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Section 15 语法填空
高考英语语法填空有提示词解题技巧
1．括号内提供的是动词
首先，判断要填的动词是谓语动词还是非谓语动词。然后根据以下两点进行思考。
①若句中没有别的谓语动词，或者虽然已有谓语动词，但需填的动词与之是并列关系时，
Actually I believed I would work for a few years，get ________(marry)，stay home and raise a family，so I didn’t think the job I took mattered that much.
这个小题主要考查单句层次上的语法结构。该题的关键是判断宾语从句中有4个谓语动词，在从句中作并列谓语。
I believed I would work for a few years...
I would get
________(marry)．..
I would stay home...
I would raise a family...
答案 married
很清楚，get married在句子中与I would构成“主系表”结构。get married强调一种已婚的状态，相当于be married。如果没有get在前面，只能填入marry作谓语。显然语言的形式要结合上下文语境综合考虑，
②若句中已有谓语动词，又不是并列谓语时，所给动词就是非谓语动词；若是非谓语动词就要确定是v.－ing形式，－ed形式，还是不定式。确定的方法主要有：
作主语或宾语，通常用v.－ing形式表示习惯或一般情况，用不定式表示具体情况。如：
...but it is not enough only ________(memorize)rules
from a grammar book.
答案 memorizing
分析这个句子的成分可知，应memorizing...作真正的主语，前面的it是形式主语。
作伴随状语，通常用分词，若与逻辑主语是主动关系，用现在分词(v.－ing)；若是被动关系，用过去分词(done)。如：
________(see)from the top of the tower，the south
foot of the mountain is a sea of trees.
答案 Seen
从句中“is”可判断句中已有谓语了，表明句子不缺谓语，可知所给提示词“see”在句see”的逻辑主语就是句子的主语“the south foot of the
mountain”；第二，“the south foot of the mountain”和“see”之间是被动关系；第三，动词的过去分词表示被动关系，因此应填“Seen”。
It rained heavily in the south，________(cause) serious flooding in several provinces.
答案 causing
从句中“rained”可判定句子已有谓语了，说明所给提示词“cause”在句中作非谓语，“cause”与逻辑主语之间是主动关系，即“大雨导致洪涝”；现在分词表示主动关系，因此应填“causing”，作结果状语。
2．括号内提供的是形容词或副词
如果括号内提供的是形容词，一般是考查副词，即要变成副词形式；如果括号内提供的是副词，一般是考查形容词，即要变成形容词形式。如：
________(actual)I believed I would work for a few
years，get married，stay home and raise a family，so I didn’t
think the job I took mattered that much.
答案 More actually
该空需要填入副词actually在句子中作状语。有的考生填入more actually，虽然词性是对的，但是这里没有上下文比较的关系，逻辑语义不同，考生不能
再如：“Thirty－five cents，” she said ________(rude)．
答案 rudely 此处考查副词作状语的用法。括号内提供的是形容词，要用来修饰动词said，所以要使用副词形式。
但有时也要根据语境判断是否要变成名词或否定含义。如：
At last，her courage and ________(wise)impressed
both the CEO and Princeton University.
答案 wisdom 括号内提供的是形容词，但此空与前面的名词courage是并列成分，一起充当主语，所以要使用名词形式wisdom。
另外，通常有表示范围的in/of介词短语或形容词前有the时，一般要用最高级；than的前面一定要用比较级。如：
One of the ________(bad)gift choices I ever made
was for my high school English teacher...
因为这里是one of the＋名词复数的形式，表示……其中之一，因此范围是三者或三者以上，因此形容词需要用最高级的形式worst。
3．括号内提供的是名词
①括号内提供的如果是名词，尤其是单数名词，就应该考虑空格处是否需要填冠词(a，an，the)、物主代词(my，your，his等)、指示代词(this，that等)、不定代词(few，little，many，much，all，each，every，both，neither，other等)、名词所有格或形容词等对名词进行修饰。
②相反，如
One of my father’s favorite ________(say)as I was growing up was“Try it！”
答案 sayings
这道题主要考查考生在特定语境中正确使用名词复数的能力。考查考生是否知道“one of＋名词的复数形式”在句子中作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。
本句中as引导时间状语从句，表达的功能是“时空”概念。该从句没有直接放在主句之后，而是进行了插入，放在了主句的主语之后，进行强调。完整的主句是：One of my father’s favorite ________(say)was “Try it”．从该句的主系表结构中可以看出，one of my father’s favorite ________(say)在句子中作主语。
say要做两次转换：首先要转换成为名词；再将名词转为相应的复数形式。say的名词是saying，其复数形式是sayings。考生如果写对了saying只是做到了词形正确，同时还要保持单词的正确。所以正确答案是sayings。
③当括号内提供的是名词时，还可能考查形容词。如：
There，my voice sounds really ________(wonder) because there’s a slight echo to it.
答案 wonderful 括号内提供的是名词，但此空作系动词sounds的表语，所以要使用形容词形式。
有时也可能考查副词、动词等。如：
A certain man planted a rose and watered it ________(faith)and before it blossomed，he examined it.
答案 faithfully 括号内提供的是名词，但此空在句中作状语，修饰动词watered，所以要变成副词。注意：先将名词faith变成形容词faithful，然后再变成副词faithfully。
A
(2024·全国)Chengdu has dozens of new millionaires, Asia’s biggest buildings, and fancy new hotels.But for tourists like me, pandas are its top__1__(attract)．
So it was a great honour to be invited backstage at the not－for－profit Panda Base, where ticket money helps pay for research, I__2__(allow)to get up close to these cute animals at the 00－acre centre.From tomorrow, I will be their UK ambassador.The title will be__3__(official) given to me at a ceremony in London.But my connection with pandas goes back__4__my days on a TV show in the mid－1980s，__5__I was the first Western TV reporter__6__(permit) to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild.My ambassadorial duties will include__7__(introduce) British visitors to the 120－plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research in the misty mountains of Bifengxia.
On my recent visit, I held a lively three－month－old twin that had been rejected by__8__(it) mother.The nursery team switches him every few__9__( day) with his sister so that while one is being bottle－fed，__10__other is with mum—she never suspects.
B
(2024·全国)If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify (识别)those of __1__(great)and less importance.Then, handle the most important tasks first so you’ll feel a real sense of __2__ (achieve)．Leaving the less important things until tomorrow
__3__ (be) often acceptable.
Most of us are more focused __4__our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day.So, get an early start and try to be as productive __5__ possible before lunch.This will give you the confidence you need to get you through the afternoon and go home feeling accomplished.
Recent __6__(study) show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks__7__(regular)．Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for__8__while, exercising, or dong something you enjoy.
If you find something you love doing outside of the office, you’ll be less likely __9__ (bring) your work home.It could be anything—gardening, cooking, music, sports—but whatever it is，__10__ (make) sure it’s a relief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about.
C
(2024·全国)In much of Asia，especially the so－called “rice bowl” cultures of China，Japan，Korea，__1__Vietnam，food is usually eaten with chopsticks.
Chopsticks are usually two long，thin pieces of wood or bamboo.They can also be made of plastic，animal bone or metal.Sometimes chopsticks are quite artistic.Truly elegant chopsticks might__2__(make)of gold and silver with Chinese characters.Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal __3__(create)special designs.
The Chinese have used chopsticks for five thousand years.People probably cooked their food in large pots, __4__(use)twigs(树枝)to remove it.Over time，__5__the population grew，people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly.
Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which__6__(gradual)turned into chopsticks.
Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius，__7__lived from roughly 551 to 479 B．C.，influenced the__8__(develop)of chopsticks.Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and __9__(be)too violent for use at the table.
Chopsticks are not used everywhere in Asia.In India，for example，most people traditionally eat 10__their hands.
D
(2024·四川高考)The giant panda__1__(love) by people throughout the world.Chinese scientists __2__(recent) had a chance to study a wild female panda with a newborn baby.She was a very __3__(care)mother.For 25 days，she never left her baby，not even to find something __4__(eat)！She would not let any other pandas come near.She licked the baby constantly to keep it clean.Any smell might attract natural __5__(enemy)that would try to eat the little panda.The mother held the baby in her front paws much the way a human does.__6__it cried，she rocked it back and forth and gave it little comforting pats.The mother continued to care for the young panda __7__more than two years.By that time，the panda no longer needed __8__(it)mother for food.However，it stayed with her and learned about the ways of the forest.Then，after two and a half years，the mother __9__(drive)the young panda away.It was time for her to have a new baby，__10__it was also time for the young panda to be independent.
A
(2024·全国)
Yangshuo，China
It was raining lightly when I __1__ (arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn.But I didn’t care.A few hours __2__，I’d been at home in Hong Kong，with __3__ (it) choking smog.Here，the air was clean and fresh，even with the rain.
I’d skipped nearby Guilin，a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River __4__ are pictured by artists in so many Chinese __5__ (painting)．Instead，I’d headed straight for Yangshuo.For those who fly to Guilin，it’s only an hour away __6__ car and offers all the scenery of the better－known city.
Yangshuo __7__ (be) really beautiful.A study of travelers __8__ (conduct) by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world.And the town is fast becoming a popular weekend destination for people in Asia.Abercrombie & Kent，a travel company in Hong Kong，says it __9__ (regular) arranges quick getaways here for people __10__ (live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong.
B
(2024·全国)The adobe dwellings(土坯房)__1__(build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even __2__ most modern of architects and engineers.In addition to their simple beauty，what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their __3__(able) to “air condition”a house without __4__(use)electric equipment.Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat __5__(slow)during cool nights，thus warming the house.When a new day breaks，the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough __6__ (cool) the house during the hot day：__7__ the same time，they warm up again for the night.This cycle
__8__
(go) day after day: The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and are thus always a timely offset(抵消)for the outside temperatures.As__9__(nature) architects，the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly__10__thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.
C
(2024·广东高考)Mr.Johnson lived in the woods with his wife and children.He owned __1__ farm, which looked almost abandoned.__2__ (lucky), he also had a cow which produced milk every day.He sold or exchanged some of the milk in the towns nearby __3__ other food and made cheese and butter for the family with what __4__ (leave)．The cow was their only means of support, in fact.One day, the cow was eating grass __5__ it began to rain heavily.While making great efforts to run away, she __6__ (fall) over the hill and died.Then the Johnsons had to make a living __7__ the cow.In order to support his family, Mr.Johnson began to plant herbs and vegetables.Since the plants took a while to grow, he started cutting down trees __8__ (sell) the wood.Thinking about his children’s clothes, he started growing cotton too.When harvest came around, he was already selling herbs, vegetables and cotton in the market __9__ people from the towns met regularly.Now it occurred to __10__ that his farm had much potential and that the death of the cow was a bit of luck.
D
(2024·新课标全国Ⅰ)Are you facing a situation that looks impossible to fix?
In 1969，the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River near Cleveland，Ohio.It __1__ (be) unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up.The river was so polluted that it __2__(actual) caught fire and burned.Now，years later，this river is one of __3__ most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup.
But the river wasn’t changed in a few days __4__ even a few months.It took years of work __5__ (reduce) the industrial pollution and clean the water.Finally，that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is __6__(clean) than ever.
Maybe you are facing an impossible situation.Maybe you have a habit __7__ is driving your family crazy.Possibly you drink too much or don’t know how to control your credit card use.When you face such an impossible situation，don’t you want a quick fix and something to change immediately?
While there are __8__ (amaze) stories of instant transformation，for most of us the
__9__(change) are gradual and require a lot of effort and work，like cleaning up a polluted river.Just be __10__(patience)．
E
(2024·新课标全国)One morning，I was waiting at the bus stop，worried about __1__ (be) late for school.There were many people waiting at the bus stop，__2__ some of them looked very anxious and __3__(disappoint)．When the bus finally came，we all hurried on board.I got a place next __4__ the window，so I had a good view of the sidewalk.A boy on a bike __5__ (catch) my attention.He was riding beside the bus and waving his arms.I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver，but he refused __6__(stop) until we reached the next stop.Still，the boy kept __7__(ride)．He was carrying something over his shoulder and shouting.Finally，when we came to the next stop，the boy ran up to the door of the bus.I heard an excited conversation.Then the driver stood up and asked，“__8__ anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop？”A woman on the bus shouted，“Oh dear！It ’s __9 (I )”．She pushed her way to the driver and took the suitcase thankfully.Everyone on the bus began talking about what the boy had done，and the crowd of strangers __10__(sudden) became friendly to one another.
F
(2024·辽宁高考)
Jonny：Hey！I’m just practicing Tai Chi(太极)．Would you like to join me?
Peter：I know nothing about it.Is it difficult?
Jonny：It seems easy，but you need a lot of practice.You just follow me like this.
Peter：OK.Don’t laugh
__1__
me.I may look funny.
Jonny：Bend your knees slightly and reach out your arms like tree branches，naturally
and __2__(soft)．Try to keep your body straight.Move slowly，then be sure to keep your balance and don’t let your body shake.
Peter：I cannot control my body well.My legs become
__3__
(pain)．
Jonny：Keep
__4__
(hold) your position for a while.It helps develop your strength and flexibility.Raise your leg and let
__5__
stay in the air for seconds.
Peter：I feel my legs shaking.I cannot do this any longer.
Jonny：Be patient！Tai Chi
__6__
(call)“shadow boxing”in English.It asks you to act like water：to be flexible as well
__7__
strong.In real competition，a Tai Chi master borrows the strength of the competitor and uses this energy to fight back.The
