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U3 重点词汇讲解
一、重点词汇列表
动词 work, recover, contain, damage, prefer, suffer, affect, skip, count, concentrate, gain
名词 figure, failure, chemical, pressure, diet, effect, achievement, branch, post, energy, equipment, expert, comfort, system, skin, amount, loss,
形容词 slim, ashamed, energetic, painful, chemical, attractive, embarrassed, overweight, peaceful
重点词组 work out, go on a diet, side effect, fall out, get into shape, make the most of, in the long term, as a matter of fact
二、精选词汇讲解
1. be dying for something / to do something
渴望……；极想……
to want something or want to do something very much:
* be dying for something
1) He is dying for a cigarette. 他很想要香烟。
2) She is dying for a cup of coffee.
她很想要一杯咖啡。
* be dying to do something
1) I’m dying to ask where he got the information.
我真想问他从哪里得到的消息。
2) His friends are dying to see his new girlfriend.
他的朋友们争先恐后的想见他的新女朋友。
2. work out
(1) 锻炼
to make your body fit and strong by doing exercises:
1) He works out at the gym three times a week.
他每周去健身房锻炼三次。
2) The famous actor keeps fit by working out with weights every day.
这位著名的演员通过每天举重来保持健康。
(2) 算出
to calculate an answer, amount, price etc:
1) I was born in 1954. Can you work out my age?
我出生在1954年。你能算出我的年龄吗？
2) The poor boy cannot work out the difficult maths problem.
这个可怜的孩子不能解决这道数学难题。
(3) 想出
to think carefully about how you are going to do something and plan a good way of doing it:
1) Can you work out what to do next?
你能想出下一步该怎么做吗？
2) We are trying to work out a way to have a cheaper holiday.
我们正试图想出过一个更便宜假期的方法。
(4) 理解，弄懂
to think about something and manage to understand it:
1) I can’t work out the meaning of the poem.
我不理解这首诗的意义。
2) He is interesting, but I can’t work him out.
他很有趣，但是我不能理解他。
3) The smell was wonderful. But I cannot work out where it came from.
味道真香，但是我不明白这是从哪来的。
3. figure
名词
(1) 体形、体态the shape of someone’s body, especially a woman’s body
1) She has a great figure.
她身材很好。
2) How does she manage to keep her figure without dieting?
她是如何不节食而成功保持身材的？
3) A lot of women have to watch their figure.
许多女性关注自己的身材。
(2) 数字 number
a four figure number四位数
1) His salary is now in six figures.
他的薪水现在是六位数。
2) The problem is how to keep unemployment figure down.
问题是如何使失业率下降。
(3) 大人物，名人
someone who is important or famous in some way
a key figure
a central figure
1) Several leading figures will attend tomorrow’s party.
极为领导人将出席明天的聚会。
2) Gandhi was a great figure in history.
甘地是历史上的一位大人物。
(4) 人影，轮廓
someone with a particular type of appearance or character, especially
when they are far away or difficult to see:
1) A tall figure in a hat came in the doorway.
一个戴着帽子的高大身影出现在门口。
2) Through the window I could see the busy figure of Mrs Bradshaw.
透过窗户我可以看见布拉德肖女士忙碌的身影。
4. contain
动词
(1）盛、装
(a container) that has something inside:
1) How much water can this bottle contain?
这个瓶子可以装多少水？
2) The assembly hall can contain 1000 people.
礼堂可以容纳一千人。
(2) 包含，包括
having something as part of it:
1) The orange contains a lot of vitamin C.
句子富含维他命C。
2) This drink doesn’t contain any alcohol.
这种饮料不含任何的酒精。
3) The information you need is contained in this article.
这篇文章中包括你要的信息。
(3) 限制、控制（感情） control or hide an emotion:
1) He could no longer contain his anger.
他已经不能控制自己的愤怒。
2) Jane could hardly contain her laughter.
简抑制不住自己的笑声。
* contain oneself
控制自己
3) He was too excited to contain himself.
他太兴奋了，不能控制自己。
4) She couldn’t contain herself when she saw the accident.
她看到这起事故的时候无法控制她自己。
5. stay
联系动词保持，坚持，持续to be in a particular position, place, state, without changing:
1) Eat right to stay healthy.
吃的对保持健康。
2) Please stay calm when you are under a lot of pressure.
当你感到压力很大的时候请保持冷静。
3) Don’t worry. He never stays angry for long.
别担心。他从不生气太久。
6. suffer 动词
受苦；遭受（磨难）
suffer from 受……之苦；患（疾病）
1) The company suffered huge losses in the last financial year.
该公司在上一财政年度蒙受了巨大的损失。
2) She often suffers from headaches.
她经常头痛。
7. try + doing / to do
(1) try doing: 试验，尝试to do or use something for a short while to discover if it is suitable:
1) If you feel nervous, try taking deep, slow breaths.
2) They decided they would try living in America for a while.
(2) try to do: 试，试图，努力
to attempt to do or get something:
1) You must try to control your temper.
你必须试着控制自己的脾气。
2) Don’t blame her. She is only trying to help.
别怪她。她只是想帮忙。
8. count 动词
(1) 重要的，有价值的 to be very important or valuable:
1) First impression really counts.
第一印象很重要。
2) It is not how much you read but what you read that counts.
读了多少不重要，读了什么才重要。
(2) 数数say numbers in the correct order
1) Shut your eyes, count up to twenty, then come and find us.
闭上眼睛，数到二十，然后来找我们。
2) Most children know how to count by the time they start kindergarten.
大多数孩子开始上幼儿园的时候就知道如何数数。
(3) 包括 to include someone or something in a total:
1) There are 18 people in the group, counting the teachers.
包括老师在内，团队中共有18个人。
2) There are five people in my family, if you count my grandparents.
如果把我的爷爷奶奶算在内，我家共有五个人。
(4) 认为，把…当成 to consider, to regard:
1) She counted Julia and Jenny as her dearest friends.
她把茱莉亚和珍妮看做自己最亲密的朋友。
2) I don’t count her as a friend anymore.
我不再把她当朋友看了。
3) You should count yourself lucky as you were not hurt.
你应该觉得自己幸运，因为你没有受伤。
* 词组：
(1) count on / upon
依靠，指望to depend on someone or something, especially in a difficult situation:
count on /upon +somebody / something:
1) You can count on me.
你可以依靠我。
2) If you get into trouble, you can always count on Tom.
如果你遇到麻烦，你总是可以指望汤姆。
count on + doing something
1) We're all counting on winning this game.
我们都指望赢得这场比赛。
2) You can never count on Tom being on time.
你永远不能指望汤姆准时。
count on somebody/something to do something
1) Can I count on you to give me a hand?
我能指望你帮我忙吗？
2) You can count on him to come.
你可以指望他过来。
(2) count somebody in←→count somebody out
* count somebody in 把……计算在内，考虑在内：
1) Mark, can we count you in for the game?
马克，这场比赛我们可以把你算在内吗？
2) If you are playing football this afternoon, count me in.
如果你们今天下午踢足球，算我一个。
* count somebody out 不包括，不算
1) If you are playing football in this weather, count me out.
如果在这种天气你们还踢足球，就别把我算在内了。
2) You can count me out if you are looking for trouble.
如果你在找麻烦就别把我算在内。
9. concentrate动词
集中（注意力），全神贯注 to think very carefully about something that you are doing:
(1) concentrate 不及物动词
1) Now please concentrate.
现在请集中精神。
2) Little Betty finds it difficult to concentrate in class.
小贝蒂发现在课堂上集中精神很困难。
(2) concentrate on + 名词
1) Be quiet—let me concentrate on my homework.
请安静——让我专心写作业。
2) If you concentrate on your study, you will make some progress.
如果你专心学习，你就会取得一些进步。
(3) concentrate … on … : to give most of your attention or effort to one thing:
1) I'm concentrating my efforts on writing my term paper.
我正努力写我的学期论文。
2) Attention should be concentrated on the prevention of such diseases.
应该集中精力在疾病的预防方面。
* concentrate → concentration 名词
集中（注意力），全神贯注
a process in which you put a lot of attention, energy etc into a particular activity
1) The project is so challenging that it demands my total concentration.
这个项目很有挑战性，需要我全神贯注。
2) A good night’s sleep will improve your concentration greatly.
一个良好的睡眠会大大的提高你的注意力。
concentration on (doing) something
3) I lost my concentration on the lecture and fell asleep.
我对讲座失去了兴趣，睡着了。
4) You’d better turn off the music, as it breaks my concentration on the job.
你最好关掉音乐，因为他破坏了我对工作的注意力。
10. amount 名词
量 a quantity of something such as time, money, or a substance
* a large (great/ enormous/ small/ tiny/ certain …) amount of
后跟不可数名词
a large amount of money 大笔的钱
a great amount of time
大量的时间
1) She has attracted an enormous amount of public attention.
她吸引了大量公众的注意力。
2) Pour a small amount of milk into the mixture.
把少量牛奶倒入混合物中。
* a great (good) deal of大量的，后跟不可数名词
3) A great deal of money has been spent on the project.
大量的钱被投资在这个项目上。
4) She has collected a good deal of information for the case.
她收集了很多关于此案的消息。
* a good (large, small, great, growing) number of
后跟可数名词
5) A good number of my workmates agree with me.
我的一些同事同意我的看法。
6) This program includes a small number of schools only.
这个方案只包括一小部分学校。
7) A growing number of people in the countryside have access to the Internet.
在农村越来越多的人访问互联网。
三、词汇拓展训练
（一）单项填空：
1. The young dancers looked so charming in their beautiful clothes that we took ______________
pictures of them.
A. a great number of
B. a good many of
C. a great deal of
D. a large amount of
2. A new ________ bus service to Pudong Airport started to operate two months ago.
A. normal
B. usual
C. regular
D. common
3. He got well-prepared for the job interview, for he couldn’t risk ____ the good opportunity.
A. to lose
B. losing
C. to be lost
D. being lost
4. The new law will come into ______ on the day it is passed．
A. effect
B. use
C. service
D. affect
5. ---- You are always full of
. Can you tell me the secret?
---- Taking plenty of exercise every day.
A. efforts
B. strength C. force
D. energy
6. Emergency line operators must always ____________ calm and make sure that they get all the
information they need to send help.
A. grow
B. appear
C. become
D. stay
