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动词和动词短语(共3组，每组限时8分钟)
1．(2024·厦门第一次适应性考试)How everything ________ in your life all depends on how hard you work; there is no such thing as a free meal.
A．breaks out B．goes out
C．turns out
D．throws out
解析：选C 考查动词短语辨析。句意：在你生命中，事情结果如何完全取决于你的努力程度，天下没有免费的午餐。break out“(战争、火灾、疾病等)突然爆发”；go out“外出；熄灭”；turn out“最终结果是；最终成为”；throw out“扔掉，丢弃”。根据句意应选C。
2．(2024·皖北协作区高三一模)—Do you know his daughter will ________ the project?
—Really? I don't know it yet.
A．look up to
B．get across to
C．live up to
D．get down to
解析：选D 考查动词短语辨析。句意：“你知道他的女儿将开始做这个计划吗？”“真的吗？我还不知道。”get down to“开始做”，符合句意。
3．(2024·大连市一模)As its name ________， the Volunteer Farm relies on volunteers to weed, plant and harvest.
A．suggests
B．insists
C．predicts
D．possesses
解析：选A 考查动词辨析。句意：正如它的名字所表明的那样，志愿者农场依靠志愿者来除草、栽种和收获。这里用suggest“表明”，符合句意。insist“坚持”；predict“预言，预告”；possess“拥有”。
4．(2024·石家庄高三一模)Overuse of computers will ________ to the failure of our
eyesight, which is a warning to us all.
A．contribute
B．turn
C．devote
D．adjust
解析：选A 考查动词辨析。句意：过度使用计算机会使我们的视力下降，这是对我们大家的一个警告。contribute to“促成，造成”，是固定搭配，符合句意。
5．(2024·昆明一模)The landlord wants to ________
the rent by $ 30 a month,
which I think is unacceptable.
A．make up
B．take up
C．cut up
D．put up
解析：选D 考查动词短语辨析。句意：那个房东想把房租每个月提高30美元，我认为这是不能接受的。make up“编造；化妆”；take up“开始从事；拿起”；cut up“切碎”；put up“提高，增加”。根据句意可知，D项正确。
6．(2024·山西四校联考)No matter how much money you possess, it can't ________ a healthy body.
A．compare
B．suit
C．defeat
D．match
解析：选D 考查动词辨析。句意：无论你有多少钱，它都比不上一个健康的身体。match“与……相匹敌，和……不相上下”，符合句意。compare“比较，对比”；suit“适合”；defeat“打败，战胜”。
7．(2024·江西六所重点中学一模)—Tom has played a lot of computer games recently.
—Yes, that might ________ his failure in the midterm examinations.
A．account for
B．answer for
C．ask for
D．stand for
解析：选A 考查动词短语辨析。句意：“汤姆最近玩太多电脑游戏了。”“是的，这也许是他期中考试失利的原因。”account
for“是……的说明(或原因)”，符合句意。 answer for“对……负责，因……受到谴责”；ask for“要求，请求”；stand for“代表”。
8．(2024·皖南八校第一次联考)—Do you believe that opportunities always ________ the prepared minds?
—I couldn't agree more.
A．make
B．change
C．keep
D．favor
解析：选D 考查动词辨析。句意：“你认为机会总是青睐有准备的人吗？”“我非常同意这个说法。”favor“较喜欢，偏袒”，符合语境。
9．(2024·南平一模)Adopting the doctor's advice, he ________ coffee and cigarettes and ate a balanced diet.
A．cut down
B．broke down
C．turned down
D．put down
解析：选A 考查动词短语辨析。句意：他采纳了医生的建议，少喝咖啡，少抽烟并均衡饮食。cut down“削减”，符合句意。break down“出故障；垮掉”；turn down“拒绝；把……调低”；put down“写下，记下”。
10．(2024·银川部分中学高三一模)Schools in China are required to
________ at least one
“Sports Day” per academic year.
A．set aside
B．set down
C．set out
D．set off
解析：选A 考查动词短语辨析。句意：中国的学校被要求每学年留出至少一个“运动日”。set aside“留出，拨出”；set down“写下，记下”；set out“动身，出发”；set off“出发，爆炸”。根据句意，应选A。
11．(2024·泰安一模)Don't be so discouraged.If you ________ such feelings, you
will do better next time.
A．carry on
B．get back
C．break down
D．put away
解析：选D 考查动词短语辨析。句意：不要如此气馁，如果你，下次你会做得更好。carry on“继续”；get back“回来”；break down“出故障”；put away“把……收起来”。根据句意应选D。
12．(2024·哈尔滨四校高三一模)In fact fuels we burn and plant food we eat ________ their chemical energy in the form of heat.
A．give in
B．give off
C．give away
D．give up
解析：选B 考查动词短语辨析。句意：事实上我们烧的燃料和食用的植物性食物都是以热量的形式释放出它们所含有的化学能。根据句意可知应选give off，表示“放出，发出”。
13．(2024·福州市高三一模)Our government's plan to fight against air pollution will focus on ________ information and handling PM2.5.
A．expressing
B．representing
C．gathering
D．acknowledging
解析：选C 考查动词辨析。句意：我们政府同空气污染作斗争的计划将以收集信息和控制PM2.5 为重点。express“表达”；represent“代表”；gather“收集”；acknowledge“承认；感谢”。根据句意选C。
14．(2024·长春市第一次调研)According to the arrangement, the athletes of our school ________ at the gym for two hours every day.
A．work out
B．carry out
C．take in
D．set aside
解析：选A 考查动词短语辨析。句意：根据安排，我们学校的运动员每天在体育馆锻炼两个小时。work out“锻炼”，符合句意。carry out“执行，实施”；take in“理解，领会”；set aside“留出，拨出”。
15．(2024·安徽省芜湖三校一模)If you don't take time to review each interview you go on, you're bound to ________ the same mistakes.
A．correct
B．repeat
C．commit
D．improve
解析：选B 考查动词辨析。句意：然而，如果不花时间去回顾你所经历的每次面试，你一定会再犯同样的错误。repeat“重复”，符合句意。correct“改正”；commit“致力于”；improve“改进”。
1．(2024·四川省宜宾五校二调)A recent study has ________ an unexpected conclusion that the African elephant should be divided into two different species.
A．kept up with
B．made up with
C．caught up with
D．come up with
解析：选D 考查动词短语辨析。句意：最近的一项研究得出一个意外结论，非洲象应被分成两个不同种类。keep up with“跟上”；make up with“和好”；catch up with“追上”；come up with “提出”。D项符合句意。
2．(2024·南昌二模)Thanks to the great efforts by netizens and the journalists' determination to ________ the truth, anticorruption has been accelerating.
A．take out
B．check out
C．pick out
D．dig out
解析：选D 考查动词短语辨析。句意：由于网民的极大努力和记者挖掘真相的决心，反腐工作加快了。dig out“找出，发掘”，符合句意。take out“获得”；check out“核实，检查(是否一切正常)”；pick out“精心挑选”。
3．(2024·辽宁六校高三二模)Those who want to say anything more ________ your hand and then ________ to speak.
A．arise; raise
B．raise; rise
C．raise; arise
D．rise; raise
解析：选B 考查动词辨析。raise是及物动词，此处表示“举起”；rise是不及物动词，此处表示“站起来，起立”。arise表示“出现”，是不及物动词。故B项正确。
4．(2024·江西重点中学二模)This picture was taken twenty years ago. I wonder if you can ________ my younger brother.
A．find out
B．pick out
C．look out
D．speak out
解析：选B 考查动词短语辨析。句意：这张照片是20年前拍的。我不知道你能否认出我弟弟。find out“查明，弄清(情况)”；pick out“辨别出，认出来”；look out“当心，留神”；speak out“公开地说出来(尤指冒险，表示抗议)”。故B项符合句意。
5．(2024·江西十所重点中学高三二模)Many people headed for the water to ________， including rivers, bays in the seaside of the country.
A．put off
B．cut off
C．pull off
D．cool off
解析：选D 考查动词短语辨析。根据空格前面的water可知，人们去有水的地方凉快，因此cool off“变凉，冷却下来”，符合句意。put off“推迟”；cut off“中断”；pull off“脱下”。
6．(2024·江西抚州五校二模)It's a headache trying to ________ in a strange, new town. I will just take a taxi and avoid all the trouble.
A．settle down
B．work out
C．get around
D．hold out
解析：选C 考查动词短语辨析。句意：想要在一个陌生的小镇各处走动是件令人头痛的事。为了避免麻烦，我会乘坐出租车。get around“各处走动”，符合句意。settle down“定居下来；开始专心于”；work out“解决；算出”；hold out“维持；坚守”。
7．(2024·安徽合肥二模)—The cars give off a great deal of waste gas in the streets.
—Yes. But I'm sure something will be done to ________ air pollution.
A．reduce
B．remove
C．collect
D．warn
解析：选A 考查动词辨析。空处所在句子的句意：但是我确信一些举措会被实施用以减少大气污染。reduce“缩小，减少”；remove“清除”；collect“收集”；warn“警告，提醒”。根据句意应选A。
8．(2024·石家庄市高三二模)A smile
________ the mother's face when the son walked onto
the platform to receive the prize.
A．lit up
B．brought up
C．put up
D．took up
解析：选A 考查动词短语辨析。句意：当儿子走上台领奖时，妈妈脸上露出了喜色。light up“喜形于色，喜气洋洋”；bring up“提出；呕吐”；put up“提高；张贴”；take up“占用；开始从事”。故A项正确。
9．(2024·福建南平二检)—Does he work hard at his lessons?
—Yes, he ________ no effort, as far as I know.
A．wastes
B．shares
C．spares
D．makes
解析：选C 考查动词辨析。句意：“他学习努力吗？”“是的，据我所知，他不遗余力地学习。”spare no effort (to do sth.)“不遗余力(做某事)”，是固定短语。
10．(2024·齐鲁名校二模)Though the suspect refused to admit that he had stolen the
precious diamond at first,
he ________ and admitted
everything when he was shown the videotape.
A．broke off
B．broke away
C．broke down
D．broke into
解析：选C 考查动词短语辨析。句意：尽管犯罪嫌疑人一开始拒绝承认偷了这颗贵重的钻石，但当他看到监控录像时他精神崩溃并承认了一切。根据句意可知，应选break down“(健康、精神) 垮掉”。break off“中止，中断”；break away“强行逃脱”；break into“闯入”。
11．(2024·成都第二次诊断)As the road to the airport is under reconstruction, we'd better ________ early to avoid the traffic jam.
A．pay off
B．set off
C．put off
D．take off
解析：选B 考查动词短语辨析。pay off“还清”；set off“动身，出发”；put off“推迟”；take off“脱下，起飞”。此处表示早点动身以避免堵车，因此选B。
12．(2024·浙江宁波二模)The twin sisters were shopping for hours on Women's Day
and managed to ________ bags of bargains.
A．come across
B．pick up
C．deal with
D．take in
解析：选B 考查动词短语辨析。句意：在妇女节这天，那对双胞胎姐妹外出购物了几个小时，设法买到了几袋子减价品。come
across“偶遇”；pick up“买到”；deal with“处理”；take in“收留，收容”。根据句意可知应选B。
13．(2024·山东淄博二模)Maria ________ the interviewers with her knowledge and experience, and as a result she was offered the job.
A．provided
B．inspired
C．persuaded
D．impressed
解析：选D 考查动词辨析。句意：玛丽亚用知识和经验给面试官们留下了深刻的印象，因此她得到了这份工作。impress sb. with sth.“用某物给某人留下深刻的印象”，符合题意。provide“提供”；inspire“鼓励，激励”；persuade“说服”。
14．(2024·郑州二模)A college is going to ________ a student's ability based on grades and then make the decision to admit or refuse an applicant.
A．experiment
B．parallel
C．assess
D．observe
解析：选C 考查动词辨析。句意：大学将根据分数对学生的能力进行评估，然后决定是否录取。assess“评定，评估，估算”，符合题意。experiment“试验”；parallel“与……相似”；observe“观察；遵守”。
15．(2024·山东济宁二模)The fight would have been avoided if either of you had been able to ________ your anger.
A．put down
B．hold back
C．keep up
D．cut off
解析：选B 考查动词短语辨析。句意：这场争斗本来可以避免的，如果任何一方能控制住怒火的话。hold back one's anger“抑制住怒火”，符合题意。put down“放下；镇压”；keep up“保持，继续，使不低落”；cut off“中断”。
1．Yesterday, I came across my former classmate, but his name ________ me, which made me embarrassed.
A．forgot
B．missed
C．escaped
D．reminded
解析：选C 考查动词辨析。句意：我昨天偶然碰到我以前的同学，但是我记不起来他的名字了，这让我非常尴尬。escape表示“被忘掉”，符合句意。
