高考英语复习完形填空：考点解析14语境

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　　完形填空突破(五)

　　——语境化选择题

　　1．利用褒贬语境,判断是非曲直

　　几乎每篇完形填空的语境都有一定的褒贬性,这种褒贬性反映了主人公的特定心理、情绪状态和作者的写作意图,因此利用好文章的语境褒贬性就能对文章进行准确的逻辑判断,从而在吃透文意并准确传递文意的基础上推断出每一空的准确信息,找出能反映语境褒贬性的标志性词语或句子,大胆预测下文。

　　典例

　　When I took the first exam,I was

　　(shocked) to find a 77,C-plus,on my test paper,

　　(for) English was my best subject.I went to Professor Jayne,who listened to my arguments but remained

　　(2008·北京)40．A.unchanged

　　B．unpleasantC．unfriendly D．unmoved

　　解析　本题属于根据语境判断是非曲直题。考生需要根据语境和上下文的关系来确定答案。Jayne教授听了我的理由,但通过but的转折可知,他并未被我打动,而是显得无动于衷。unmoved无动于衷的,符合语境。

　　2．避免只重语意,忽略习惯搭配

　　高考完形填空题中有相当一部分试题属此类情况。该题目难度系数在0.5～0.6之间,是广大考生丢分最严重的题目。其原因是考生只注重语境,而忽视了词汇的习惯搭配。所以考生在准确掌握语境的同时,更要注意所要填入的名词、形容词、动词与空格前面或后面某个词汇的习惯搭配,尤其要注意其与介词或副词的连用特点等。

　　典例

　　On a warm Monday,Jenny Neilson bought a sandwich and parked her car under some trees.Rolling down the windows to

　　in fresh air,she settled back to enjoy her lunch.

　　(2008·湖北)

　　41．A.bring B．let

　　C．gather

　　D．send

　　答案　B

　　解析　本题考查固定搭配。let in放进,允许进入,符合句意。bring in赚得；吸引； gather in收获,收割；send in寄去(处理)。此处文意是“她摇下车窗放一些新鲜空气进来”,而不是为了收集空气,显然只有B项恰当。

　　3．巧妙利用平行结构,准确判断逻辑关系

　　平行结构指的是结构相同或相似、意思密切关联、语气一致的句子或词组成串排列的语言现象。平行结构形式上整齐匀称,内容上联系紧密。命题者常从平行结构的句式相同或相似这一角度,利用其意义的关联或对比这一特点来设空。高考完形填空常常会出现这样一些平行结构,掌握与这些结构极为相似的句子可大大提高解题效率。

　　典例

　　Not all of these

　　(fairies) are the friendly,people-loving characters that appear in Disney films,and in some folktales they are

　　(cruel) and cause much human suffering.This is true in the tales about the Changeling.These tell the story of a mother whose baby grows

　　and pale and has changed so much that it is almost

　　to the parents.

　　(2008·广东)

　　23．A.sick

　　B．slim

　　C．short

　　D．small

　　24．A.uncomfortable

　　B．unbelievableC．unacceptable D．unrecognizable

　　答案　23.A　24.D

　　解析　23题是典型的平行结构试题。根据and可知,其前后为并列关系,pale意思是“苍白的”,与之并列的应是sick,表示“有病的,生病的”。而根据前面的“changed so much”可知,后面的结果应是“对父母来说几乎是难以辨认的”,故24题答案为D。

　　(2010·安阳二次统考)

　　“Let’s run through the rain！” She　4　.

　　“No,honey.We’ll wait until it　5　down a bit,” Mom replied.

　　This young child waited about　6　minute and repeated,“Mom,let’s run through the rain.”

　　“We’ll get soaked if we do,” Mom said.

　　“No,we won’t,Mom.That’s not what you said this morning,” the young girl said as she　

　　　7　her Mom’s arm.

　　“This morning？When did I say we could run through the rain and not get　8　？”

　　“Don’t you remember？When you were talking to Daddy about his cancer,you said,‘If God can get us　9　this,he can get us through anything！’”

　　The entire crowd became dead silent.I

　　you couldn’t hear anything but the rain.We all stood silently.Mom

　　and thought for a moment about what she would say.

　　“Honey,you are absolutely right.Let’s run through the rain.If we get wet,maybe we just need

　　,” Mom said.Then off they ran.

　　We all stood watching,smiling and laughing as they

　　past the cars.They held their shopping

　　over their heads just in case.They got soaked.But they were

　　by a few who screamed and laughed like children all the

　　to their cars.And yes,I did.I ran.I got wet.I needed washing.Circumstances or people can take away your

　　possessions,they can take away your money,and they can take away your

　　.But no one can ever take away your precious

　　.So,don’t forget to

　　time and take the opportunities to make memories every day!

　　1．A.quarrelling

　　B．pouringC．snowing

　　D．trembling

　　答案　B

　　解析　考查语境和动词。由下文可知,外面下着雨,故用pour。pour有“(雨)倾泻,滂沱”之意。quarrel争吵,争辩；snow下雪；tremble发抖,均不符合语境。

　　2．A.besideB．behind

　　C．inside

　　D．outside

　　答案　C

　　解析　考查语境。根据常识,下了大雨,当然应躲在门的里面。beside在……旁边；behind在……后面；inside在……里面；outside在……外边。故选C项。

　　3．A.annoying

　　B．interestingC．appreciating D．expecting

　　答案　A

　　解析　考查语境。躲雨等待的感受应该不是很舒服的,故选用annoying,意思是“使烦恼的”。interesting有趣的；appreciating欣赏的；expecting期望的,均与语境不符。

　　4．A.answeredB．declaredC．repeated D．announced

　　答案　C

　　解析　考查语境。由上下文可知,此处女儿又重复了一遍,故用repeated。answer为单纯地回答,没有重复之意,不是最佳答案。declare断言；宣布；announce宣布,这两个词的使用环境与此处不符,故排除。

　　5．A.bringsB．comes

　　C．cuts

　　D．slows

　　答案　D

　　解析　考查语境。根据语境可知,妈妈的意思是等到雨小一些再走,故用slows。slow down慢下来；bring down击落；降低；come down下降,下落；cut down砍倒；削减。根据短语的意思可知,D项正确。

　　6．A.a more

　　B．otherC．an another D．another

　　答案　D

　　解析　考查词语辨析。此处意为“小女孩又等了一分钟。”another加单数名词或加数词和复数名词,表示“再,又”之意。another minute同one more minute,但不能用a more minute。

　　7．A.pulled B．hit

　　C．pushed D．dragged

　　答案　A

　　解析　考查语境。小女孩应是“拉住”妈妈的胳膊。hit表示“击,打”之意；push推；drag拖,拖曳；缓慢而费力地行动；pull为一般意义的“拖,拉”。故选A项。

　　8．A.hurt

　　B．wet

　　C．wounded D．slipped

　　答案　B

　　解析　考查语境。结合语境,上文提到妈妈说如果冒雨走的话会淋湿的,此处是妈妈表示自己的困惑“我什么时候说过冒雨走而不会淋湿？”hurt使受伤；wound使受伤；slip滑倒,均不符合句意。

　　9．A.off B．over

　　C．through D．in

　　答案　C

　　解析　考查介词搭配和照应。get through表示“通过,使成功”,符合句意“如果上帝让我们渡过这一关,他就能让我们克服一切！”主句和从句均用get through。get off下车；动身；get over克服,战胜(困难等)；get in到达；收获。

　　10．A.recalledB．swore

　　C．promised D．observed

　　答案　B

　　解析　考查动词。作者在表达那时的感受,强调除了雨声之外一片寂静。swear意思是“宣誓保证”,强调作者对当时情景的印象之深。recall回忆起,回想；promise允诺,答应；observe观察,观测,均与语境不符。

　　11．A.suffered B．walked

　　C．wept

　　D．paused

　　答案　D

　　解析　考查语境。女儿的话出乎意料,所以妈妈“暂停”下来,思考该说些什么。妈妈不是受到伤害,排除suffer；也不是走来走去,排除walk；文中未提到女儿的话让她哭了,故weep也不正确。选pause,意为“暂停”。

　　12．A.washing B．bathing

　　C．showering D．watering

　　答案　A

　　解析　考查上下文照应。此处与下文的“I needed washing.”照应。bathe洗澡；shower洗淋浴；water浇水,都属于特定情况下的行为,此处应是一般的临时之意。

　　13．A.rushedB．flew

　　C．walked

　　D．drove

　　答案　A

　　解析　考查语境和常识。依据常理,她们在大雨中应该是跑得很快。四个选项中只有rush有“快速行走,冲,奔”之意。walk为一般行走；fly飞翔；drive驾驶,开车,均不符合常理。

　　14．A.goods

　　B．supplies

　　C．bags

　　D．packages

　　答案　C

　　解析　考查行文逻辑。她们在沃尔玛超市购物,故此处应是她们将“购物袋”顶在头顶。goods商品；supply补给品,日用品；package包裹。把商品放在头顶,不符合逻辑,supplies与packages与语境不符,所以shopping bags最为合理。

　　15．A.suspected

　　B．challengedC．ordered

　　D．followed

　　答案　D

　　解析　考查语境。从下文可以看出,许多人跟着她们冲进了雨中,故选用followed。uspect

　　怀疑；challenge向……挑战；order命令,均与语境不符。

　　16．A.route

　　B．way

　　C．path

　　D．direction

　　答案　B

　　解析　考查名词。人们一路跑向自己的汽车,故用way。all the way意思是“一路”。route的含义是“路线”,通常是迂回的,可以包括数条道路或街道,有时甚至包括小路、小巷；path一般指“小道,小径”,特别是林间或田间小径,而且通常是由人走出来的,而不是修筑的；direction指“方向”。

　　17．A.physical

　　B．mental

　　C．spiritual

　　D．material

　　答案　D

　　解析　考查语境和逻辑关系。根据语境可知,此处表示的是一种对比关系。作者讲的是“环境或人可以夺去你的物质财富,抢走你的金钱,带走你的健康,但没有人可以带走你珍贵的回忆”。physical身体的；mental心理的；智力的；spiritual精神的；material物质的。

　　18．A.health

　　B．relativeC．friendship

　　D．happiness

　　答案　A

　　解析　考查并列关系。结合第17小题的解析和本题选项可知,health符合语境。elative

　　亲戚；friendship友谊；happiness幸福。

　　19．A.presents B．prizes

　　C．memories D．chances

　　答案　C

　　解析　考查上下文照应。结合选项和文章最后一句话中提到的memories可以得出答案。present礼物；prize奖赏,奖品；chance机会,运气；memory回忆。

　　20．A.make

　　B．gain

　　C．kill

　　D．keep

　　答案　A

　　解析　考查动词。句意为：因此,记得要抓紧时间,抓住机会争取每天都给自己留下一些回忆吧。make time腾出时间,符合句意。kill time消磨时间；keep time合拍子；gain time走得快；赢得时间。2

　　“But what if I break my arm again？”My five-year-old daughter asked,looking very　1　.I knew she　2　very much to learn to ride,but ever since she’d fallen off her bike and broken her arm,she’d been afraid.

　　“Oh,honey,”I said.“I don’t think you’ll break another arm.”“　3　I could,couldn’t I？”“You know,honey,”I said,“　4　everything you do comes with risks.You could get a broken arm in a car　5　and then be afraid to　6　ride in a car again.You could break your arm jumping a rope.You could break your arm at gym.Do you want to　7　going to gym？”“No,”she said.And with a determined spirit,she stood up andto try again.

　　I spent the rest of the afternoon at the park watching a very　9　little girl overcome a fear,and

　　　10　myself on being a useful single parent after a painful divorce(离婚)．

　　As we walked home,she asked me about a conversation she’d overheard me having with mythe night before.

　　“Grandma wanted you to find someone to　12　.”“What grandma wants is for someone to　13　my heart again.”“But Mom...”“You’re too young to　14　it,”I told her.“So I guess love isn’t like a broken arm.”she said. 　15　to answer,we walked the rest of the way in

　　　16　.When I got home,I called my mother and　17　her for talking about this to my daughter.Then I did what I’d seen my brave little girl do that very afternoon.I agreed to　18　

　　Steve.

　　Steve was the man for me.We　19　less than a year later.It turned out my mother and

　　daughter were　20　.

　　1．A.surprised

　　B．disappointedC．sadD．puzzled

　　答案　C

　　解析　由上下文语境可知,小女孩想骑自行车又不敢骑,由此可以推断其心情是很悲哀的,因此该空应填sad。

　　2．A.wanted

　　B．hated

　　C．lost

　　D．gained

　　答案　A