【简介】感谢网友“雕龙文库”参与投稿，这里小编给大家分享一些，方便大家学习。
专题一
名词和冠词
【命题趋势探秘】
命题规律考查内容 考查度 ☆☆☆ ☆☆☆ ☆☆☆ ☆☆考查题型 所占分值
1分 1分
命题
趋势英语学习中积累一些名词的同义词和近义词结合具体的语境准确理解义。
【典例1】（2024·江苏）—Go and say sorry to your Mom, Dave.
—I’d ’m afraid she won’t be happy with my
.
A. requests
B. excuses
C. apologies
D. But for
【答案】C
【命题立意】考查名词辨析。
【解析】句意：——Dave去向你的妈妈道歉。——我想去，但是恐怕她不会接受我的道歉。A：要求；B：借口；C：道歉；D：后悔，结合句意，故选C。
【典例2】（201·福建）24. The failure was a big
to him, but he wasn't discouraged and soon got as enthusiastic as ever.
A. blow B. issue C. excuse D. factor
【答案】A
【命题意图】考查名词辨析
【解题思路】句意：失败对他来说是一次沉重的打击，但是他没有泄气，不久就向以前一样有激情了。blow打击；issue话题；excuse借口；factor因素。根据题干中的the failure和but的转折判断是“打击”。故选A。
【技巧点拨】如何有效地复习考纲词汇
1. 建立词汇知识体系，勤于总结与归纳
在备考中要对考纲词汇以及课本基础知识进行地毯式扫描，在脑海中建立一个完整的词汇知识体系。其内容包括：词语意义、同义词和近义词的辨析、反义词、短语及其固定搭配等。要特别重视高频词以及一词多义的学习积累，同时注意利用词缀构成新词，比如consider，就有considerable，considerate和consideration；由compete引出competition， competitor， competitive，甚至联想出competent。逐步扩充词汇量，还能有效地利用每天的零碎时间突破词汇关。此外，在学习中，除了注重词汇基本意义的学习外，还要重视不同语境下词语的意义和词性的转化。
2.注重教材和考纲，归纳词汇考点
在复习备考中不能盲目相信题海战术，选题要精，重质重量。要认真研究，勤于思考，加强背诵，在不断的训练中领悟词语的内涵，加深对词语的理解和掌握。要善于将语法、语境和语言文化背景结合起来，多方面提高自己的阅读能力和对文章的欣赏水平。天道酬勤，只要坚持，就一定会有收获。
◇考点2 名词的固定搭配
【基础知识梳理】
高考试题对名词的考查有时会涉及名词同义词、近义词辨析，含有名词的固定句型，以及名词与介词或动词的固定搭配（介词短语的考查尤其如此）等，有些试题的四个选项只有一个符合语境的固定搭配，而更多的则是两个以上甚至四个选项都符合语境的固定搭配。解题的关键是要读懂题干，先找出句子的核心部分：主句的主语、谓语，以及及物动词的宾语，再根据盘根错节的句子结构分析和理解句意，结合语境判断选项与题干构成的固定句型或固定搭配，再将选项代入句中进行判断，以确定正确答案。
【核心考点讲练】
名词的固定搭配要注意下面两个方面的问题：
1. 有时，对名词的考查是在某些固定句型中，比如：
there’s no sense/point in doing sth做某事没有什么意义
there’s no doubt/wonder that毫无疑问/难怪……
it’s no good/use doing sth做某事没有用
what’s the point of doing sth……有什么意义呢？
there’s a chance/possibility that…；chances are that很可能……
2. 注意常见的名词与介词的固定搭配，如：
介词+名词，如by accident偶然；in addition另外；in no case决不；by chance偶然；in charge （of）负责；on condition that只要；条件是；as a consequence结果；on the contrary相反地；under construction/repair在修建/维修中；on the point of即将……的时候；at random随意地；at ease轻松地；in disguise伪装；at risk冒险；in relief如释重负地。
动词+名词如：have/gain access to；take…into account/ consideration；have/gain an advantage over胜过，优于；take advantage of利用，欺骗；pay attention to注意；catch one’s breath喘气，屏息；take care of照顾；catch one’s eyes引起某人的注意等。
【典例1】（2024天津）See, your computer has broken down again! It doesn’t ______ sense to buy the cheapest brand of computer just to save a few dollars.
A. have
B. make
C. display
D. bring
We had lunch at a nice outdoor café， then rode out of the city. 我们在一家很不错的露天餐馆吃过午饭就骑车出城了。（教材例句）
5)构成短语表示数量。如：
a great deal of， a large/great amount of， a little（接不可数名词）； a lot of， a mass of， a large quantity of（接可数及不可数名词）； a few， a great/good many， a large number of（接复数名词）； many a （接单数名词）
【典例2】（2024·浙江）The paper is due next month， and I am working seven days ______ week， often long into______night.
A. a； the
B. the； 不填
C. a； a
D. 不填；the
（45分钟）
1.（201·福建）The failure was a big
to him, but he wasn't discouraged and soon got as enthusiastic as ever.
A. blow B. issue C. excuse D. factor
2.（201·湖北）
3.（201·湖北）
4.（2024·天津）Wind is now the world’s fastest growing ________ of power.
A. source
B. sense
C. result
D. root
5.（2024·辽宁）The accident caused some _______to my car， but it’s nothing serious.
A. harm
B. injury
C. ruin
D. damage
6.（2024·陕西）________ village where I was born has grown into ________ town.
A. The； a
B. A； the
C. The； the
D. A； a
7.（2024·新课标I）India attained
independence in 1947， after
long struggle.
A. 不填；a
B. the； a
C. an；不填
D. an； the
8.（2024·新课标Ⅱ）Four and____half hours of discussion took us up to midnight， and ____ break for cheese， chocolate and tea with sugar.
A. a； a
B. the； the
C.不填；the
D. a； 不填
9.（2024·山东）It was ______ cold winter night and the moon was shining brightly across ____ night sky.
A. 不填；a
B. a； the
C. the； a
D. the； 不填
10.（2024·福建）The “Chinese Dream” is ____ dream to improve people’s well-being and ____ dream of harmony， peace and development.
A. the； a
B. a； a
C. a； the
D. the； the
apparent, I__19___seeing my daughter playing her best, __20___ still defeated.
IT seemed that something clicked with the__21__between Saturday and Sunday. When they _22__for their Sunday game, they were__23__different. They had begun
integrate (融合)the kinds of play and teamwork they had__24__the day before into their__25__.They played aggressively and__26__ scored a goal.
It __27__ me that playing against the other team was a great__28__ moment for all the girls on the team. I think it is a general principle. __29__ is the best teacher. The lessons they may not be__30__what they would have gotten in school. But are certainly more personal and meaningful,
because they had to work them out on their own.
11.A.public
B.traditional
C.official
D.special
12.A.passes
B.works
C.lies
D.ends
13.A.dream
B.idea
C.habit
D.chance
14.A.trip
B.holiday
C.weekend D.square
15.A.won
B.entered
C.organized D.watched
16.A.painful
B. strange
C. common D. practical
17.A.less
B. poorly
C. newly
D.better
18.A.fans
B.tutors
C.class
D.team
19.A. imagined B. hated
C. avoided D.missed
20.A.if
B. or
C. but
D. as
21.A. girls
B. parents
C. coaches D.viewers
22.A. dressed
B. showed up
C. made up D. planned
23.A. slightly
B. hardly
C. basically D. completely
24.A. seen
B. known
C. heard
D. read
25.A.styles
B.training
C.game
D.rules
26.A. even
B. still
C. seldom
D. again
27.A. confused B. struck
C. reminded D. warned
28.A. touching
B. thinking
C. encouraging D. learning
29.A. Experience B. Independence C. Curiosity
D. Interes
30.A.harmful to B.mixed with
C. different from D. applied to
III. 阅读理解
（2024·新课标I）Conflict is on the menu tonight at the café La Chope. This evening, as on every Thursday night, psychologist Maud Lehanne is leading two of France’s favorite pastimes, coffee drinking and the “talking cure”. Here they are learning to get in touch with their true feelings. It isn’t always easy. They customers-some thirty Parisians who pay just under $2 (plus drinks) per session-care quick to intellectualize (高谈阔论)，slow to open up and connect. “You are forbidden to say ‘one feels,’ or ‘people think’,”Lehane told them. “Say ‘I think,’ ‘Think me’.”
A café society where no intellectualizing is allowed? It couldn’t seem more un-French. But Lehanne’s psychology café is about more than knowing oneself: It’s trying to help the city’s troubled neighborhood cafes. Over the years, Parisian cafes have fallen victim to changes in the French lifestyle-longer working hours, a fast food boom and a younger generation’s desire to spend more time at home. Dozens of new theme cafes appear to change the situation. Cafes focused around psychology, history, and engineering are catching on, filling tables well into the evening.
31.What are people encouraged to do at the cafe La Chope?
A. Learn a new subject
B. Keep in touch with friends.
C. Show off their knowledge.
D. Express their true feelings.
32. How are cafes affected by French lifestyle changes?
A. They are less frequently visited.
B. They stay open for longer hours.
C. They have bigger night crowds.
D. They start to serve fast food.
33. What are theme cafes expected to do?
A. Create more jobs.
B. Supply better drinks.
C. Save the cafe business.
D. Serve the neighborhood.
34. Why are psychology cafes becoming popular in Paris?
A. They bring people true friendship.
B. They give people spiritual support.
C. They help people realize their dreams.
D. They offer a platform for business links.
IV. 微写作
（2024·北京卷）你给英国朋友Chris写一封信，内容包括：
1. 你们原计划7月份一同去云南旅游；
2. 由于脚部受伤，你无法按原计划前往；
3. 表达你的歉意并建议将旅行推迟到8月份。
注意：（1）词数不少于50；（2）可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；（3）开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Chris，
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours，
Joe
专题热点集训1
名词和冠词
参考答案与解析
I. 单项填空
1. A
句意：失败对他来说是一次沉重的打击，但是他没有泄气，不久就向以前一样有激情了。blow打击；issue话题；excuse借口；factor因素。根据题干中的the failure和but的转折判断是“打击”。故选A。
2. A
句意：当他从哥哥后面追赶的时候，这个小男孩失去了平衡摔了一大跤。balance意为“平衡”；.chance 意为“机会”； memory意为“记忆力”； place意为“地方”，根据句意选择A项。C
句意：当他执行秘密任务的时候，他给自己取了一个新名字来隐藏自己的身份。emotion意为“感情”；talent意为“天赋，能力”；identity 意为“身份”； treasure意为“宝藏”根据句意选择C项。
【答案】B
【命题意图】考查形容词辨析。
【解题思路】本题考查形容词的含义辨析。pubiic公共的；traditional传统的；official 官方的；special特殊的，专门的。根据前文的school，friend，tutor判断都是传统的学习方法。故选B。
12.A.passes
B.works
C.lies
D.ends
【答案】C
【命题意图】考查动词辨析。
【解题思路】本题考查动词的含义辨析。passes经过；works工作；lies 在于；ends结束。该句中that引导的是表语从句，you want是learning的定语从句，the learning做表语从句的主语，谓语动词是lies，lie in在于，由于空后是somewhere不定副词，介词in省略。故选C。
13.A.dream
B.idea
C.habit
D.chance
【答案】D
【命题意图】考查名词辨析。
【解题思路】本题考查名词的含义辨析。dream梦想；idea主意；habit习惯； chance机会。根据空后的seeing this hand判断应是“机会”，故选D。
14.A.trip
B.holiday
C.weekend D.square
【答案】C
【命题意图】考查名词辨析。
【解题思路】本题考查名词的含义辨析。trip 旅行；holiday假期；weekend周末；square广场。根据下文的Saturday和Sunday判断是周末。故选C。
15.A.won
B.entered
C.organized D.watched
【答案】B
【命题意图】考查动词辨析。
【解题思路】本题考查动词的含义辨析。won赢得；entered进入；organized组织；watched观看。根据前文的did very well判断应是进入了tournament锦标赛，故选B。
16.A.painful
B. strange
C. common D. practical
【答案】A
【命题意图】考查形容词辨析。
【解题思路】本题考查形容词的含义辨析。painful痛苦地、困难地、艰难地；strange奇怪地；common常见的； practical实际的。根据前文的tournament锦标赛判断是非常“困难的，艰难的”的比赛，那么就会有让人受到伤害的痛苦经历。故选A。
17.A.less
B. poorly
C. newly
D.better
【答案】D
【命题意图】考查副词辨析。
