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Unit 2 Cloning
教 材 面 面 观
单词拓展1.________vi.不同；相异 ________n．不同；差别 ________adj.不同的；差异的 ________adv.不同地；异常地
2．________adj.商业的；贸易的 ________n．商业；贸易 ________vt.使商业化；使商品化
3．________vt.着手；从事；承担 ________(过去式) ________(过去分词) ________n．任务；事业；企业
4．________n．程序；步骤；手续 ________n．过程；进程
5．________vi.反对；不赞成 ________adj.客观的；真实的
________n．不赞成；反对；异议
6．________vt.获得；赢得 ________adj.可获得的；可取得的 ________n．获得；取得
7．________vt.获得；到达(水平，年龄，状况等) ________adj.可达到的 ________n．到达；成就
8．________vt.积累；聚积 ________n．积累；积聚
9．________vi.退休；离开 ________adj.退休的；退职的；退役的 ________n．退休；退职；退役
10．________vt.打扰 vi.操心 n．烦扰 ________adj.麻烦的；讨厌的
11．________n．假定；设想 ________vt.假定；设想 ________adj.假定的；设想的
12．________vi. & vt.打；撞击；罢工 ________(过去式；过去分词) ________adj.打击的；显著的；引人注目的
13．________vt.抵抗；对抗 ________n．抵抗；反抗；抵抗力
________adj.抵抗的；反抗的 n．抵抗者
14．________vt.崇拜；爱慕；喜爱 ________adj.崇拜的；敬慕的 ________adj.值得崇拜的 ________n．崇拜；敬慕
15．________adj.合情理的；讲道理的；公道的 ________adv.有道理地；合情理地短语回顾1.pay________ 得到好结果；取得成功；偿清
2．cast________
沮丧；不愉快
3．in________of
赞成；支持
4．(be)________to(do)．..
一定或注定(做)
5．strike...________one's heart
使……刻骨铭心
6．________time to time
不时；偶尔
7．bring back to________
使复生；使复活
8．in________
白费力气；枉费心机
9．in good/poor________
状况很好(坏)；情况很好(坏)
10．have a great impact________
对……有很大影响
句型背诵
1.________ ________the disturbing news that Dolly had become seriously ill.
接着传来了多莉病重的坏消息。
2．However，the problem________she later developed a serious lung disease bothered scientists.
但是，她后来得了严重的肺病，这个问题让科学家们感到烦恼。
3．________would be unfair to clone any extinct animals if they were to live in a zoo.
如果(被克隆后)只能生活在动物园里，克隆任何绝种动物都是不公平的。
4．You might________this hard at first but it pays off when you come to speak.
你可能在开始时觉得困难，但当你说起来了，你会觉得很值得。
自我诊断
单词拓展
1．differ；difference; different；differently 2.commercial；commerce；commercialize 3.undertake；undertook；undertaken；undertaking 4.procedure；process 5.object；objective；objection 6.obtain；obtainable；obtainment 7.attain；attainable；attainment 8.accumulate；accumulation 9.retire；retired；retirement 10.bother；bothersome 11.assumption；assume；assumed 12.strike；struck；striking 13.resist；resistance；resistant 14.adore；adoring；adorable；adoration 15.reasonable；reasonably
短语回顾
1．off 2.down 3.favour 4.bound 5.into 6.from
7．life 8.vain 9.condition 10.on
句型背诵
1．Then came 2.that 3.It 4.find
考 点 串 串 讲
重点单词1.forbid vt.(forbade/forbad, forbidden)禁止；反对
forbid sb. to do sth.禁止某人做某事
forbid doing sth. 禁止做某事
forbid that...禁止……(从句中常用should＋动词原形)
forbid sb. sth. 禁止某人做……
It's forbidden to do sth.做某事是禁止的
①He was forbidden to leave the base as a punishment.
作为惩罚，他被禁止离开基地。
②The law forbids smoking in public places.
法律禁止在公共场所吸烟。
③My doctor has forbidden me to eat sugar.
医生禁止我吃糖。
④I forbid that you should enter the room.
我禁止你进入那个房间。
⑤It's forbidden to marry someone who is not a member of the same faith.
禁止与宗教信仰不同的人结婚。
●特别提醒
(1)forbid后不能直接跟动词不定式作宾语，类似用法的词还有allow, permit, advise, consider等。
(2)forbid后接that从句时，从句中的谓语动词用(should)＋动词原形的形式，should可省略。即境活用完成句子
她的父亲禁止他们结婚。
①Her father forbade ________ ________.
②Her father forbade ________ ________ ________.
③They were ________ ________ ________ by her father.
答案：①their marriage ②them to marry ③forbidden to marry
2．resist vt.抵抗；忍住(多与cannot, couldn't连用)
resist sb./sth.抵抗，抵制某人/某物
can't/couldn't resist doing sth.忍不住干某事
①Lack of proper nutrition reduces their power to resist disease.
营养不良降低了他们抵抗疾病的能力。
②When she got to the place, she could not resist going in.
她到达那里时，禁不住想进去。
●用法拓展
resistant adj.抵抗的，有抵抗力的
be resistant to对……有抵抗力
resistance n．抗拒，反对；抵抗
①It's believed that elderly people are always resistant to change.
人们认为上了年纪的人会抵制变革。
②The defenders put up a strong resistance.
守军顽强抵抗。即境活用单项填空
①We need materials ________ heat and pressure.
A．resistB．resisting
C．resists
D．resisted
②Although a teenager, Fred could resist ________ what to do and what not to do.
A．to be told
B．having been told
C．being told
D．to have been told
答案：①B ②C
3．argument n．论据；辩论；争论；缘由
There are strong arguments against these measures.
有一些有力的论据反对这些措施。
We accepted the agreement without argument.
我们毫无异议地接受了这一协议。
She is neutral in this argument; she doesn't care who wins.
在这场辩论中她保持中立，不在乎谁赢谁输。
●归纳延伸
argue v．辨论；认为，主张；议论；说服；辩论；争论
argue sb. into doing说服某人去做……
argue sb. out of doing说服某人不去做……
argue with sb. about sth.与某人争辩……
argue the toss徒然反对，做无意义的争执
即境活用
翻译句子
①我们说服她不要去作这样危险的旅行。
________________________________________________________________________
②Let's not argue the toss we have to accept his choice.
________________________________________________________________________
③哥伦布认为地球是圆形的。
________________________________________________________________________
答案：①We argued her out of going on such a dangerous journey.
②我们不必争论已经决定的事——只好听他的。
③Columbus argued that the world was round.
4．assumption n．设想，假定；承担；担任；夺取
Had the assumption been strictly compatible, the results would have been identical.
如果所作假定完全相同，则结果也应一致。
with an assumption of indifference装作满不在乎的样子
The theory is based on a series of wrong assumptions.
这一理论是以一系列错误的设想为依据的。
●归纳延伸
assume v．以为；认为；假定为；承担
assumed adj.假装的；假定的，设想的；假冒的；被承担的
assumed name化名，假名
assuming adj.傲慢的，僭越的，不逊的
Assuming that it is true, what should we do now?
假定那是真的，我们现在该怎么办？
即境活用单项填空
________ (that) we miss the train, what shall we do?
Which is not right?
A．SupposeB．Supposing
C．Assuming
D．Assumed
答案：D
5．differ v．不一致；不同
They differ in size but not in kind.
这些东西的区别只是大小不同而实质一样。
Things in the world differ from each other in a thousand ways.
世界上的事物是千差万别的。
That's where we differ.
那是我们有分歧的地方。
●用法拓展
differ from不同于(与……有区别)
differ with sb.与某人意见不同
We differ from/with them on/about that question.
我们在那个问题上跟他们的意见不同。
be different from与……不同
difference n．差异；分歧；差别
Whether it rains or not makes no difference to me.
下不下雨对我来说都一样。即境活用单项填空
①That's ________we differ.
A．what
B．where
C．that
D．how
②It won't make________whether you go today or tomorrow.
A．many differences
B．some difference
C．any differences
D．much difference
答案：①B ②D
6．object n．物体；宾语；目标 v．反对，抗议，拒绝；提出……来反对
No one objected to the plan.(＋to)
没有人反对这项计划。
Mother objected that Jimmy was too weak to take up the job.(＋that)
母亲反对说，吉米身体虚弱，不可承担那份工作。
I don't think there's much object in being a secondrate painter.
我觉得当一个二流画家没有什么意思。
●用法拓展
objection n．反对；不喜欢；异议；缺点
I have no objection to your proposal.
我对你的提议没有异议。
objectionable adj.会引起反对的，讨厌的，有异议的
objective n．目的，实物，宾格 adj.客观的，客体的，外在的(反义词)subjective主观的即境活用单项填空
Who do you know objects________the plan we made at the meeting?
A．against
B．to
C．about
D．/
答案：B
7．undertake vt.着手，从事；承担
The lawyer undertook the case without a fee.
这位律师免费承办那个案件。
She undertook the organization of the whole scheme.
她负责整个计划的组织工作。
●用法拓展
undertake a task承担任务
undertake an attack发动进攻
undertake to do sth.答应，同意做某事
undertake for...为……负责
undertaking n．任务；事业；企业
The court will undertake a serious examination of the case.
法院将负责对案子做严肃调查。
To join the club，you have to undertake to buy six books at least a year.
要加入该俱乐部，你必须承诺每年至少买6本书。即境活用单项填空
The fortystorey building is one of the most challenging engineering projects they have________.
A．undergone
B．overtaken
C．understood
D．undertaken
答案：D
8．obtain vt.获得；赢得
She has to obtain her parents' permission before she does anything.
她在做任何事情之前必须得到她父母的允许。
●用法拓展
obtain sth. by doing sth.通过做某事获取某物
obtain sth. from sb./sth.从某人/物获得/获取某物
obtain vi.(规则、习俗的)制定；通行；流行
Details can be obtained from the Department of Education.
可以从教育部获知详情。
This custom still obtains in some districts.
这种风俗在某些地区仍然流行。
●易混辨析
obtain，earn，gain，get和win
①obtain应用范围较广，含有“如期地达到目的或得到所希望的东西”之意，多用于正式场合。
②earn表示经过艰苦努力而得到报酬，或得到了理应享有的某种待遇，其宾语多为金钱、荣誉等。
③gain指通过斗争、竞争或付出劳动而获得某种优势或达到某种目的。其宾语通常是经验、优势、利益、好处等。
④get最常用，可指主动去“获得，得到”，也可能是被迫“接受”，有时指不一定需要主动性或付出很大努力就能得到。
⑤win多指在竞赛中“获得，赢得”，有时也用于指在战争中“获得”胜利，宾语通常是比赛、战斗、战争等。
We wished to obtain the firsthand information.
我们希望得到第一手情报。
He earns 800 yuan of wages a month.
他月薪八百元。
She gained rich experience in teaching.
她获得了丰富的教学经验。
She got a bad cold yesterday.
她昨天得了重感冒。
They won the basketball match.
他们打赢了这场篮球赛。
9．bother vt.打扰 vi.操心 n．烦扰
●用法拓展
bother sb. about/with sth.为某事打扰或麻烦某人
bother with/about sth.为某事烦恼
bother to do sth.特意/特地/费劲做某事
put sb.to any bother给某人添乱
