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选修10 Unit 1 Nothing ventured,nothing gained &Unit 2 King Lear
核心单词
1. strengthen
vt.加强；巩固
The front army troops were strengthened by a large contingent of students from the military academy.
前线部队得到了一大批军事学院学员的增援。
The fence was strengthened with wire.
这围栏用金属丝加固了。
常用结构：
strengthen unity加强团结
strengthen one¡¯s determination坚定决心
strengthen national defence巩固国防
联想拓展：
strength n. 力量；力气；长处
高手过招
完成句子
①他建议使用氟化物来坚固牙齿。
He advises an application of fluoride to
the teeth.
②我试图攒足力气再多干一些活。
I¡¯m trying to summon up the
to do some more work.
③风在天黑后才会变强。
The wind won¡¯t
until after dark.
答案：①strengthen
②strength
③strengthen
2. stick
vt.刺，插；粘，贴
vi.刺入
A thorn stuck me in the hand. 一根刺扎在了我的手上。
Stick the broken pieces together with glue. 用胶水把碎片粘到一起。
I found a nail sticking in the tyre. 我发现一根钉子扎进了车胎。
常用结构：
stick in one¡¯s throat （骨头等）鲠在喉中；（话等）难以启齿
stick it out拼到底，坚持到底
stick on贴在¡¡上
stick out伸出
stick to坚持；遵循
易混辨析：
stick to/insist on/persist in
stick to坚持（原则/计划/诺言/决定/意见等）。
insist on坚持(意见/主张)。
persist in坚持(行动)，有时表示固执己见或坚持不改。
高手过招
翻译句子
①If we let him look after the money, I¡¯m afraid much of it will stick to his fingers.
如果我们把钱交给他保管，恐怕大部分都要被他侵吞掉。
②She stuck the stamp on the envelope.
她把邮票贴在信封上。
③He drove into a bog, where his wheels stuck fast.
他把车开进了一片沼泽地，轮子牢牢地陷在了里面。
3. rank
n.等级；军阶；地位；身份；社会阶层；军衔
v.把¡¡分等；把¡¡评级；排列，把¡¡排成列
They served everyone regardless of social rank.
他们为所有的人服务而不计较其社会地位。
He was promoted to the rank of Captain. 他被提升为上尉。
常用结构：
rank ...among/with... 把¡¡列在¡¡当中
rank ...as...把¡¡当作¡¡
break the rank打乱队形
in the front rank在第一排；在前列
keep rank保持队形
the rank and file普通士兵们；老百姓们
He can be ranked among the best students of this year.
他可能被评为本年度最优秀的学生之一。
Many people rank him as the greatest writer of the time.
很多人把他视为当代最伟大的作家。
易混辨析：
rank/class/order/grade
rank意为¡°阶级¡±，指陆军将校的阶级，也指一般的社会阶级，特指世袭的贵族阶级。
class意为¡°级¡±，以同一目的而聚合的、暂时的、经常变化的级，如学校的各班级、社会阶级等。
order意为¡°阶级¡±，指一般的社会阶级，并特指僧职的阶级。
grade意为¡°等级¡±，根据优劣而分，可指人也可指物，也指学校的评级。
高手过招
翻译句子
①The captain was promoted to the rank of major.
那位上尉被提升为少校。
②He is a physicist of the first rank.
他是位一流的物理学家。
③The soldiers stood in two ranks.
士兵站成了两排。
4. responsibility
n.责任；职责；负责
That means a lot of work and responsibility.
那意味着大量的工作和责任。
Taking care of a family is a big responsibility.
照顾全家是一项重大的责任。
常用结构：
take/have the responsibility for sth.对¡¡负责
联想拓展：
responsible adj.负责任的，对（某人）负责的
responsibly adv.负责任地；可靠地
respond vt.回答，反应；应答
response n.回答，应答
be responsible for对¡¡负责
make/give a response to对¡¡作出答复
高手过招
完成句子
①妇女生育孩子，还要负责照顾孩子。
Women bear children and
childcare.
②我们期待机构内的下层人士能承担更多的责任。
We would expect individuals lower down the organization to
more responsibilities.
③他对那个事故没有责任。
He has no responsibility
that accident.
④一家之父应该有更多的责任感。
The father of a family should have more
.
⑤你知道政府工作人员的职责吗？
Do you know the responsibilities
the government workers?
答案： ①take responsibility for②take on③for
④sense of responsibility⑤of
5. devotion
n.献身；忠心；专心；热爱
联想拓展：
devote vt.奉献；贡献
devoted adj.献身的；忠实的；挚爱的
devote oneself to+n.奉献给¡¡；致力于¡¡；献身于¡¡
devote + n.（人生、时间、劳力等）+to
奉献于¡¡；致力于¡¡
be devoted to献身于¡¡；忠心于¡¡
温馨提示：
devotion常与介词to搭配，构成短语：devotion to热爱¡¡；专心于¡¡；热心于¡¡。
The devotion of parents to their children is selfless.
父母对孩子的爱是无私的。
高手过招
完成句子
①法官赞扬消防人员的勇气和敬业精神。
The judge praised the firefighters for their bravery and
.
②人们会记住她对扶贫事业的无私奉献。
She will be remembered for her selfless
of the poor.
③他悉心照料母亲。
He cared for his mother
.
答案： ①devotion to duty
②devotion to the cause
③ with great devotion
6. adore
v. 崇拜；爱慕；喜爱（相当于worship, admire）
He adored his wife and children.
他深爱着他的妻儿。
常用结构:
adore sth./doing sth.喜欢某物/做某事
She adores going to the theatre. 她非常喜欢看戏剧。
adoration n.热爱；崇拜；爱慕
adorer n.崇拜者；赞美者
adorable adj.迷人的，可爱的
adoring adj.崇拜的；爱慕的
高手过招
用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空
①They
(adore) her as a living goddess.
②She adores
(visit) museums.
③I would adore
(settle) back homeland.
答案： ①adored
②visiting
③to settle
重点短语
7. hold on=hang up
别挂电话；坚持；继续
联想拓展：
hold out维持；坚持；抵抗；幸存
hold to坚持（原则，方向等）；紧握
hold on to紧紧抓住
hold up延误；耽搁；阻挡;承受
hold back 退缩；犹豫不定
hold off 抵住；挡住；拖延
hold on 等一等；坚持
hold together 团结一致
高手过招
完成句子
①他犹豫了，记起了自己以前犯下的错。
He
, remembering the mistake he had made before.
②他挡住了沃斯不久前的一次挑战，赢了他13秒。
He
a late challenge by Vose to win by thirteen seconds.
③等一会儿，我马上回来!
a minute, I¡¯ll be right back!
④该行业正设法留住有经验的工作人员。
The industry is trying to
experienced staff.
⑤英国军队抵挡住了不断的攻击。
British troops
against constant attacks.
答案：①held back
②held off
③Hold on
④hold on to
⑤held out
8. set out
陈述；着手；陈列
The reasons for my decision are set out in my report.
我在报告里逐项陈述了作出决定的原因。
When we set out on this project, we know it would be successful.
我们着手做这个项目时，就知道它一定会成功。
联想拓展：
set about sth./doing sth.着手某事/做某事
set back妨碍；阻碍
set down把¡¡放下来；写下；记下
set in(气候，季节等)开始
set off动身，出发；发射
set up竖起；创立
高手过招
完成句子
①这一事件无疑阻碍了研究。
This incident undoubtedly
the research.
②长途旅行出发前要检查一下燃油。
Check your oil before
on a long journey.
③这份文件阐明了我们对这项提案的反对意见。
This document
our objections to the proposal.
答案： ①set back
②setting off
③sets out
9. hand over to sb.
移交责任或权力给某人；把¡¡正式移交给某人
After handing over to his colleague, Mr Smith resigned from the firm.
史密斯先生把权力移交给他的同事后，向公司辞了职。
联想拓展：
hand sth. down to sb.把¡¡传给某人
hand sth. on to sb.把¡¡传给某人使用
hand sth. back to sb.归还某人某物
hand sth. in （to sb.）上交；呈交
高手过招
完成句子
①这些技术一直世代相传。
These skills have been
from generation to generation.
②把这本杂志传给你的朋友。
the magazine to your friends.
③她把课本发给新生。
She
textbooks
to the new students.
④你一定要按时交家庭作业。
Make sure you
your homework on time.
答案：①handed down②Hand on③handed; out④hand in
10. bring into...
把¡¡带到某处
Please bring all the clothes into your room before you go on a trip.去旅游前，请把所有的衣服收拾到你自己的房间里去。
After bringing the thief into the office, he went out alone.
把小偷带进办公室后他独自一人出去了。
联想拓展：
bring about使¡¡发生
bring down降低；使倒下
bring forth生产；分娩
bring forward把¡¡提前；提出¡¡
bring in获利；赚得；引进
bring on引起；导致；使发展；改善
bring up教育；养育；提出；引出；呕吐
bring out推销;推出
高手过招
完成句子
①劝捐带来很多捐款。
The charity appeal
many donations.
②很不幸，婴儿把吃的东西吐了出来。
Unfortunately, the baby
his dinner.
③他神经崩溃是压力所致。
His nervous breakdown was
by stress.
答案：①brought in
②brought up
③brought about
重点句型
11. I believe Shackleton must have mourned this unexpected end to his expedition, but he did not waste time on regrets.
我相信沙克尔顿肯定会对这次探险意想不到的结局而痛心，但他并没有浪费时间在遗憾和悔恨中。
must have done表示对过去事情的推测，而且是很有把握的推测。
He looked great. He must have enjoyed his holiday.
他看上去气色很好，一定是度过了一个开心的假期。
My coat isn¡¯t there, someone must have taken it by mistake. 我的外套不在那儿，一定是有人拿错了。
联想拓展：
许多情态动词之后跟have done时，都可能有两三种不同的含义，因此要注意根据状语、句子结构以及语境等因素对之进行分析、理解。
can¡¯t/couldn¡¯t have done不可能（对过去的事实作出判断，用于否定句）
could have done可能（已经）¡¡；本来可以¡¡(但没有做。表示：一是把握性不大的推测；二是与事实相反的建议。)
may/might have done可能（已经）¡¡（表示把握性不大的推测）
ought to/should have done本应该¡¡（而未做，与事实相反）
needn¡¯t have done本不需要做¡¡(却做了)
高手过招
完成句子
①地面是湿的，昨天晚上一定下雨了。
The road is wet. It
(rain) last night.
②你妈妈一定一直在找你。
Your mother
(look) for you.
