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Module 2 Developing and Developed Countries
话题词汇
1.development n.发展
2.advanced adj.高级的；先进的
3.freedom n.自由
4.convenient adj.方便的；便利的
5.crowded adj.拥挤的
6.pollution n.污染
7.welfare n.福利
8.go abroad出国
9.take in吸收
10.be lacking in缺乏
经典语篇
假如你是明华，你堂兄建华在国外学习，你们经常用英文通信。他即将完成学业，不久前来信就是否回国工作征求你的意见。请根据下列提示写一封回信：
1.建议他回国；
2.你的理由是：(1)学有所用，就业容易；(2)照顾父母。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文应连贯；
3.开头语与结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。
June 8th
Dear Jianhua，
I’m very glad to have received the letter you sent me two weeks ago.
Best wishes.
Minghua
佳作欣赏
June 8th
Dear Jianhua，
I’m very glad to have received the letter you sent me two weeks ago.I’ve been thinking about the question you asked me.In my opinion，you should come back after you finish your studies abroad.① For one reason，what you are studying is badly needed nowadays in China.To find a good job will be quite easy for you.② In fact，I know a few big companies in our city are hoping to hire people like you.For another reason，I think it will be much more convenient for you to look after your parents as they are getting old.Therefore，I think it’s a good idea for you to return.So what are you waiting for?
Best wishes.
Minghua
思维发散
1.将第①句用非谓语动词改写
In my opinion，you should come back after finishing your studies abroad.
2.将第②句用it作形式主语改写
It will be quite easy for you to find a good job.
Ⅰ.重点单词
A.写作单词
1.income (n.)收入
2.measure (vt.)测定；测量；评估；(n.)尺度；标准；措施
3.goal (n.)目标
4.position (n.)位置
5.figure (n.)数字
6.homeless (adj.)无家可归的
7.charity (n.)慈善团体
8.crowded (adj.)拥挤的
9.smart (adj.)漂亮的；整洁的；时髦的
10.exchange (n.& v.)交换；互换
11.poverty (n.)贫穷
poor (adj.)贫穷的
12.development (n.)发展
develop (v.)发展
developing (adj.)发展中的
developed (adj.)发达的
13.educate (vt.)教育；培养；训练
education (n.)教育
14.unfortunate (adj.)不幸的；遗憾的
unfortunately (adv.)不幸地；遗憾地
15.polluted (adj.)受到污染的
pollute (vt.)污染
pollution (n.)污染
B.阅读单词
16.human (n.)人
17.household (n.)一家人；家庭
18.freeway (n.)高速公路
19.inhabitant (n.)居民
20.location (n.)位置；所在地
21.tourism (n.)旅游业
22.transport (n.)交通工具
23.industrial (adj.)工业的
24.vast (adj.)巨大的；庞大的；浩瀚的
25.entertainment (n.)娱乐
26.hunger (n.)饥饿
hungry (adj.)饥饿的
27.similarity (n.)类似，相似
similar (adj.)相似的
similarly (adv.)相似地
Ⅱ.重点短语
1.up to直到
2.make efforts努力
3.be close to接近；靠近
4.at the top of在……顶端
5.at the bottom of在……底部
6.make progress取得进步
7.be connected with与……有联系；与……有关
Ⅲ.经典句式
1.From this agreement came the Human Development Report.
《人类发展报告》就来自这份协议文件。
2.Norway is at the top of the list，while the US is at number 7.
挪威高居榜首，而美国则排在第七。
3.However，in other regions of the world，e.g.Eastern Europe，water is now mostly safe to drink.
然而在世界的其他地方，例如东欧，现在的饮用水大多是安全的。
4.This is because living with a foreign family for one or two weeks means that you have to speak their language，and as a result you improve fast.
这是因为和外国家庭在一块儿生活一两周就意味着你不得不说他们的语言，所以你会进步很快的。
5.It’s an agreement between towns or cities of similar size and age，which have similar features such as tourism，industry，culture and entertainment.
这是大小和历史相似的城镇或城市之间的协议，它们有相似的特点，如：旅游业、工业、文化和娱乐。
Ⅳ.课文语法填空
In 2000,147 world leaders agreed to work together to reduce poverty by 2024 1.or earlier.From this agreement came the Human Development Report.The report 2.mainly (main) includes two aspects.One is the Human Development Index，3.which measures the achievements of 175 countries in three ways：life expectancy,4.education(educate) and income.The 5.other is the Development Goals，and the most important ones are to：reduce poverty and hunger；make sure that all children have education up 6.to the age of 11；fight AIDS and other diseases；improve 7.the environment of poor people；encourage 8.developed (develop) countries to give more help to other countries.
9.Based (base) on some examples，the report finally shows that we are making some progress but 10.that we need to make greater efforts.
1
[应试指导] (1)科技类写作高频词汇；(2)develop非谓语动词句法功能的考查
1with the development of随着……的发展
2develop v.开发；发展；壮大；冲洗胶卷；增强；发育,develop from从……中长出来产生出，由……发展成,develop into使发展成/变成……
3developing adj.发展中的,4developed adj.发达的
(1)With the development of technology，computer also advances quickly.
随着技术的发展，计算机也在快速发展。
(2)These clashes could develop into open warfare.
这些冲突可能会发展成为公开的战争。
(3)In the developing world cigarette consumption is increasing.
在发展中国家，香烟的消费量正在上升。
多维训练
单句语法填空
(1)With the development(develop) of science and technology，an increasing number of people own private cars.
(2)Though China is a developing(develop) country now，its position in the world can’t be ignored.
(3)Are there any people suffering from hunger in developed(develop) countries，such as Britain，Germany and the US?
(4)The whole idea developed from a casual remark.
(5)Jane is developing into a fine figure of a young woman.
2
[应试指导] figure out作为高级词汇替换understand
[多词一义] figure out，work out，settle，solve
1keep one’s figure保持体形
2figure out弄懂；计算；想出，理解
figure on期待；指望
(1)She does exercise every morning to keep her figure.
她每天早上做运动以保持体形。
(2)I can’t figure out why he quit his job.
我琢磨不透他为什么要辞掉工作。
[图解助记]
多维训练
(1)写出下列句子中figure的汉语意思
①She has a good figure.身材
②By 2024，this figure had risen to 14 million.数字
③Chairman Mao is an important political figure.人物
④It is a waxwork(蜡) figure.塑像
(2)单句语法填空
①This doesn’t mean trying to figure out what’s wrong with the other person.
②Every woman wants a slim figure these days，especially here in the cities.
(3)用figure短语的正确形式填空
Have you figured out how much the trip has cost? I haven’t figured on costing so much money.To be honest，I can’t figure out what the money has been spent on.
3
[应试指导] 写作中作为高级词汇替换try one’s best
make every effort to do sth.尽一切努力做某事
in an effort to do sth.为了做某事
spare no efforts to do sth.不遗余力地做某事
without effort毫不费力地
with effort努力地，艰难地
(1)He is making an effort to catch up with others in study.
他在学习上正在努力赶上别人。
(2)They promised to spare no effort to help those who are in poverty.
他们承诺会不遗余力地帮助那些生活贫困的人。
(3)He passed the exam without effort.
他轻松地通过了考试。
多维训练
(1)单句语法填空
①Robin makes a great effort to learn Japanese and he has made progress in it.
②We should spare no effort to make(make) up for the lost time.
③They’ve been working night and day in an effort to get the bridge ready on time.
(2)完成句子
①He lifted the box without effort.
他毫不费力地把箱子搬起来。
②With effort she managed to stop herself laughing.
她好不容易才忍住了笑。
4
多维训练
(1)完成句子
①Please make a suit to my measure(按我的尺寸).
②His success was in some measure(在某种程度上) due to his being in the right place at the right time.
③The government should take measures to prevent(采取措施防止) pollution.
④Education shouldn’t be measured purely/only by(不应该仅仅用……来衡量) the examination results.
(2)单句改错
Measures have taken to bring down the high prices of daily goods to keep the market stable.have后加been
5
多维训练
(1)写出下列句子中position的汉语意思
①I’m not sure what I would do if I were in your position.处境
②She holds the position of sales manager.职位
③From his position on the cliff top，he had a good view of the harbour.位置
(2)单句语法填空
①If you were in my position，what would you do then?
②Sales director is a position where communication ability is just as important as sales skills.
6
多维训练
(1)单句语法填空
①It’s a bad time to travel by subway because crowds of people are rushing home from work at this hour.
②Fortunately，they got on the crowded(crowd) train.
③With the unsolved matters crowding(crowd) in on him，he couldn’t go to sleep.
④Half an hour before the performance began，the hall was already crowded with audience.
(2)完成句子
①Liu Qian’s act made the crowd(人群) burst into laughter.
②After making my way through a crowd of/crowds of people(一大群人)，I finally found a subway line that was operating.
7
多维训练
(1)用close或closely填空
①We are close friends.
②The boy followed his mother closely.
③Don’t stand so close to her.
(2)单句语法填空
①I got close enough to hear(hear) them speaking Chinese，and I said “Ni Hao” just as I might do in China.
②The new supermarket was once close to closing(close) down.But since the underground was opened，business has been picking up.
③When I saw her close up，I realised she wasn’t Jane.
(3)单句改错
Don’t get closely to me；I’m about to get seasick.closely→close
8 Norway is at the top of the list，while the US is at number 7.挪威高居榜首，而美国则排在第七。
while用法较多，既可用作连词，也可用作名词。,1表示“在……期间；当……时候”，指一段时间，引导时间状语从句；
2表示“只要”，引导条件状语从句；
3表示“虽然；尽管”，引导让步状语从句；
4表示“而；却”，是并列连词，构成并列句；
5用作名词，表示“一会儿；一段时间”，如after a while过了一会儿；once in a while偶尔，间或。
(1)He told two stories.The former was interesting while the latter was boring.
他讲了两个故事，前者很有趣，然而后者很枯燥。
(2)They arrived while we were having dinner.
他们来的时候，我们正在吃晚饭。
(3)While he has shortcomings，I still like him.
尽管他有缺点，我还是喜欢他。
多维训练
(1)写出下列句子中while的汉语意思
①While I admit that there are problems，I don’t agree that they cannot be solved.虽然；尽管
②While Mary was writing a letter，the children were playing outside.当……时候
③While there’s life there’s hope.只要
(2)单句改错
The south of the country grows richer，when the north grows poorer.when→while
9 It’s an agreement between towns or cities of similar size and age，and which have similar features such as tourism，industry，culture and entertainment.这是大小和历史相似的城镇或城市之间的协议，它们有相似的特点，如：旅游业、工业、文化和娱乐等等。
1“of＋抽象名词”可转化为相应的形容词。这类名词有value，use，importance，help，interest等。它们可用no，some，any，little，much，great等词修饰。
2有些抽象名词没有相应的形容词形式，这类名词包括size，weight，height，length，width，age，opinion，colour，price，kind，type，shape，way，quality等。这类名词根据具体的情景而变复数形式，也可在其前加冠词。
(1)Each hour，each minute，and each second is of great value to us.
每小时、每分钟、每秒钟对我们来说都很宝贵。
(2)The Americans are of almost all colours and races.
美国人几乎包括各种各样的肤色及种族。
(3)The products are of first rate quality.
这些产品的质量是一流的。
多维训练
(1)一句多译
①这两个男孩年龄相同。
a.The two boys are of the same age.(be of the＋n.)
b.The two boys are of an age.(be of＋n.)
②这本词典对英语学习者没有用。
a.The dictionary is of no use to learners of English.(be of＋n.)
b.The dictionary is useless to learners of English.(be＋adj.)
(2)单句改错
A good breakfast is of important to your health.important→importance或去掉of
