I love swimming best.
我最喜欢游泳。
() 1. Computers and mobile phones, though they are indeed making our life ______ and more ______, have reduced the need for face-to-face communications. (2010·江西卷)
A. easily; efficient
B. easier; efficient
C. easy; efficiently
D. easily; efficiently
B
考查形容词。句意:电脑和手机——的确使我们的生活变得更便捷、更高效——但它们已经减少了我们面对面交流的需要。make our life easier and more efficient 使我们的生活更便捷、更高效。reduce the need for 减少……的需要。
() 2. Jim went to answer the phone. ______, Harry started to prepare lunch. (2010·辽宁卷)
A. However
B. Nevertheless
C. Besides
D. MeanwhileD
考查副词。however和nevertheless “然而”,表示转折;besides “而且,还有”,表示附加;meanwhile “同时,其间”。句意为:Jim去接电话。与此同时,Harry去准备午饭。根据句意选D。
() 3. — Volunteering is becoming ______ popular in China.
— Yeah, people are now aware that helping others is helping themselves. (2010·福建卷)
A. naturally
B. successfully
C. splendidly
D. increasingly
D
考查副词。——志愿服务在中国正变得越来越普遍。——是的,人们现在意识到了帮助别人就是帮助自己。increasingly 越来越多地,符合题意。
() 4. The school was moved out of downtown as the number of students had grown too ______. (2010·四川卷)
A. small
B. few
C. large
D. many
C
考查形容词。修饰number的形容词可以是large或small,结合语意“因为学生数量增长过多,所以学校迁出了市区”可知答案为C。
() 5. The island is ______ attractive in spring and autumn because of the pleasant weather in both seasons. (2010·全国卷Ⅱ)
A. partly
B. merely
C. nearly
D. equally
D
partly 部分地;merely 仅仅;nearly 几乎;equally 平均地。由下文的both可知应选D。
书面表达:应用文写作技巧(二) 便条【要点概述】
便条是一种简单形式的书信,多用于熟人之间,因此,没有写条人地址、结束语等。它一般有日期、称呼、正文、签名。