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课时作业(二十四) 必修4 Unit 12 Culture Shock
.完形填空
(2024·西城二模)
There’s always been a debate on whether human beings are born good or bad.Depending on how you view the world，you can think of all the crimes and injustice and conclude that we’re bad，so we need a system of laws to keep us in check.However，there are also a lot of stories of good deeds.I think we’re all born good.
Today，I took a trip to South Bend to attend my friends’ wedding reception.I had__1__the night before at the forecast and it said we were going to get about 3 inches of snow，so I thought，“That’s not so__2__”I set out on my journey and it was completely clear until I__3__to get towards Niles，M1...
I was__4__with this ominous (不祥的) cloud，I thought to myself，“Hmm，this can’t be a good__5__.” Soon enough，the highway became a snowpacked wall of white.I should have remembered that such severe changes in__6__are common in this part of America.I then tried to get to the populous area of South Bend and got__7__in the snow，__8__to turn left onto a street，I__9__for 20 minutes to dig myself out with only a scraper (刮刀)．
It wasn’t a very__10__street，so I didn’t see many people.Just as I was starting to give up，a few people stopped by my car and then helped push me out of the snow bank.It was one person at first，and then a few others.
Then，on the way to my destination，another lady got stuck.__11__，I got out and was__12__to offer the same help that I had received.At least five others joined me in my__13__to get her car unstuck.It is kind of storm that makes roads undrivable.South Bend__14__up getting over 3 feet of snow.
In these__15__of kindness though，I was once again__16__of my belief that all people are born good.These people didn’t have to stop and help me out.They ran the__17__of having their own cars stuck.Even for myself，it was a(an)__18__reaction to get out and push the lady’s car out too.I didn’t think about it__19__a second.
I believe these situations really helped remind me that this world is a good place.Real life situations can__20__good deeds.It happened today，and it will happen again and again.
1．A.spentB．checked
C．observed
D．looked
2．A.late
B．cold
C．bad
D．far
3．A.hoped
B．stopped
C．started
D．planned
4．A.concerned
B．met
C．involved
D．pointed
5．A.way
B．eventC．result
D．sign
6．A.weather
B．direction
C．position
D．system
7．A.frozen
B．stuck
C．hurt
D．lost
8．A.attempting
B．needing
C．realizing
D．having
9．A.waited
B．stayed
C． insisted
D．struggled
10．A.long
B．smooth
C．busy
D．quiet
11．A.Immediately
B．Carefully
C．Eventually
D．Obviously
12．A.requested
B．attracted
C．inspired
D．convinced
13．A.efforts
B．group
C．donation
D．spirits
14．A.made
B．ended
C．came
D．grew
15．A.attitudes
B．characters
C．manners
D．acts
16．A.informed
B．reminded
C．warned
D．told
17．A.favor
B．course
C．caution
D．risk
18．A.automatic
B．generous
C．valuable
D．accurate
19．A.with
B．by
C．for
D．in
20．A.find
B．produce
C．admire
D．judge
.阅读理解
A
(2024·河南省五所示范性高中质量检查)
It is reported that one in three of us eats more meals by ourselves than we do with other people.But before you accept that somewhat depressing statistic，there is some good news—a lot of us are perfectly happy to eat alone because the computer and TV provide us with solitary entertainment.
Perhaps unsurprisingly，half of the UK’s singles eat a meal alone at least once a day.And even one in four mothers with families has dinner mostly by themselves according to a major report on eating trends and social change by the Future Foundation.However，eating alone doesn’t seem to matter anymore if you can chat away on social networks—in fact it’s now a both quick and entertaining affair.
“Suppertainment” is the phrase created for the current major trend that reflects the number of people who eat in front of the computer，TV or game controller.Single men are the majority leading this trend，with 60 percent of them spending mealtimes entertaining themselves with something.However,40 percent of mothers and 30 percent of students also eat meals while being on the PC or laptop several times a week.
Boyd Hilton，TV and reviews editor of Heat magazine says，“Setting yourself up in front of the TV to ‘suppertain’ comes naturally，especially when you’ve been busy all day.If I’m on my own I always tend to make a quick and easy meal and settle down to watch something entertaining or I’ll get on the laptop and catch up with comedies like the new season of Curb Your Enthusiasm on More 4 or Outnumbered on BBC 1.”
“I think it’s such a bonus that healthy and tasty convenience meals now mean you can relax about eating good food without having to worry about preparation time.”
1．Why don’t many people eating alone feel lonely?
A．They are too busy to feel lonely.
B．People are happy to eat alone.
C．They eat with solitary entertainment.
D．They have good news at mealtimes.
2．Which of the following best defines the term “suppertainment”？
A．The trend of eating alone among single people.
B．Eating alone accompanied by the computer，TV or game controller.
C．Entertaining oneself with advanced technology.
D．Get relaxed by watching comedies on TV or playing games on the computer.
3．What is the purpose of the author by quoting what Boyd Hilton said in the last paragraph?
A．To emphasize the importance of healthy
and tasty meals.
B．To tell people to have good meals without doing preparing work.
C．To prove that “suppertainment” is a good idea.
D．To call people’s attention to eating meals in relaxing manners.
B
(2024·长春市毕业班第一次调研)
Have you noticed how many nouns are being used as verbs？We all use them，often without noticing what we’re doing.
I was arranging to meet someone for dinner last week，and I said “I’ll_pencil_it_in_my_diary”，and my friend said “You must ink it in”，meaning that it was a firm arrangement!
Many of these new verbs are linked to new technology.An obvious example is the word “fax”．We all got used to sending and receiving faxes，and then soon started talking about faxing something and promising we’d fax it immediately.Then along came emails，and we were soon all emailing each other madly.How did we do without it？I can hardly imagine life without my daily emails.
Also，my computer and its software have produced another couple of new verbs.On my computer I can bookmark those pages from the World Wide Web that I think I’ll want to look at again.And I can do the same thing on my PC，but there I don’t bookmark；I favorite—coming from “favorite pages”，so the verb is derived from an adjective not a noun this time.
Now my children bought me a mobile phone，known simply as a mobile and I have to learn yet more new verbs.I can message someone，that is，I can leave a message for them on their phone.Or I can text them，write a few words suggesting，when and where to meet，for example.How long will it be before I can mobile them，that is，phone them using my mobile？I haven’t heard that verb yet，but I’m sure I will soon.Perhaps I’ll start using it myself!
4.“I’ll pencil it in my diary” in the second paragraph probably means________.
A．it was a firm arrangement
B．it was an uncertain arrangement
C．the arrangement is written as a diary
D．he prefers a pencil to a pen
5．A website address can be easily found if it has been________for the author.
A．emailed
B．messaged
C．favorited
D．texted
6．Which of the following has not been used as a verb，yet?
A．message
B．pencil
C．email
D．mobile
7．The best title for this passage is“________”．
A．New Verbs from Nouns
B．New Technology and New words
C．The English Language
D．Technology and Language
答案：
课时作业(二十四)
.完形填空
语篇解读： 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。人性生来是善还是恶？在一次风雪历程中，我得到了陌生人的帮助，同时，也给了别人帮助。因此，我坚信：人性本善。
1．解析： spend意为“度过；花费”；check意为“检查”；observe意为“观察；庆祝”；look意为“看”。由语境可知，前一天晚上我看天气预报。look at意为“看”。
答案： D
2．解析： 预报说雪大概有三英寸厚，我想情况不是很糟糕。
答案： C
3．解析： 由语境可知，直到开始向Niles，M1靠近时，周围不是很清楚了。
答案： C
4．解析： concern意为“关系到；涉及”；meet意为“碰到”；involve意为“包含；牵涉”；point意为“指向”。由语境可知，我看到了不祥的乌云。
答案： B
5．解析： way意为“方法；道路”；event意为“事件”；result意为“结果”；sign意为“迹象；符号”。由语境可知，我看到乌云后想到这不是个好兆头。
答案： D
6．解析： weather意为“天气”；direction意为“方向”；position意为“位置”system意为“制度；体制”。由语境可知，在美国这个地方，这样的天气变化是很普遍的。
答案： A
7．解析： frozen意为“冻结的”；stuck意为“被卡住的；不能动的”；hurt意为“受伤的”；lost意为“失去的”。由语境可知，来到人口密集的South Bend，车子陷入雪中动弹不了。get stuck意为“被卡住”。
答案： B
8．解析： attempt意为“企图；试图”；need意为“需要”；realize意为“意识到”；have to意为“不得不”。由语境可知，车子陷入雪中后，我试图左拐到街上。现在分词短语作伴随状语。
答案： A
9．解析： wait意为“等待”；stay意为“停留”；insist意为“坚持”；struggle意为“努力；挣扎”。由语境可知，我自己在雪中努力了二十分钟。
答案： D
10．解析： 由语境可知，这不是一条很繁忙的街道，因此没有看到很多人。
答案： C
11．解析： immediately意为“立刻”；carefully意为“仔细地”；eventually意为“最后；终于”；obviously意为“显然”。当我发现另一位女士的车子也被大雪卡住时，我立刻下车。
答案： A
12．解析： request意为“要求”；attract意为“吸引”；inspire意为“鼓舞；激发”；convince意为“说服”。由语境可知，我得到了别人的帮助，因此受到鼓舞也想去帮助她。
答案： C
13．解析： effort意为“努力”；group意为“团体”；donation意为“捐款”；spirit意为“精力；态度”。最后又有其他人跟我一起努力帮忙。
答案： A
14．解析： make up意为“弥补；组成”；end up意为“结束”；come up意为“走进；开始”；grow up意为“成长”。South Bend最终以三英尺厚的雪而结束了这次风暴。
答案： B
15．解析： attitude意为“态度”；character意为“性格；品质”；manner意为“方式”；act意为“行为”。联系上文可知，此处指那些友好的行为。
答案： D
16．解析： inform of意为“通知；报告”；remind of意为“提醒；使想起”；warn of意为“警告”；tell of意为“讲述”。由语境可知，他们的行为再一次提醒了我，人生下来都是善良的。
答案： B
17．解析： favor意为“赞成；喜欢”；course意为“过程；道路”；caution意为“小心；谨慎”；risk意为“风险”。由语境可知，他们冒着自己车子被困的危险来帮助我。
答案： D
18．解析： automatic意为“无意识的；必然的”；generous意为“慷慨的”；valuable意为“有价值的”；accurate意为“精确的”。由语境可知，我帮助那位女士是一种无意识的反应。答案： A
19．解析： for a second意为“一会儿”。此处指我根本想都没想。
答案： C
20．解析： find意为“发现”；produce意为“生产；引起”；admire意为“钦佩；赞美”；judge意为“判断”。由语境可知，在现实生活中，人们就可以养成良好的行为习惯。答案： B
.阅读理解
语篇解读： 研究发现，有三分之一的人独自用餐的次数比和其他人在一起吃饭的次数多。人们可以边吃饭，边看电视或上网，并不感到孤独。
1．解析： 细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“a lot of us are perfectly happy to eat alone because the computer and TV provide us with solitary entertainment”，即人们在独自用餐时可以玩电脑或看电视，并不会觉得孤独，故选C。
答案： C
2．解析： 词义猜测题。文章第三段介绍了“suppertainment”的含义，即在独自用餐的同时通过电视或电脑娱乐，故选B。
答案： B
3．解析： 推理判断题。作者在文章第一段说独自用餐渐成风尚，字里行间透露出作者的赞成态度，最后一段借用Boyd Hilton的话进一步说明边独自吃饭边娱乐的优点。答案： C
语篇解读： 英语中有许多词汇涉及词性的活用，本文就介绍了人们在生活中经常将“名词动词化”这一现象。
