【简介】感谢网友“雕龙文库”参与投稿，这里小编给大家分享一些，方便大家学习。
话题词汇
1．circumstance n．情况；形势；环境
2．conservation n．保存；保护
3．protect v．保护
4．recycle v．回收；再循环
5．waste v．浪费
6．pollution n．污染
7．take measures to do sth.采取措施做某事
8．run out of用完；用尽
9．realize the importance of environment 意识到环境的重要性
10．arouse people’s awareness of environmental protection提高人们的环保意识
经典语篇 (2024·重庆)
调查显示，中国长江江豚(finless porpoise)受人类活动影响而濒临灭绝，目前总数不足1 000只。假设你是李华，请用英文给WWF(世界自然保护基金组织)写一封信，请他们关注这一状况并提供帮助。内容应包括：
·说明写信目的
·简述江豚现状
·希望WWF如何帮助(比如：资助江豚保护项目等)
·表示感谢并期待回复
注意：1.词数不少于80；
2．书信格式及开头均已给出(不计入总词数)。
Dear Sir or Madam，
I’m a student from Chongqing，China.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
佳作欣赏
Dear Sir or Madam，
I’m a student from Chongqing，China.Today I am writing to you to ask for your help to improve the situation the finless porpoise is faced with in the Yangtze River.
Because of the behavior of our human beings，the finless porpoise in the Yangtze River has been greatly influenced and will be endangered.① According to the report，its total number is less than 1,000 now.② In order to prevent them from dying out，we have founded a project，but we have difficulty in running it for lack of fund.
If you would like to help，you can provide it with necessary money.Besides，you can give us relevant training in protecting them.With your help，we believe we can improve the living environment of the finless porpoise soon，thus increasing its number.③
If we can get you help，we will be very thankful.④ We’re looking forward to your early reply.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
思维发散
1．用定语从句合并第①、②两句
As is reported，the finless porpoise in the Yangtze River，whose total number has been reduced to less than 1,000，has become endangered due to human activities.
2．仿照第③句用现在分词作结果状语完成句子
More children in Beijing will reach school age next year，creating a shortage of primary school teachers in the capital.
明年在北京有更多的孩子到了上学的年龄，这导致首都小学教师短缺。(2024·江西南昌模拟)
3．用appreciate改写第④句
We would appreciate it if we could get your help.
Ⅰ.重点单词
A．写作单词
1．beyond (prep.)超出
2．refer (v.)指，意即
reference (n.)提到，谈及；参考，查询
3．recycle (vt.)回收利用
4．changeable (adj.)多变的
change (v.&n.)变；改变
5．arm (vt.)武装
6．separation (n.)分离，分开
separate (adj.)分开的
(v.)分离，分开
7．means (n.)方法
8．politics (n.)政治(活动)
political (adj.)政治的；政治上的
politician (n.)政治家
9．calculate (vt.)计算，算出
calculator (n.)计算器
B．阅读单词
10．trap (vt.)使困住
(n.)陷阱，夹子
11．reserve (n.)保护区
(v.)保护
reservation (n.)保护
12．principle (n.)原则，道德准则
13．relevant (adj.)有关的
14．coincidence (n.)巧合
15．condemn (vt.)迫使(某人)陷入不幸的境地；谴责
16．sacrifice (vt.&vi.)牺牲；献出
17．advocate (vt.)主张，提倡
18．substitute (n.)代替品，代用品
(v.)替代
19．threaten (vt.)威胁
threat (n.)威胁
20．seize (vt.)依法没收；(用武力)夺取
21．behalf (n.)代表
22．construct (vt.)建造
construction (n.)建造
23．potential (n.)可能性；潜在性
24．adopt (vt.)采用
25．considerate (adj.)想得周到的，体贴的
consider (vt.)考虑
consideration (n.)考虑
26．finance (n.)资金
financial (adj.)财务的，金融的
27．allocate (vt.)分配
28．sharpen (vt.)削尖
sharp (adj.)尖的
29．rough (adj.)艰难的
30．valid (adj.)有充分理由的
Ⅱ.重点短语
1．a number of一些
2．beyond one’s control超出/不受……的控制
3．look ahead展望未来
4．in turn依次；轮流
5．lead to导致；通向；引起
6．take action采取行动
7．ahead of在……前面
8．apart from除……以外
9．answer for(对已产生的不良后果)负责任
10．call for an end to sth.要求结束……
11．or else否则，不然
12．wrap up包起来；席卷而去；结束
13．on one’s behalf代表某人；代表
14．for good永远
15．carry off掠走，夺走
16．all in all总的来说
17．result in导致
18．earn one’s living谋生
19．plug one’s ears塞住耳朵
20．all the best祝一切顺利
21．sum up总结，概括
22．as a matter of fact实际上
23．break away from摆脱，脱离 (某种思想体系、团体、组织)
Ⅲ.经典句式
1．Without these naturally occurring gases，the sun’s rays would bounce back into space leaving the Earth cold and impossible to live on.
如果没有这些自然产生的气体，太阳光将会被反射回太空去，地球将处于寒冷之中，不适合生命的存在。
2．In the last few decades, scientists have reached consensus and reported that human beings are causing changes in the Earth’s climate...
在过去几十年里，科学家们已达成一致并报道说人类正改变着地球的气候……
3．Given this data，it seems that the link between human activities and rising global temperatures is not merely a coincidence.
鉴于这些数据，好像人类活动与正在升高的地球温度之间的联系并不仅仅只是巧合而已。
4．The last few years have seen environmental disasters on a grand scale，and experts are predicting far worse to come.
近几年一些环境灾难大面积地出现，专家们预测更坏的局面即将来临。
5．There has been terrible flooding in Asia, Africa, America and Oceania.
亚洲、非洲、美洲和大洋洲都发生过可怕的洪涝灾害。
Ⅳ.课文语法填空
In the last few decades，it has been reported that Earth’s climate is being changed and human beings will face 1.global(globe) warming.Global warming refers to 2.an average increase in the Earth’s temperature 3.that, in turn，leads to climate change.Over the last 100 years，the global average temperature has increased 4.by 1 and many experts insist that the blame for this global warming can mostly be pinned 5.on human activities.6.The link between human activities and 7.rising(rise) global temperatures is not merely a coincidence.8.If we continue to produce carbon dioxide and other gases in such huge 9.quantities(quantity), we are condemning life on Earth.Governments all over the world have a 10.responsibility(responsible) to reduce the amount of carbon dioxide.
1
trap n.夹子；陷阱；困境；圈套；v.使困住，使陷于；使落网
[应试指导] 非谓语动词句法功能的考查
1set/lay a trap for设下圈套
be caught in a trap＝fall into a trap落入陷阱
2be trapped in 被困在……
trap sb.into doing...诱骗某人做……
(1)She had set/laid a trap for him and he had walked straight into it.
她给他设下圈套，他就径直钻了进去。
(2)She was trapped in the burning house at that moment.
那时她被困在燃烧着的房子里。
多维训练
(1)单句语法填空
①Were you just trying to trap her into making a mistaken decision?
②Her mother Donna was trapped(trap) in the destroyed building.
③Mary set a trap for Peter and he really fell into it.
(2)同义句改写
He was trapped in a traffic jam，so he had to be patient，waiting.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)
Trapped in a traffic jam，he had to be patient，waiting.
2
reserve v.贮存；保留；预订；保护；n.储备；贮藏；保护区
[应试指导] 作为高级词汇替换book
1reserve sth.for...为……保留某物
reserve the right to do sth.保留做某事的权利
2in reserve备用,with/without reserve有没有保留地
3reservation n.预订；权利等的保留；保护
make a reservation预订，预约
(1)Firstly，an effective way，I think，is to reserve water in a scientific way for future use.
首先，我认为一个有效的方法就是用科学的方法把水贮存起来以备将来使用。
(2)Do you have to reserve tickets in advance?
你需要提前订票吗？
多维训练
单句语法填空
(1)Frankly speaking，I have little money in reserve.
(2)She told me all about it without reserve.
(3)I reserve my favorable comments for my former monitor.
3
beyond prep.超越；超出；在或向……较远的一边；adv.在另一边；在或向更远处
beyond sb.为某人所不能理解；超出某人的能力
beyond control/belief/doubt无法控制/无法相信/毫无疑问
beyond description/words无法言传
beyond one’s wildest dreams某人做梦也没想到
beyond one’s power是某人所不及的
beyond compare无可比拟；非常好
beyond reason毫无道理
(1)Any driver found drinking beyond the limit will be charged.
任何司机被发现醉酒驾驶将被罚款。
(2)It’s beyond me why she wants to marry Jeff.
我无法理解她为什么要嫁给杰夫。
多维训练
选词填空
comprehension，reach，expression，control，recognition
(1)The car was beyond control and ran into a tree.
(2)I haven’t seen Sara since she was a little girl，and she has changed beyond recognition.
(3)His behaviour was completely beyond comprehension.
(4)You’d better put the bottle of medicine beyond the children’s reach.
(5)To be acknowledged as the first to receive this honor is beyond expression in words for me.
4
advocate vt.拥护；提倡，主张；n.支持者；拥护者；提倡者
[应试指导] (1)后跟非谓语动词的考查；(2)倡议类写作高频词汇
1It is advocated that...主张，提倡……
advocate doing...主张做……
2an advocate of/for支持……的人
(1)He was a strong advocate of free market policies and the multiparty system.
他是自由市场政策和多党派制度的坚决拥护者。
(2)Mr.Williams is a conservative who advocates fewer government controls on business.
威廉斯先生是个保守派，主张政府应减少对商业的控制。
[特别提醒]
advocate后不跟不定式，跟从句时，从句中用虚拟语气(should) do。
多维训练
同义句改写
(1)They advocates reducing military spending.(用it作形式主语改写)
It is advocated that they should reduce military spending.
(2)The tax policy was advocated by the Opposition and was welcomed by the local people.(用过去分词短语作定语改写)
The tax policy advocated by the Opposition was welcomed by the local people.
5
substitute v.替换replace；take the place of；用……替换；n.代替物品，代用品；代替者
[应试指导] 作为高级词汇替换replace
1a substitute for...……的代替者
2substitute A for B＝replace B with/by A 用A代替B,substitute for代替；取代
(1)Water is not a proper substitute for wine.
水不是酒的适当代用品。
(2)They were substituting violence for dialogue.
他们在用暴力取代对话。
[词义辨析] substitute，replace
(1)这两个词的含义略有不同，substitute强调“代替，顶替”；而replace强调“替换，更换”，即把旧的或坏的东西更换成新的(通常用take the place of更通俗些)。
(2)在句型结构上，通常是：substitute A for B“用A代替B”(使用A)；replace A with/by B“用B替换A”(使用B)。
多维训练
(1)用substitute，replace的正确形式填空
①The driver replaced the wornout tires with new ones.
②He substituted for the teacher who was in hospital.
(2)单句语法填空
①Can you replace the light with/by a brighter one?
②There’s no substitute for that watch.
6
threaten v.威胁；恐吓
1threaten sb.with...用……威胁某人
threaten to do sth.威胁去做某事
2threat n.威胁
a threat to sb./sth.对……的威胁
(1)The strikers were threatened with dismissal if they didn’t return to work.
罢工者受到威胁说，如果它们不复工，就会被解雇。
(2)David threatened to report his neighbor to the police if the damages were not paid.
大卫恐吓说，如果不赔偿他的损失，就要把他的邻居告到警察那里。
