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第三章 还原句子结构△点拨△
命题人可以利用强调句、被动句、疑问句、倒装句、感叹句、拆分句等特殊结构来改变句子的正常词序，造成搭配上的假象，从而达到干扰的目的。这类题有相当大的迷惑性，极易导致学生上当。解此类题最可靠的方法是“还原法”。只要恢复了它的庐山真面目，答案就一目了然了。
△训练△
[每小题0.5分，共30小题；满分15分] 得分：________1.Bob seems to have never been ________ his wife's parents, even herself, seriously.
A．facing
B．taking
C．seeing
D．telling
答案 B [take...seriously是“认真对待……”的意思。]
2．The number of people ________ this happens is not very large.
A．with whom
B．to which
C．to whom
D．on which
答案 C [这是sth.happens to sb.结构。句意：发生过这事的人的数目不是很大。]
3．________ part women ________ in society is great.
A．The；play
B．A；take
C．A；play
D．The；take
答案 A [由play a part in搭配可排除B、D，part后跟了定语从句，那就表示特指了，所以要用the。]
4．The old woman had a letter from her son in the army ________ to her.(2011·四川成都七中高三上学期入学考试)
A．read
B．write
C．written
D．received
答案 A [have a letter read是“请人读信”的意思。]
5．How ________ he looked and turned and looked, ________ and even a little ________， at the boy!
A．surprised；surprisedly；angrily
B．surprisedly；surprised；angry
C．angrily；surprisedly；angry
D．angry；surprised；angrily
答案 A [第一个looked是“看起来”的意思，所以该用：look ＋ adj.；第二个looked...(at)为“看”的意思，所以该用：look ＋ adv.。故选A。]
6．Which do you feel like ________ time on the train, chatting with friends or just reading something?
A．to kill
B．to share
C．killing
D．sharing
答案 A [which作了feel like的宾语，此空需填不定式表目的，kill time是固定短语，意为“打发时间”。]
7．Is this factory ________ you visited last year?
A．which
B．that
C．the one
D．where
答案 C [此空需填定语从句的先行词，变为陈述语序：This factory is the one (that)you visited last year.。]
8．Is ________ he told us true?
A．what
B．that
C．one
D．it
答案 A [此句变为陈述语序：What he told us is true.]
9．What way are you thinking of ________ rid of the flies?
A．to get
B．getting
C．being got
D．to be getting
答案 A [不定式表目的。]
10．Is this the tape recorder you want to ________？
A．repair it
B．have it repaired
C．being repaired
D．have repaired
答案 D [the tape recorder后接一个定语从句，have the tape recorder repaired“叫人修理录音机”。]
11．—What did she ________ so much money?
—Nothing but a necklace made of glass.(2011·重庆万州二中高三秋季开学测试)
A．spend on
B．pay for
C．cost for
D．sell for
答案 D [句意：她卖了什么得这么多的钱？若选A、B则需将so much money置于spend/pay之后才正确；若选C主语一般需是“物”。]
12．What do you imagine ________ to Jim in the past few weeks?
A．happened
B．has happened
C．happening
D．to happen
答案 B [do you imagine 是插入语，所以此空该填谓语动词，即可排除C、D，“in the past/last＋段时间”常与现在完成时连用。故选B。]
13．Is ________ likely to be any food at the party on Sunday?
A．he
B．it
C．there
D．that
答案 C [这是there be句型的一个将来时形式。意为：星期天的晚会上会“有”吃的吗？]
14．________ either you or I to go?
A．Am
B．Are
C．Is
D．Was
答案 B [不管是陈述句还是疑问句，either...or...的主谓一致要根据就近原则，故选B。]
15．If your mother and wife are very ill at the same time and you can only help one at a time, whom would you rather have ________ to the hospital first?
A．send
B．sending
C．sent
D．to be sent
答案 C [人是被送到医院的，所以该用被动，排除A、B，正常语序应为：...you would rather have whom sent to the...。]
16．Who would you rather ________ you tomorrow? (2011·江西修水一中高三上学期第一次月考)
A．had helped
B．help
C．to help
D．helped
答案 D [would rather ＋从句，常用一般过去时表达对将来的愿望。]
17．________ there with you?
A．Isn't he to go
B．Isn't he go
C．Is he not go
D．Is he not to going
答案 A [可变为陈述语序：He isn't to go there with you.，其中be to do sth.是一种将来时态。]
18．What has he given up ________ us physics?
A．is to teach
B．to teach
C．teaching
D．taught
答案 B [不定式表示目的。注意：...given up的宾语是what。]
19．Was the wood ________ this bridge cut out from that hill?
A．used to building
B．used to build
C．was used to building
D．was used to build
答案 B [相当于．..the wood that / which was used to build...。]
20．The Chinese premier has stated that at ________ time will China use the nuclear weapon first.
A．no
B．one
C．any
D．some
答案 A [at no time是“决不”的意思，位于句首时，主谓需要部分倒装。]
21．Zhang Hua is clever and works hard at his lessons.________.
A．So is Li Ming
B．So does Li Ming
C．It was the same with Li Ming
D．So it is with Li Ming
答案 D [前一句里出现了两个不同的谓语动词，所以该用“so it is＋主语”或“It is the same with ＋主语”。注：C项中的was改为is就对了。]
22．I'll spend my holiday in Shanghai, ________ lives my uncle
.(2011·江苏盐城市高三上学期摸底考试)
A．who
B．which
C．where
D．that
答案 C [这是定语从句，从句中使用了倒装语序，my uncle是主语，lives是谓语，从句缺地点状语。故选C。]
23．The question came up at the meeting ________ we had enough money for our research.
A．that
B．which
C．whether
D．if
答案 C [这是一个同位语从句。句意：会上提出了我们“是否”有足够多的钱来进行研究的问题。注：if 一般不引导同位语从句。]
24．On the grass ________ sheep.
A．lies
B．lie
C．lying
D．laid
答案 B [sheep的单复数同形，由于sheep前没限定词，所以必须看作复数，该句的正常语序为：Sheep lie on the grass.。]
25．—Jenny looks hot and dry.
—So ________ you if you had a high fever.(2011·长沙雅礼中学高三第一次月考)
A．will
B．do
C．are
D．would
答案 D [这是虚拟语气。]
26．There is a new problem involved in the popularity of private cars ________ road conditions need to be improved.
A．that
B．which
C．where
D．when
答案 A [这是一个同位语从句，解释a new problem具体内容。that在从句中不作成分，仅起连接作用。]
27．How many students do you consider ________ the meeting?
A．had attended
B．being attended
C．to have attended
D．attending
答案 C [这是consider sb.to do sth.结构，其中的不定式作宾补。若选A，需将had改为have。]
28．To a small and faraway town like this, a car accident is always considered ________ interest, so people soon gathered around.
A．as
B．of
C．by
D．in
答案 B [这是“of＋抽象名词”结构作主补，of interest ＝ interesting。若选A，需在as后加an。]
29．What else was there in my brother ________ you didn't like?
A．who
B．whom
C．which
D．that
答案 D [这是一个定语从句，先行词是疑问代词what else，故用that，不用who(m)/ which。]
30．The time is not far away________ modern communications will become widespread in China's vast countryside.
A．as
B．when
C．until
D．before
答案 B [这是一个分隔性的定语从句，先行词是the time。]
第三章 还原句子结构△点拨△
命题人可以利用强调句、被动句、疑问句、倒装句、感叹句、拆分句等特殊结构来改变句子的正常词序，造成搭配上的假象，从而达到干扰的目的。这类题有相当大的迷惑性，极易导致学生上当。解此类题最可靠的方法是“还原法”。只要恢复了它的庐山真面目，答案就一目了然了。
△训练△
[每小题0.5分，共30小题；满分15分] 得分：________1.Bob seems to have never been ________ his wife's parents, even herself, seriously.
A．facing
B．taking
C．seeing
D．telling
答案 B [take...seriously是“认真对待……”的意思。]
2．The number of people ________ this happens is not very large.
A．with whom
B．to which
C．to whom
D．on which
答案 C [这是sth.happens to sb.结构。句意：发生过这事的人的数目不是很大。]
3．________ part women ________ in society is great.
A．The；play
B．A；take
C．A；play
D．The；take
答案 A [由play a part in搭配可排除B、D，part后跟了定语从句，那就表示特指了，所以要用the。]
4．The old woman had a letter from her son in the army ________ to her.(2011·四川成都七中高三上学期入学考试)
A．read
B．write
C．written
D．received
答案 A [have a letter read是“请人读信”的意思。]
5．How ________ he looked and turned and looked, ________ and even a little ________， at the boy!
A．surprised；surprisedly；angrily
B．surprisedly；surprised；angry
C．angrily；surprisedly；angry
D．angry；surprised；angrily
答案 A [第一个looked是“看起来”的意思，所以该用：look ＋ adj.；第二个looked...(at)为“看”的意思，所以该用：look ＋ adv.。故选A。]
6．Which do you feel like ________ time on the train, chatting with friends or just reading something?
A．to kill
B．to share
C．killing
D．sharing
答案 A [which作了feel like的宾语，此空需填不定式表目的，kill time是固定短语，意为“打发时间”。]
7．Is this factory ________ you visited last year?
A．which
B．that
C．the one
D．where
答案 C [此空需填定语从句的先行词，变为陈述语序：This factory is the one (that)you visited last year.。]
8．Is ________ he told us true?
A．what
B．that
C．one
D．it
答案 A [此句变为陈述语序：What he told us is true.]
9．What way are you thinking of ________ rid of the flies?
A．to get
B．getting
C．being got
D．to be getting
答案 A [不定式表目的。]
10．Is this the tape recorder you want to ________？
A．repair it
B．have it repaired
C．being repaired
D．have repaired
答案 D [the tape recorder后接一个定语从句，have the tape recorder repaired“叫人修理录音机”。]
11．—What did she ________ so much money?
—Nothing but a necklace made of glass.(2011·重庆万州二中高三秋季开学测试)
A．spend on
B．pay for
C．cost for
D．sell for
答案 D [句意：她卖了什么得这么多的钱？若选A、B则需将so much money置于spend/pay之后才正确；若选C主语一般需是“物”。]
12．What do you imagine ________ to Jim in the past few weeks?
A．happened
B．has happened
C．happening
D．to happen
答案 B [do you imagine 是插入语，所以此空该填谓语动词，即可排除C、D，“in the past/last＋段时间”常与现在完成时连用。故选B。]
13．Is ________ likely to be any food at the party on Sunday?
A．he
B．it
C．there
D．that
答案 C [这是there be句型的一个将来时形式。意为：星期天的晚会上会“有”吃的吗？]
14．________ either you or I to go?
A．Am
B．Are
C．Is
D．Was
答案 B [不管是陈述句还是疑问句，either...or...的主谓一致要根据就近原则，故选B。]
15．If your mother and wife are very ill at the same time and you can only help one at a time, whom would you rather have ________ to the hospital first?
A．send
B．sending
C．sent
D．to be sent
答案 C [人是被送到医院的，所以该用被动，排除A、B，正常语序应为：...you would rather have whom sent to the...。]
16．Who would you rather ________ you tomorrow? (2011·江西修水一中高三上学期第一次月考)
A．had helped
B．help
C．to help
D．helped
答案 D [would rather ＋从句，常用一般过去时表达对将来的愿望。]
17．________ there with you?
A．Isn't he to go
B．Isn't he go
C．Is he not go
D．Is he not to going
答案 A [可变为陈述语序：He isn't to go there with you.，其中be to do sth.是一种将来时态。]
18．What has he given up ________ us physics?
A．is to teach
B．to teach
C．teaching
D．taught
答案 B [不定式表示目的。注意：...given up的宾语是what。]
19．Was the wood ________ this bridge cut out from that hill?
A．used to building
B．used to build
C．was used to building
D．was used to build
答案 B [相当于．..the wood that / which was used to build...。]
20．The Chinese premier has stated that at ________ time will China use the nuclear weapon first.
A．no
B．one
C．any
D．some
答案 A [at no time是“决不”的意思，位于句首时，主谓需要部分倒装。]
21．Zhang Hua is clever and works hard at his lessons.________.
A．So is Li Ming
B．So does Li Ming
C．It was the same with Li Ming
D．So it is with Li Ming
答案 D [前一句里出现了两个不同的谓语动词，所以该用“so it is＋主语”或“It is the same with ＋主语”。注：C项中的was改为is就对了。]
22．I'll spend my holiday in Shanghai, ________ lives my uncle
.(2011·江苏盐城市高三上学期摸底考试)
A．who
B．which
C．where
D．that
答案 C [这是定语从句，从句中使用了倒装语序，my uncle是主语，lives是谓语，从句缺地点状语。故选C。]
23．The question came up at the meeting ________ we had enough money for our research.
A．that
B．which
C．whether
D．if
答案 C [这是一个同位语从句。句意：会上提出了我们“是否”有足够多的钱来进行研究的问题。注：if 一般不引导同位语从句。]
24．On the grass ________ sheep.
A．lies
B．lie
C．lying
D．laid
答案 B [sheep的单复数同形，由于sheep前没限定词，所以必须看作复数，该句的正常语序为：Sheep lie on the grass.。]
25．—Jenny looks hot and dry.
—So ________ you if you had a high fever.(2011·长沙雅礼中学高三第一次月考)
A．will
B．do
C．are
D．would
答案 D [这是虚拟语气。]
26．There is a new problem involved in the popularity of private cars ________ road conditions need to be improved.
A．that
B．which
C．where
D．when
答案 A [这是一个同位语从句，解释a new problem具体内容。that在从句中不作成分，仅起连接作用。]
27．How many students do you consider ________ the meeting?
A．had attended
B．being attended
C．to have attended
D．attending
答案 C [这是consider sb.to do sth.结构，其中的不定式作宾补。若选A，需将had改为have。]
28．To a small and faraway town like this, a car accident is always considered ________ interest, so people soon gathered around.
A．as
B．of
C．by
D．in
答案 B [这是“of＋抽象名词”结构作主补，of interest ＝ interesting。若选A，需在as后加an。]
29．What else was there in my brother ________ you didn't like?
A．who
B．whom
C．which
D．that
答案 D [这是一个定语从句，先行词是疑问代词what else，故用that，不用who(m)/ which。]
30．The time is not far away________ modern communications will become widespread in China's vast countryside.
A．as
B．when
C．until
D．before
答案 B [这是一个分隔性的定语从句，先行词是the time。]
