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活页练(七)单项填空＋完形填空＋阅读理解
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．After the flooding, people were suffering in that area，________urgently needed clean water，medicine and shelter to survive.(2024·江苏，22)
A．which
B．who
C．where
D．what
答案 B
解析 指人的先行词people在非限制性定语从句中充当主语，所以用关系代词who引导。故选B项。
2．A lot of language learning，________has been discovered，is happening in the first year of life，so parents should talk much to their children during that period.(2024·安徽，29)
A．as
B．it
C．which
D．this
答案 A
解析 句意为：正如被发现的那样，大量的语言学习是在人生的第一年发生的，所以父母应当在那个时期和孩子多说话。空白处所在句为非限制性定语从句，故B、D两项可排除。由句意知空格处的关系词指代a lot of language learning is happening in the first year of life这个句子。指代某个句子时，as引导的非限制性定语从句可后指或前指，而which引导的从句只能前指。此处为后指，因此A项正确。
3．We live in an age________more information is available with greater ease than ever before.
(2024·浙江，9)
A．why
B．when
C．to whom
D．on which
答案 B
解析 when引导定语从句，在从句中作时间状语，修饰先行词an age(时代)。
4．The air quality in the city，________ is shown in the report，has improved over the past two months.(2024·福建，23)
A．that
B．it
C．as
D．what
答案 C
解析 句意为：正如报告中所显示的，这个城市的空气质量在过去的两个月已经得到了改善。分析句子结构可知，两个逗号之间的部分为非限制性定语从句；that不能用于引导非限制性定语从句；it和what不能作定语从句的引导词。故选C项。
5．I wish to thank Professor Smith，without________help I would never have got this far.(2024·天津，7)
A．who
B．whose
C．whom
D．which
答案 B
解析 句意为：我想要感谢史密斯教授，没有他的帮助我就不会走得这么远。whose是关系代词，引导定语从句，表示“……的”。考生容易误选C项，因为只看到了without whom语意上相当于without Professor Smith，而忽略了题干中的help。若选C项的话，可去掉题干中的help。
6．It is the third time that she has won the race，________ has surprised us all.(2024·陕西，14)
A．that
B．where
C．which
D．what
答案 C
解析 考查定语从句。所填词前有逗号，是非限制性定语从句，先行词是整个主句，关系词在从句中作主语，故选C。其余选项与题干不符。
7．Care of the soul is a gradual process ________ even the small details of life should be considered.(2024·湖南，34)
A．what
B．in what
C．which
D．in which
答案 D
解析 句意为：心灵的护理是一个渐进的过程，在这个过程中，甚至生活中那些微小的细节都应该加以考虑。in which引导限制性定语从句，which代指前面的process。
8．When deeply absorbed in work，________he often was，he would forget all about eating or sleeping.(2024·北京，26)
A．that
B．which
C．where
D．when
答案 B
解析 句意为：当他全身心地投入工作中时，他就会废寝忘食，而他经常这样(全身心地投入工作)。由引导词前面的逗号可知，这是一个非限制性定语从句，所以首先排除that。由定语从句的was可知，定语从句缺少表语，所以排除在定语从句中作状语的where和when。故选B项。
9．By 16∶30，________was almost closing time，nearly all the paintings had been sold.(2024·江西，28)
A．which
B．when
C．what
D．that
答案 A
解析 从后面的closing time“打烊时间，停止营业时间”可以得知此句是在谈时间，但是此句中缺少主语，前面又有一个逗号，所以可以确定这里是一个非限制性定语从句，用which引导。
10．That evening，________I will tell you more about later，I ended up working very late.(2024·大纲全国Ⅱ，8)
A．that
B．which
C．what
D．when
答案 B
解析 句意为：那天晚上我一直工作到很晚，我过后会告诉你关于那晚更详细的情况。本题中两个逗号之间的部分是一个非限制性定语从句，关系代词which代替先行词that evening。解答本题的关键是能够正确分析句子结构。that不能引导非限制性定语从句；what不能引导定语从句；when在从句中作状语，不能作宾语。
11．The film brought the hours back to me ________ I was taken good care of in that faraway village.
A．until
B．that
C．when
D．where
答案 C
解析 本题考查分隔定语从句的关系词的选择。做好本题的关键是要能辨认出该定语从句的先行词the hours和关系词被介词短语back to me所分隔。定语从句的先行词是表时间的名词hours，并且关系词在从句中用作状语，故应选择表示时间的关系副词when。
12．Is there anyone in your class ________ family is in the country?
A．who
B．who’s
C．which
D．whose
答案 D
解析 whose引导定语从句，在从句中作主语family的定语。
13．I’m interested in ________ you have said.A．all that
B．all what
C．that
D．which
答案 A
解析 that引导定语从句，因为先行词是all，所以只能选用that引导。
14．I was given three books on cooking，the first ________ I really enjoyed.
A．of that
B．of which
C．that
D．which
答案 B
解析 从句还原成完整句子应该是“I really enjoyed the first of those.”故选of which。
15．—So you have met Maria?
—Yes，it was last week ________ we attended Jack’s party.
A．that
B．there
C．which
D．when
答案 D
解析 这是一个省略句，完整形式是：It was last week when we attended Jack’s party that I met Maria.句子的主体部分是一个强调句型，被强调部分last week后跟一个定语从句。last week是先行词，从句中缺少时间状语，用when来引导。
Ⅱ.完形填空
To celebrate the end of our exams，my friends and I went to a fast food restaurant.We __1__ hamburgers and Coca Cola at the counter.When our __2__ came，I started walking towards an empty table.By bad luck，my purse strap(带子) got __3__ on a chair and the tray(托盘) that I was holding slipped __4__ my hands and went flying in the air.The tray，and its contents，__5__ on a man who was just about to __6__ a bite of his sandwich.I stared，greatly __7__，as the drinks soaked(浸湿) his white shirt.
Then I __8__ my eyes and prepared myself for his burst of __9__.Instead，he said “It’s OK” to __10__ me before he disappeared into the washroom.
Still shaky and unsure __11__ to do next，my friends and I went to a table and sat there，trying our best to look __12__.A moment later，the man came out of the washroom and __13__ our table.My heart almost stopped __14__.I thought he was going to ask for my father’s __15__ and call him.
To my surprise，he merely smiled at us，handed us some cash and said，“__16__ yourself new hamburgers.” He then walked __17__ without even finishing his food.
He could have made what was already an uncomfortable situation worse，__18__ he chose a different way and gave us a reason to believe that there is still __19__ in this world.I’ll never __20__ his actions.(2024·陕西)
1．A.ordered
B．made
C．arranged
D．demanded
答案 A
解析 order此处作动词，意为“点(饭菜)”。make做，制作；arrange安排；demand要求。
2．A.food
B．turn
C．bill
D．menu
答案 A
解析 根据上下文语境，可知此处指“我们”点的食物(food)。turn轮流，转动；bill账单；menu菜单。
3．A.fixed B．caught
C．cut
D．tied
答案 B
解析 “我”的钱包带挂到(get caught)了椅子，符合语境。fix固定；cut切；tie系。
4．A.by
B．in
C．from
D．out
答案 C
解析 托盘从(from)手中滑落。D项out为副词，而slip out of...意为“从……滑出，溜出”。
5．A.knocked
B．fell
C．stood
D．hung
答案 B
解析 托盘和托盘里的食物掉在(fell)了一位男顾客身上。knock敲，叩击；stand站；hang悬挂。
6．A.take
B．taste
C．swallow
D．chew
答案 A
解析 那位男子正要咬他的三明治。take a bite of...咬一口……。
7．A.discouraged
B．disappointed
C．shocked
D．annoyed
答案 C
解析 意外发生后，“我”惊呆(be shocked)了。discourage使气馁；disappoint使失望；shock使吃惊；annoy使恼怒。
8．A.rolled
B．rubbed
C．narrowed
D．closed
答案 D
解析 “我”闭上(close)眼睛，等着那个人发火。roll滚动；rub one’s eyes揉眼睛；narrow one’s eyes眼睛眯成一条缝。
9．A.bitterness
B．anxiety
C．anger
D．sorrow
答案 C
解析 根据上文可知，“我”在等待着他发怒。bitterness苦，怨恨；anxiety焦虑；sorrow悲伤，悲痛。
10．A.satisfy
B．comfort
C．encourage
D．praise
答案 B
解析 那位男子没有发怒，反而说了一句“It’s OK”。这说明他要安慰(comfort)“我”。satisfy使满意；encourage鼓励；praise赞扬。
11．A.how
B．who
C．what
D．which
答案 C
解析 那位男子去洗手间后我仍旧不知所措。what to do要做什么。此处do为及物动词，代词what作其宾语；how是副词，无法作do的宾语。
12．A.mild
B．honest
C．calm
D．modest
答案 C
解析 虽然心里不安，但“我”和朋友们努力地让自己看起来很镇定(calm)。mild温柔的；honest诚实的；modest谦虚的。
13．A.pushed
B．approached
C．drew
D．laid
答案 B
解析 根据下文可知，那位男顾客从洗手间出来后就走近(approach)“我们”。push推；draw拉；lay放，搁。
14．A.beating
B．breaking
C．sinking
D．trembling
答案 A
解析 当他走近“我们”的时候，“我”被吓得心脏都几乎停止跳动了。“我”以为他要问父亲的电话号码，并给他打电话。beat(心脏)跳动；break破碎；sink下沉；tremble颤抖。
15．A.help
B．position
C．number
D．job
答案 C
解析 由下文“call him”可知。
16．A.Prepare
B．Buy
C．Find
D．Cook
答案 B
解析 由上文“...handed us some cash...”可知，他让“我们”再买(buy)些吃的东西。
17．A.on
B．around
C．up
D．away
答案 D
解析 由下文“...without even finishing his food.”可知，他没吃完饭就走了(walk away)。walk on继续走；walk around游荡，无目的地行走；walk up沿……走，走近。
18．A.so
B．since
C．although
D．but
答案 D
解析 他本能使原本已经不愉快的局面更加难堪，但是(but)他选择了一种不同的解决方法。
19．A.kindness
B．happiness
C．politeness
D．brightness
答案 A
解析 那位男顾客不仅没有对“我”发火，还给“我们”钱买食物。他是一个善良的人。这使得“我们”相信这个世界上还有善良(kindness)。
20．A.forget
B．refuse
C．oppose
D．ignore
答案 A
解析 我一定不会忘记(forget)他的善行。refuse拒绝；oppose反对；ignore忽视，不理睬。
Ⅲ.阅读理解
Mothers and daughters go through so much—yet when was the last time a mother and daughter sat down to write a book together about it all? Perri Klass and her mother，Sheila Solomon Klass，both gifted professional writers，prove to be ideal cowriters as they examine their decades of motherhood，daughterhood，and the wonderful ways their lives have overlapped(重叠)．
Perri notes with amazement how closely her own life has mirrored her mother’s: both have fulltime careers; both have published books，articles，and stories; each has three children; they both love to read.They also love to travel—in fact，they often take trips together.But in truth，the harder they look at their lives，the more they acknowledge their big differences in circumstance and basic nature.
A child of the Depression(大萧条)，Sheila was raised in Brooklyn by parents who considered education a luxury for girls.Starting with her college education，she has fought for everything she’s ever accomplished.Perri，on the other hand，grew up privileged in the New Jersey suburbs of the 1960s and 1970s.For Sheila，wasting time or money is a crime，and luxury is unthinkable while Perri enjoys the occasional small luxury，but has not been successful at trying to persuade her mother into enjoying even the tiniest thing she likes.
