【简介】感谢网友“雕龙文库”参与投稿，这里小编给大家分享一些，方便大家学习。
Ⅰ.联想记忆(根据提示写出相应的词汇以及相关短语)
1．right_away立刻；马上→at once 立刻；马上
2．burst vi.爆裂→burst_into tears＝burst_out crying 突然哭起来
3．as_if 仿佛；好像→as though 好像→even_if/even though尽管
4．ruin n．废墟；vt.毁灭→in_ruins成为废墟
5．injure vt.损害→the_injured 受伤的人
6．bury vt.埋葬；掩埋→be buried_in 埋头于
7．shelter n．掩蔽；避身处→shelter...from...保护某人不受……
8．damage n. & vt.损失→do damage_to对……损伤→do good_to对……有好处→do harm to 伤害……
9．judge vt.断定→judging_by/from...根据……判断
Ⅱ.构词记忆(根据提示写出相应的词汇及其派生词)
1．nation n．民族；国家→national adj.国家的；民族的
2．dirt n．污垢→dirty adj.脏的
3．extreme adj.极度的→extremely adv.极端地
4．frighten vt.使惊吓→frightening adj.令人恐惧的→frightened adj.受惊的
5．express vt.表达；n.快车；速递→expression n．表达；表情
Ⅲ.语境填词(根据提示用适当的单词或短语填空)
1．The earthquake(地震) left the whole area in_ruins(严重受损)．Most buildings were destroyed(毁坏) and great damage(损害) was done to the mental health of the victims.
2．In the disaster(灾难), a_great_number_of_miners(许多矿工) were buried(掩埋) underground.It took the rescue(救援) workers much time to dig them out(掘出)．Luckily, most of them were still quite well and only some got injured(受伤的)．
3．The oil pipe burst(破裂), which frightened(使惊吓) the people and caused losses of millions of dollars.
4．He burst_out_of(冲出) the house right_away(立刻) after he received a call as_if(好像) something urgent had happened.
5．The prediction that many disasters(灾难) will happen and that the earth will be at_an_end(终结) soon shocked(震惊) all the people.
Ⅳ.语境记忆(背诵语段，记忆单元词汇)
The whole nation was shocked by the earthquake.It was really an extremely frightening disaster.Almost everything was destroyed and people suffered a lot.They needed shelters and electricity.They expressed their sincere thanks to the Party for immediate rescue.
Ⅴ.课文原句背诵
1．Everywhere_they_looked nearly everything was destroyed.人们无论朝哪里看，那里的一切几乎都被毁了。
2．Your speech was heard by a group of five judges，all_of_whom agreed that it was the best one this year.
有5个评委听了你的演讲，他们都觉得你的演讲是今年最好的。
3．It_seemed_as_if the world was at an end!
仿佛到了世界末日！
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．I wish to thank Professor Smith, without________help I would never have got this far.
(2024·天津，7)
A．who
B．whose
C．whom
D．which
答案 B
解析 句意为：我想要感谢史密斯教授，没有他的帮助我就不会走得这么远。whose是关系代词，引导定语从句，表示“……的”。考生容易误选C项，因为只看到了without whom语意上相当于without Professor Smith，而忽略了题干中的help。若选C项的话，可去掉题干中的help。
(考查单元语法)
2．Maria has written two novels，both of ________ have been made into television series.
(2024·山东，23)
A．them
B．that
C．which
D．what
答案 C
解析 句意为：玛丽娅已写了两部小说，它们都已被拍成了电视剧。分析题干结构可以看出：Maria has written two novels是一个完整的含“主谓宾”的句子。如果后半句也是个完整的句子的话，那么题干中的两个分句中间缺少连接词and，故A项不正确。由此不难看出空格处应用关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句，which代替先行词two novels。that作关系代词不能放于介词之后；what不能引导定语从句。分清句子结构是解答本题的关键。
(考查单元语法)
3．Jack wasn’t saying anything，but the teacher smiled at him________he had done
something very clever.
(2011·湖南，33)
A．as if
B．in case
C． while
D．though
答案 A
解析 句意为：杰克什么也没说，但是老师朝着他笑，就好像他做了非常明智的事情一样。as if好像；in case以防万一；while当……时候；而，却；though尽管。由句意可知应选A项。
(教材原句：It seemed as if the world was at an end！)
4．The ability________an idea is as important as the idea itself.
(2011·湖南，21)
A．expressing
B．expressed
C．to express
D．to be expressed
答案 C
解析 句意为：表达观点的能力和观点本身同等重要。ability后通常跟动词不定式(短语)作后置定语，故排除A、B两项；此处the ability与express是逻辑上的主谓关系，表示主动意义，故排除D项。
(教材原句：I would like to express my thanks to...who...)
5．After getting lost in a storm, a member of the navy team________four days later.(2011·上海，31)
A．rescued
B．was rescued
C．has rescued
D．had been rescued
答案 B
解析 考查时态。句意为：迷失在暴风雨四天后，一名海军成员被救起。由句中的时间状语four days later可知句子要用一般过去时，又a member of the navy team与rescue之间是被动关系，要用一般过去时的被动语态形式，故选B。
(教材原句：Some of the rescue workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins.)
Ⅱ.完形、阅读——英译汉
1．The restaurant called me right away and I thought to myself, this is going to be easy.
(2024·湖南·完形)
餐馆立刻给我打了电话，我心想这应该不难。
2．As soon as you hear it, you know the meeting is at an end.
(2024·广东·阅读A)
一听到这个你就知道会议结束了。
3．When she opened her eyes and saw her dog standing beside her, the girl said，“you rescued me, Laddy.”
(2024·陕西·完形)
当睁开眼睛看到自己的爱犬站在一旁，女孩说“Laddy,_是你救了我。”
4．Without knowledge, we may be completely destroyed by the danger.
(2011·江西·阅读D)
没有知识，我们就可能被危险毁掉。
Ⅲ.书面表达——汉译英
1．我不知道是小说中的什么东西使他突然泪如泉涌。(burst into tears)(2024·湖北·书面表达)
I don’t know what in the novel made him burst into tears.
2．然而，有些课文有太多的难以理解的生词短语，因此我建议把这些文章换成简单点的。(express)
(2024·辽宁·书面表达)
However, some of the texts have too many new words and expressions which are hard for us.Therefore, I’d like to suggest changing them into easier ones.
历年高考热点：as if/though，express，right away，at an end，rescue，destroy，burst into
tears，expression等的用法。
2024考点预测：judge，ruin，injure，trap，burst，bury，a number of等的用法。
1
双语释义 n．裁判员；法官；vt.判定；判断；判决(form an opinion about sth. or decide a result of sth.)
学情诊断
(1)完成句子
①We can’t judge_a_person_by_his looks.
我们不能以貌取人。
②Judging_from_his_accent,_he is from Canada.
从他的口音上判断，他是加拿大人。
(2)________ from ________ he said，he must be an honest man.
A．Judged；that
B．Judging；what
C．Judged；what
D．Judging；that
答案 B
归纳拓展
judge sb./sth.?to be?＋n./adj.判断，认为……是……
judge that-clause判断；认为……
judge...by/from...根据……判断……
judging by/from...从……来判断
易错提示
judging from/by表示“从……来看，根据……来判断”，用在句首时，为一个独立成分，不受句子主语和时态影响，用现在分词作状语而不采用过去分词的形式。2ruin v．毁坏；破坏；使破产；毁灭；n.毁坏；破产；废墟
学情诊断
(1)完成句子
①Years of fighting has left the area in_ruins.
经年的战事已经使得这个地区满目疮痍。
②Heavy smoking ruined_his_health.
过度吸烟损害了他的健康。
(2)His broken leg means the________of all his hopes of becoming a famous athlete.
A．miss
B．ruin
C．loss
D．death
答案 B
解析 句意为：他的腿断了意味着他想成为一名著名的运动员的所有希望破灭了。ruin破灭，毁灭，符合题意。
归纳拓展
in ruins毁坏了的；成为废墟的
fall/come into ruin逐渐破碎
bring...to ruin使……失败；使……毁坏
ruin oneself自取灭亡
易混辨析 destroy，damage，ruin
destroy指彻底毁坏以致于不能或很难修复，也可指希望的破灭，计划被打乱等。
damage指价值、用途的降低或外表的损坏等，不一定完全破坏，损坏了还可以修复。作名词时，多用于自然灾害中的损害。
ruin强调毁灭的彻底性，即人、物损坏到不复存在或面目全非的地步。作名词时，可用来表示抽象概念“毁灭；瓦解”。ruins意为“废墟”，可用于借喻中，泛指一般的“弄坏了”。
活学活用
用destroy，damage，ruin的适当形式填空
(1)He knocked over a bottle of ink and ruined my painting.
(2)A torrent of rain came down and damaged the crops.
(3)His house was completely destroyed，so the farmer decided to build a new one.
(4)The house has fallen into ruins.
3
双语释义 v．(尤指在事故中)伤害，使受伤(harm in an accident)；损害(damage)
学情诊断
(1)用injure的适当形式填空
①There were two people injured in the car accident.
②The injured were taken to the hospital.
③He was taken to the hospital with head injuries.
④The boy fell down from the bike and injured his knee.
(2)In that big earthquake all their houses were________，so they had to build new ones.
A．hurt
B．harmed
C．injured
D．destroyed
答案 D
解析 hurt是一般的用语，可指对生物(living things)肉体伤害，指非故意的伤害；injure与hurt同义，但较正式；harm指身体或精神上的损害均可，意为“伤害，损害，有害于”，harm指仅引起不便或不适的伤害；destroy所表示的破坏，是指对房屋或车辆等的损坏。根据句意，D项为正确答案。
归纳拓展
injure one’s health/pride/feelings损害健康/伤害自尊/伤害感情
injured adj.受伤的,the injured受伤者
injury n.伤口；伤害
do sb.an injury＝do an injury to sb.伤害某人
易混辨析 injure，hurt，harm，wound
injure意为“伤害，损害”，一般指由于意外或事故而造成伤害，也表示损害名誉、伤害感情等。
hurt意为“疼痛，受伤”，既可以指肉体上的伤害，也可以指精神上的伤害，常有强烈的疼痛感。
harm意为“伤害”，用于肉体或精神上的伤害，有时也指引起不安或不便。
wound意为“受伤，伤口”，通常指武器的伤害，如刀、枪等的伤害，尤其是指战场上的伤害。
活学活用
用injure，hurt，harm，wound的适当形式填空
(1)It hurt me to think that he would lie to me.
(2)Two women have been badly injured in the accident.
(3)Luckily no one got wounded in the battle.
(4)He hurt his back playing squash.
(5)Don’t harm your eyes by reading in poor light.
4
双语释义 n．(捕捉动物的)陷阱，罗网，夹，捕捉器；圈套；诡计(a designed trick)；(难以逃脱的)困境，牢笼；v.使落入险境；使陷入困境(keep...in a dangerous place)；卡住；夹住；收集；吸收；把……逼进；迫使进入(force sb. into)
学情诊断
(1)写出划线部分的汉语意思
①The hunter set_traps_to catch foxes.设陷阱
②I knew perfectly well it was a_trap.一个陷阱
③The police trapped_him_into_telling_the_truth.设圈套使他讲出实情
④Many women are_trapped_in loveless marriages.陷入
(2)Everyone could find it was only a ________ set by the enemy，but the official insisted on advancing to the front.
A．deed
B．trap
C．way
D．plan
答案 B
归纳拓展
set traps设陷阱,be trapped被夹住；陷入
trap sb. into doing sth.设计圈套让某人做某事
fall into/avoid the trap of doing sth.掉进/避免掉进陷阱
5
双语释义 v．爆裂(to break apart)；胀开(to break open)；冲；突然出现(appear suddenly)；n.突发；爆破
学情诊断
(1)用适当的介、副词填空
①He felt he would burst with anger and shame.
②He burst into the room without knocking.
③The roads were bursting with cars.
④Everyone burst into song as we got closer home.
⑤I burst in on the meeting thinking that the room was empty.
⑥He is always bursting with energy.
(2)一句多译
看到儿子在车祸中死了，她放声大哭起来。
①Seeing_her_son_killed_in_the_car_crash，she_burst_out_crying.
②Seeing_her_son_killed_in_the_car_crash，she_burst_into_tears.
③Seeing_her_son_killed_in_the_car_crash，she_suddenly_started_to_cry.
归纳拓展
burst out crying ?laughing，singing?/burst into tears ?laughter，song?突然哭?笑、唱?起来
