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安徽省淮南市2024高考英语一轮单项选择及文章训练（1）及答案
高考英语单项填空设题的方法与角度的依据是“三维模式”，即从结构、语义和语用三个方面来出题，切入的角度有7个，即：交际、情态、反述、省略与替代、特定句式、概念外延和思维定式。
1) 结构方面
NMET单项填空题的句子结构一般是完整的，即有主语和谓语。主语相当于句子的主题，指明句子讲的是什么，一般是对方已知的信息；谓语是对有关问题加以说明的部份，一般是向对方提供新的信息。考查的重点，也是在谓语部分。命题人有时故意将谓语部分的结构加以改变，“神似貌非”，迷惑考生。根据思维定势的负迁移作用，命题人往往设置干扰性很强的干扰项。这就要求考生不仅具备牢固的基础知识，更要具备灵活的临场分析应变能力。例如：
① —Do you know our town at all?
—No, this is the first time I _____ here.
A. was
B. have been
C. am
D. m corning
分析：B最佳。该句运用了这样一个句型“It/This＋is＋the＋序数词＋time＋that……”。在这个句型中that从句常用现在完成时态。切入角度：结构＋交际＋特定句式
② The film brought the hours back to me _____ I was taken good care of in that faraway village.
A. until
B. that
C. when
D. where
分析：C最佳。本题题干长，信息量大，句子成分多，结构复杂，选项之间相互干扰强，难度大。在空白处前，既有时间名词the hours,又有人称代词me 或副词词组back to me。这很难一下子判断出先行词究竟是“the hours”还是“me”。上句可以写成The film brought the hours（——I was taken good care of in that faraway village）back to me.根据先行词为the hours, C项应为最佳答案。设题角度：结构+替代+特定句式
2) 语义方面
每个单项填空题的考查实际上都是对语义的考查。语境、结构只是语言运用的外在形式，都是为了恰当地表达出一定的语义服务的。认真地审题，准确地把握语义，对于解答好单项填空题，提高解题能力，起着十分重要的作用。虽然近几年来NMET试题的题干越来越长，结构越来越复杂，暗示信息也难以把握，同学们解答起来有一定的难度，但是命题人所设置的题干均是表达规范得体，语义符合逻辑的语言载体。同学们解题时要认真推敲，切勿“望文生义”。
例如：
①I read about it in some book or other, does it matter _____ it was?
A. where
B. what
C. how
D. which
分析：D最佳。题干已经明确交待了“某一本书或另一本书”，只是还没有确定究竟是哪一本而已。而且，“or”也给考生起了提示作用，表示选择。故选择D项 , 设题角度：语义+替代 。
② — Have you seen _____ pen? I left it here this morning.
— Is it _____ black one?
I think I saw it somewhere.
A. a; the
B. the; the
C. the; a
D. a; a
分析：D最佳。本题虽说是考查冠词的用法，但也是语义+思维定式考查的具体体现。因为通常我们在冠词教学中最初都说：泛指某人或某物时用不定冠词；而表示特定的或上文已提到过的人或物用定冠词。然而此处从题干暗示可以看出，问句与答语中的pen均非特指，故前后均用不定冠词。语义+交际+思维定式
3) 语用方面
NMET单项选择试题越来越重视语用能力的考查，即：语言实用能力。具体而言；基础语法知识，词汇、习语及交际用语等都以置一语境的形式来考查，使语言更具灵活、生动和得体。题干的条件信息愈隐蔽，各选项结构十分相似而、且具有较强的干扰性，这样更能体现试题能力立意的要求。例如：
① --- Can you come on Monday or Tuesday?
--- I ’m afraid _____ day is possible. (NMET 99)
A. either
B. some
C. neither
D. any
分析：C为最佳。本题设置实际语境，问者期望Monday or Tuesday 选择一天，而答者有afraid之义，不能如问者的期望。依据语言的得体性，答案只能选C。设题角度：语用+概念外延+交际。
② — I stayed at a hotel
while in New York.
— Oh，did you? You _____ with Barbara.
A. could have stayed B. could stay
C. would stay
D. must have stayed
分析：A最佳。本题属于情态动词交际情景中的运用。题干涉过去（在纽约）所发生的事；同时从“did you ”语气可以看出“你本来是能够(could have stayed)和芭芭拉住在一起的，而不是“你一定(must have stayed)和芭芭拉住在一起”，故选A，语用+情态+反述。
1. As he was waiting downstairs, he suddenly heard a voice calling from ____ .
A. over
B. above
C. up
D. upon
2. He has lived _____ for many years. That's why he can hardly speak his mother tongue now.
A. in abroad
B. exotic
C. foreign
D. abroad
3. --- Could I speak to Mary?
--- Well, she’s on holiday, _____ .
A. actually
B. indeed
C. truly
D. certainly
4. When Mary finally got there, Tom had left an hour _____.
A. before
B. ago
C. later
D. after
5. I have _____ nothing to do today, so you stay here longer.
A. nearly
B. ever
C. most
D. almost
6. --- Do you know your results?
--- No, I don’t know them ____ .
A. already
B. since
C. before
D. yet
7. Peter can't speak Chinese and can't write it, _____. So Chinese is Greek to him.
A. too
B. also
C. neither
D. either
8. He said he would come, he didn't ______.
A. though
B. although
C. yet
D. too
9. There is only the tree and the rock. I can see nothing _____.
A. among
B. between
C. in
D. out
10. ____ ! There is a train coming.
A. Look out
B. Look around
C. Look forward
D. Look on
11. John plays football ____, if not better than, David.
A. as well
B. as well as
C. so well
D. so well as
12. He will be ____ for months and he told me he wouldn’t be ____ till next Saturday.
A. off; off
B. away; away
C. off; away
D. away; off
13. --- How long has he been in the army?
--- Oh, he joined the army as far ____ as 1997.
A. ago
B. away
C. from
D. back
14. China has a lot of coal and oil, and it is rich in other rare minerals ______.
A. as well
B. also
C. either
D. neither
15. With the development of West China, many technicians are _____ needed there in recent years.
A. many
B. bad
C. badly
D. well
参考答案
1—5、BDABD
6—10、DDAAA
11—15、BDDAC
**************************************************结束
维A 完形填空(每题1.5分，满分30分)
选材相似度：★★★★
设题相似度：★★★
难度系数：★★★
When I returned from a trip abroad，I sensed that something was wrong between Bill，one of my two sons，and me.So I asked him，“Bill，have I done anything that really
__1__
your feelings？”
Immediately，he said，“Yes.Last Christmas you promised us a special
__2__
that we really wanted but you __3__ gave it to us.”
The __4__
was that I'd completely forgotten about it.I __5__，“Is there anything else I've done wrong，but I haven't apologized for？”
Again，his __6__
was immediate，“Remember last Christmas when Mom said you had to go to the __7__ because Kate，my little sister，was going to be born? You left us at home and __8__
in a hurry.Remember？”
“Well，you left and __9__
the suitcase.” I couldn't believe he __10__
all the details! “After you came back from the hospital，you were __11__ to see the suitcase had been opened and __12__ had been thrown all over the place，and then you __13__ me.”
“And you didn't do it？”I asked.
“No，I didn't.I was just searching for my gift.”
My heart sank.I felt __14__.I hugged Bill and asked him to __15__
me.His honesty made me think of my other son，Kevin.Maybe I'd hurt his feelings，too.I went to ask him the __16__ question.Kevin answered as immediately as his
__17__，“Last Christmas you __18__ us a special toy，but you forgot about it.”
__19__
Christmas had passed，I took my two sons to the store that day and bought them what I had promised.The
__20__
thing wasn't the toy.The problem was that I had made a promise too rashly (轻率地) and didn't keep it as their father.
【语篇解读】 这是篇夹叙夹议的记叙文。作者答应圣诞节给儿子买玩具，可是并没有遵守诺言，这让儿子非常不满。文章通过作者和儿子不经意间的交流，使人们认识到在家庭教育中“言出必行”的重要性。
1．A.showed
B．hurt
C．attended
D．expressed
答案 B [由上文的“I sensed that something was wrong between Bill ...and me”可知，此处表示“我”想知道自己做了什么事情“伤害”了儿子。文章倒数第二段的“I'd hurt his feelings，too”也是提示。]
2．A.candy
B．book
C．picture
D．toy
答案 D [由下文倒数第二段中的“Last Christmas you __18__us a special toy，but you forgot about it.”可知，“我”曾经许诺给儿子买“玩具”。]
3．A.never
B．often
C．always
D．ever
答案 A [由下文的“I'd completely forgotten about it”以及Kevin的话“...but you forgot about it.”可知，“我从没有”给儿子买曾经许诺过的玩具。]
4．A.challenge
B．message
C．idea
D．fact
答案 D [该句的意思是：“事实”是“我”完全忘记了这件事情，所以用fact。]
5．A.complained
B．apologizedC．continued
D．explained
答案 C [根据空格后面的内容可知，“我接着”问问题，所以C正确。]
6．A.suggestion
B．answer
C．action
D．blame
答案 B [本段中的again是关键词，与上文的“Immediately，he said”呼应。此处要表示的是Bill 立即“回答”了“我”的第二个问题。]
7．A.hospital
B．church
C．school
D．garden
答案 A [根据“凯特要出生”的事实，再联系第五段中的“Afer you came back from the hospital”可知此处表示要去“医院”。]
8．A.settled down
B．went onC．set off
D．got up
答案 C [由in a hurry以及下一段的left可知，“我”应该是“出发，动身 (set off)”。]
9．A.replaced
B．forgot
C．brought
D．opened
答案 B [“我”急匆匆地离开家， “忘了”带手提箱。]
10．A.knew
B．imaginedC．discovered
D．remembered
答案 D [Bill能如此清晰地“记得”这些细节，这使“我”大为惊讶。]
11．A.angry
B．worried
C．happy
D．satisfied
答案 A [根据下文内容可推知这里应该是“生气，恼火”。]
12．A.nothing
B．somebody
C．everything
D．nobody
答案 C [根据下文“thrown all over the place”可推知，应该是“所有的东西”都被翻了出来。]
13．A.praised
B．punished
C．helped
D．educated
答案 B [“我”回到家，发现手提箱被打开了，东西扔得满地都是，大为恼火，于是“惩罚”了Bill。]
14．A.terrible
B．hopeless
C．inspired
D．encouraged
答案 A [根据上文的“My heart sank”可知，后面是“I felt terrible”；hopeless表示“绝望”，不符合语境。]
15．A.support
B．criticize
C．suspect
D．forgive
答案 D [由儿子的回答可知，“我”错怪了儿子，所以请他“原谅我”。]
16．A.easy
B．direct
C．same
D．funny
答案 C [由下文Kevin的回答“Last Christmas you __18__ us a special toy，but you forgot about it.”可知，“我”问了他“同样的”问题。]
17．A.mother
B．brother
C．sister
D．father
答案 B [Kevin回答得和他哥哥一样迅速。]
18．A.bought
B．borrowed
C．left
D．promised
答案 D [由第二段中的“Last Christmas you promised us a special __2__that...”可知，去年圣诞节，“我”曾经“许诺”给儿子买玩具。]
19．A.Though
B．Because
C．Since
D．Until
答案 A [“尽管”圣诞节过去了，但是“我”还是带着两个儿子去商店买了“我”许诺过的东西。]
