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专题技能突破(14)语法填空之时态语态
【技能讲解】 1.若括号内提供的是动词，一般需要根据语境变成恰当的时态，如过去时、进行时、完成时；2.当主语和动词是被动关系时，还需要变成被动语态。典例剖析
1.[2024·课标全国卷]It was raining lightly when I
________ (arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn.
[答案] arrived 根据语境判断本空处时态应该和was一致，应填arrived。
2．[2024·广东高考]While making great efforts to run away, she ________ (fall) over the hill and died.
[答案] fell 根据上下文的时态推断用过去时fell。
3．[2024·陕西咸阳模拟]In order to get good marks in the coming exam, my son ________ (study) late every night in the past three weeks.
[答案] has been studying 句意：为了在即将来临的考试中获得好成绩，在过去的3周内我儿子每晚都学习到深夜。根据时间状语“in the past three weeks”可知设空处应该用现在完成进行时。
4．[2024·广东高考]He sold or exchanged some of the milk in the towns nearby
for
other food and made cheese and butter for the family with what ________ (leave)．
[答案] was left 根据语境判断出what引导宾语从句，what在从句中作主语，leave和what之间是被动关系，应填was left。
5．Mrs
Weldon ________ (weigh) only fifty kilograms, she looks as if she is very weak.
[答案] weighs weigh有及物动词、不及物动词两种用法，作及物动词时是“称……的重量”，作不及物动词时是“重……”，根据句意，应该是“Mrs Weldon重……”，所以weigh在本句中作不及物动词，无被动。再综合下文looks的时态，应填weighs。此处学生容易误填is weighed，有类似用法的还有measure。
6．[2024·天津高考]Despite the previous rounds of talks, no agreement ________ (reach) so far by the two sides.
[答案] has been reached 根据so far可知，应用现在完成时，而agreement与谓语动词之间为被动关系，所以用现在完成时的被动语态。
技能点拨 对时间状语的分析，可以帮助判断合适的时态，如since, so far等常用完成时，ago, the other day等常用过去时。在对时态判断完成后，还要考虑语态是主动还是被动，综合时态语态的运用，才能做对题。
技能演练
用括号内单词的正确形式填空
1．What Tai Chi does for the body
________ (attract) the attention of western scientists until now.
答案：has attracted 由until now判断使用完成时。
2．Since then, the little cloud ________ (travel) all over the world, enjoying the views of all the forests and beautiful countryside.
答案：has travelled 由 since then 判断使用完成时。
3．He ________ (eat) something at home when he received a strange phone call from a hospital.
答案：was eating “be doing...when...”固定用法。
4．Most of people think that the use of cellphones should
________ (ban) while they are driving, because in that case accidents can easily happen.
答案：be banned 开车打电话应是“被”禁止，注意ban，需双写n加ed。
5．Each year approximately 110 teachers and experts ________ (employ) from more than twenty countries to teach at BFSU.
答案：are employed 分析语境应用被动语态，注意employ后直接加ed，不需要变y为i。
专题技能突破(14)语法填空之时态语态
【技能讲解】 1.若括号内提供的是动词，一般需要根据语境变成恰当的时态，如过去时、进行时、完成时；2.当主语和动词是被动关系时，还需要变成被动语态。典例剖析
1.[2024·课标全国卷]It was raining lightly when I
________ (arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn.
[答案] arrived 根据语境判断本空处时态应该和was一致，应填arrived。
2．[2024·广东高考]While making great efforts to run away, she ________ (fall) over the hill and died.
[答案] fell 根据上下文的时态推断用过去时fell。
3．[2024·陕西咸阳模拟]In order to get good marks in the coming exam, my son ________ (study) late every night in the past three weeks.
[答案] has been studying 句意：为了在即将来临的考试中获得好成绩，在过去的3周内我儿子每晚都学习到深夜。根据时间状语“in the past three weeks”可知设空处应该用现在完成进行时。
4．[2024·广东高考]He sold or exchanged some of the milk in the towns nearby
for
other food and made cheese and butter for the family with what ________ (leave)．
[答案] was left 根据语境判断出what引导宾语从句，what在从句中作主语，leave和what之间是被动关系，应填was left。
5．Mrs
Weldon ________ (weigh) only fifty kilograms, she looks as if she is very weak.
[答案] weighs weigh有及物动词、不及物动词两种用法，作及物动词时是“称……的重量”，作不及物动词时是“重……”，根据句意，应该是“Mrs Weldon重……”，所以weigh在本句中作不及物动词，无被动。再综合下文looks的时态，应填weighs。此处学生容易误填is weighed，有类似用法的还有measure。
6．[2024·天津高考]Despite the previous rounds of talks, no agreement ________ (reach) so far by the two sides.
[答案] has been reached 根据so far可知，应用现在完成时，而agreement与谓语动词之间为被动关系，所以用现在完成时的被动语态。
技能点拨 对时间状语的分析，可以帮助判断合适的时态，如since, so far等常用完成时，ago, the other day等常用过去时。在对时态判断完成后，还要考虑语态是主动还是被动，综合时态语态的运用，才能做对题。
技能演练
用括号内单词的正确形式填空
1．What Tai Chi does for the body
________ (attract) the attention of western scientists until now.
答案：has attracted 由until now判断使用完成时。
2．Since then, the little cloud ________ (travel) all over the world, enjoying the views of all the forests and beautiful countryside.
答案：has travelled 由 since then 判断使用完成时。
3．He ________ (eat) something at home when he received a strange phone call from a hospital.
答案：was eating “be doing...when...”固定用法。
4．Most of people think that the use of cellphones should
________ (ban) while they are driving, because in that case accidents can easily happen.
答案：be banned 开车打电话应是“被”禁止，注意ban，需双写n加ed。
5．Each year approximately 110 teachers and experts ________ (employ) from more than twenty countries to teach at BFSU.
答案：are employed 分析语境应用被动语态，注意employ后直接加ed，不需要变y为i。
