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Module 8
Unit 24 Society
Ⅰ.品句填词1．Fish are ________(大量的) in the lake.
2．The plan has the ________(优点) of simplicity.
3．They asked him to be ________(慈悲的) to the prisoners.
4．The market for their products is
________(缩小)．
5．People ________(存储) their money in the bank.
6．He r________ as manager after eight years.
7．She bore the b________ of caring for her sick mother.
8．The company has announced that it will u________ a full investigation into the accident.
9．I’ve made a few a________ to the design.
10．He was a talented artist，m________，a writer of some notes.
答案：1.abundant 2.virtue 3.merciful 4.shrinking 5.deposit 6.resigned 7.burden 8.undertake 9.adjustments 10.moreover
Ⅱ.短语识境
come into being;wind...up;show off;knock into;lose faith in;break into;sentence... to death;on principle;be dying for;lay out
1．Many people are opposed to the sale of arms ________.
2．When Mr. and Mrs. Smith went to cinema last night，someone ________ their house and stole all their valuables.
3．He was ________ before the performance because he was worried that the audience would not like him.
4．The boy rode his bike very fast and nearly ________ an old man.
5．I don’t know when this world ________ .
6．The gardens were ________ with lawns，flower beds，and fountains.
7．I’ve ________ in your promises.
8．I ________ a cup of tea because I’m thirsty now.
9．He is the best student in our school，but he never ________.
10．The murderer’s cruelty shocked everyone and in the end，the judge ________ .
答案：1.on principle 2.broke into 3.wound up 4.knocked into 5.came into being 6.laid out 7.lost faith in 8.am dying for 9.shows off 10.sentenced him to death
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．They are the people ________ ________ ________.
他们是些来自不同文化背景的人。
2．The general ________ ________ ________.
将军辞去了他的军职。
3．Honesty is ________ ________.
诚实是一种美德。
4.
Bad customs and laws ought to ________ ________.
不良的习俗和法规应予以废除。
5.
I don’t like skating；________，the ice is too ________ .
我不喜欢溜冰，而且冰太薄。
答案：1.from diverse cultures 2.resigned his commission 3.a virtue 4.be abolished 5.moreover；thin
Ⅳ.单项填空
1．—Would you like some more apples?
—________. They are delicious，but I have had enough.
A．Yes，please
B．Couldn’t be better
C．No，thanks
D．That’s all right
解析：考查交际用语。由but I have had enough可知选择C(表示委婉地拒绝)；Yes，please表示同意别人做某事；Couldn’t be better不可能再好了，表示同意；That’s
all right不用谢，不客气。
答案：C
2．I have no idea of what is in fashion so my choice is quite ________.
A．appropriate
B．optional
C．additional
D．arbitrary
解析：考查形容词。句意：我不知道什么流行，所以我的选择是非常随意的。arbitrary随意的，任意的；appropriate合适的，恰当的；optional选修的；additional附加的，额外的。
答案：D
3．—I envy Alice. She has a very beautiful car.
—Oh，dear. But running a car is too much of a (an ) ________for us at present，you know.
A．allowance
B．expense
C．amusement
D．commercial
解析：考查名词。句意：养车对我们来说是一笔太大的开支。expense“开支，费用”；allowance“津贴，补助”；amusement“娱乐”；commercial“商业广告”。
答案：B
4. I believe that your plan is practical so I will ________ it.
A．stand up for
B．look up to
C．keep up with
D．go in for
解析：考查短语动词。stand up for“支持”；look up to“尊敬”；keep up with“跟上”；go in for“从事”。
答案：A
5. I got up early this morning，but I ________ have done so because I had no work to do .
A．mustn’t
B．can’t
C．needn’t
D．may not
解析：考查情态动词。由had no work to do可知上文意思应是“本来没有必要早起的”；故选择needn’t(needn’t have done本不需要做某事而做了)；can’t have done不可能做了某事；may not have done可能没有做某事。mustn’t表示禁止。
答案：C
6．—Have you met Mr. Charles?
—No. By the time I got there，he ________ for New York.
A．has left
B．would have left
C．left
D．had left
解析：答案：D
7．________ up in the computer games，the boy didn’t notice his father come in.
A．Wrapping
B．Having wrapped
C．To wrap
D．Wrapped
解析：考查非谓语动词。动词wrap与逻辑主语the boy之间是被动关系，故选择D(be wrapped up in＝wrap oneself up in全神贯注于)；此题易选择A，如选择A，应是：Wrapping himself up in...。
答案：D
8. He firmly believed that it was that he lacked experience ________ resulted in his failure.
A．what
B．how
C．that
D．which
解析：考查强调句型。本句是强调主语从句：that he lacked experience。
答案：C
9.The driver was at ________ loss when ________ word came that he would be arrested for speeding.
A．the；a
B．a ；the
C．/ ；/
D．a ；/
解析：。
答案：D
10．—Excuse me，may I sit here?
—Of course，the seat is ________.
A．vacant
B．valid
C．vertical
D．voluntary
解析：考查形容词。句中of course表示同意“我”坐， 故选择vacant表示(房屋，座位等)空着的，未被占用的；valid“有效的，正当的”；vertical“垂直的”；voluntary“自愿的”。
答案：A
Ⅳ.阅读理解
The advantage and disadvantage of a large population have long been a subject of discussion.It has been argued that the supply of good land is limited.To feed a large population，inferior land must be cultivated and the good land worked intensively.Thus each person produced less and this means a lower average income than could be obtained with a small population.Other economists have argued that a large population
gives more scope for specialization and the development of facilities such as ports，roads and railways，which are not likely to be built unless there is a big demand to justify them.
One of the difficulties on carrying out world birth control program lies in the fact that official attitudes to population growth vary from country to country，depending on the level of industrial development and the availability of food and raw materials.In the developing countries where a vastly expanded population is pressing hard upon the limits of food，space and natural resources，it will be first concern of government to place a limit on the birthrate whatever the consequences may be.In a highly industrialized society the problem may be more complex.A decreasing birthrate may lead to unemployment because it results in a declining market for manufactured goods.When the pressure of population on housing declines，prices also decline and the building industry is weakened.
Faced with considerations such as these，the government of a developed country may well prefer to see slowly increasing population，rather than one which is stable or declines.
1．Small population may mean________.
A．higher productivity，but a lower average income
B．lower productivity，but a higher average income
C．lower productivity and a lower average income
D．higher productivity and a higher average income
解析：从文章第一段To feed...Other economists...说明人口多专业化设施发展范围大，即生产发展程度高。人口少则反之。
答案：B
2．According to the passage，a large population will provide a chance for developing________.
A．agriculture
B．transport system
C．industry
D．national economy
解析：文中第一段最后一句，说明人口多会促使港口、公路、铁路公共事业发展。
答案：B
3．In a developed country，people will perhaps go out of work if the birthrate________.
A．goes up
B．goes down
C．remains stable
D．is out of control
解析：答案：B
4．It is no easy job to carry out a general plan for birth control throughout the world because ________.
A．there are too many underdeveloped countries in the world
B．underdeveloped countries have a low level of industrial development.
C．different governments have different views of the question
D．even developed countries have complex problems
解析：
答案：C
(教师用书独具)
每天最高效的学习时间你抓住了吗
我们说利用时间，并非是学习的时间越长，学习到的东西就越多，学习的效果就越好。有人统计，连续36小时，只睡3小时，工作效率反而为原先的55%；连续工作44小时，只睡4小时，工作效率更是下降为充足睡眠时的36%。古人悬梁刺股，虽说让人敬佩，然而细细想来，这种做法却是愚蠢的，因为这样做违背了人的生理规律，长此下去是非常有害的。
人脑活动的效率在一天内是有规律的，不同的时间具有不同的效能，要善于抓住高效时间。所谓高效时间，就是一天中思维能力、活动能力最旺盛的时间。
苏联科学家格雷斌指出：人体的生理功能在一昼夜内有五个增长时间和五个下降时间。在生理功能增长时间内，工作效率最高，生病可能性减小。在生理功能下降时间内，人一般想休息，此时容易发生事故，心肌梗塞和高血压病发作的几率增加。根据这个实验，人们应当在生理功能增长时间内从事最重要、最紧张的工作，这样工作的效率就会有所提高。
英国伦敦大学教授麦伯逊在《怎样学习》一文中，用曲线图表示一个人一天中学习效果与学习时间的关系。在前面5个小时里，随着时间的延长，学到的东西越多；第5小时是学习效果最佳时间；5小时后，随着时间的延续，学习效率越来越差，最后几乎等于零。
科学家经过多年研究证明，人一天24小时工作有高潮和低谷。对于大多数人来说，上午8～10点，下午3～6点是效率最高的时间；晚上读书8～10点是高效时间；上午8点大脑具有严谨、周密的思考力，下午2点思考能力最敏捷，晚上8点记忆力最强，而中午1点左右是脑力和体力最差的时间，也是学习效率最低的时间。
一般来说，早晨是学习的最好时光，中国有句谚语“一年之计在于春，一日之计在于晨”说的就是这个道理。例如有人就属于“百灵鸟型”的人，早晨头脑清醒，学习效果最好。当然个人因情况不同，具体的最佳学习效果时间会有所不同。
英语书面表达备考40条
一、高考试题简介
1．六类作文。2010年的高考主要考人物介绍，描写地点，记叙事件，对比议论，活动安排和数字与图表说明六类作文。
2．作文内容贴近学生，贴近生活，贴近现实。
3．文章长度120个词左右。
4．署名有规定，不可露出本人姓名与学校。
5．高考作文都有明确的交际对象。或同学，或外国朋友，或一般民众。
6．写作目的也一目了解。
7．内容要点一般是6个，外加2个细节。
8．语言准确，首先注意名词单复数，动词形式等。
9．书写和标点及大小写要工整规范，每段第一行缩进5个字母。
10．高考不考特殊格式，不必演练书信、通知等格式。
11．要有合适的连接词语。
12．如能写出恰当的新颖词汇更好。
13．有的试题给出了参考词汇。
14．用文字提示或图画、图表告知写作内容。
15．鼓励写出复杂句式，如定语从句、强调句型、被动语态、非谓语动词短语、so...that、with＋复合宾语等。
二、应试要领
1.首先是仔细审题。特别注意内容要点，写作对象和交际目的。
2．尽管写草稿，实在没时间也要写一个提纲。
3．确定好时态。转述别人观点常用现在时。记叙经常发生的事用一般现在时，描写过去发生的事用过去时。
4．不生造中国式的英语。要用你听过的话来说，用你读过的句子来写。
5．注意写好首句，不要轻易下笔。尾句部分容易出错，要留意。
6．内容要点最好在原题上标出记号，以防遗漏。
7．必须要用几个连词，或顺接，或转折，或让步，或比较。
8．写记叙文，注意六个要素：who，where，when，why，how and the result。
9．议论文，注意论点与论据一致。还要注意是让你写一方观点还是介绍对立的两种观点。
10．应用文主要是写信件或通知，告知活动安排。一般按时间顺序写比较稳妥。
11．出题人给出的参考词汇应尽量用上，不要自作主张忽略不用。
12．力争有闪光之处，因为你的作文全是简单句得不了高分。用恰当的连词把全文串起 来，用新颖的词汇传达最通俗的信息。
13．采用多变的句式，如被动句式，定语从句，with加复合宾语以及倒装句等。
14．有时候阅读题中的句型可以稍加改造，抄来用在自己的作文中。
15．字数一般应稍多于试题的最低要求，但不宜过长，因为言多有失。
16．写完后要检查复核，重点看动词的使用。最好是写完作文后先检查别的题型，因为自己刚写完的东西马上检查常常看不出问题。
三、提高写作能力的九个办法
