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2024高考英语北师大版一轮复习Unit 11夯实训练含答案
高考题型提能练(十一) Unit 11
Directions: Complete the following passage by filling in each blank with one word that best fits the context.
We can choose our friends，but usually we cannot choose our neighbors.However，to get a happy home life，we have to get along with
1
as well as possible.
An important quality in a neighbor is consideration for
2
.People should not do things
3
will disturb their neighbors unnecessarily.For example，television sets need not be played at full volume (音量)
4
loud pop music should not be played very late at night.By avoiding things likely to upset your neighbors，you can enjoy
5
friendly relationship with them.
An equally important quality is tolerance.Neighbors should do all they can to avoid disturbing other people，
6
there are times when some level of disturbance is unavoidable.
7
neighbors want to get along well with each other，they have to show their tolerance.In this way，everyone will live
8
peace.
【语篇导读】 我们可以选择朋友，却无法选择邻居；因此处理好邻里关系至关重要。该篇文章主要说明如何处理好邻里关系。
1．them [根据句式结构此处缺少get along with的宾语，根据上下文句意所填词汇应是前文提到的neighbors，故用代词them。]
2．others [根据句式结构此处缺少介词for的宾语，应填名词或代词，根据下文意思可以总结出“好邻居的重要品质是为他人着想”，故填others。]
3．that/which [分析结构可知此句中需要填的是定语从句的引导词，先行词是things指物，在从句中做主语，故用that/which。]
4．and [此处缺少连词，根据句意可知上下文是并列加顺延的关系，故用and。]
5．a [此处考查冠词。relationship此处作可数名词，且第一次出现，用a。]
6．but [此处缺少连词。根据语境：“邻居们应该尽其所能避免打搅别人，但有时一些搅扰是不可避免的”。此处上下文是转折关系，故用but。]
7．If/When [此处缺少连词。根据句意：“如果邻居们想要和睦相处他们应互相忍让。”所填词汇应能引导条件状语或时间状语从句，故用If或When。]
8．in [此处考查固定短语的介词搭配。根据句意，这样，大家都能和平共处，故用in，“in peace”和平地。]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
AParents say that honesty is the best policy, but they regularly lie to their children as a way of influencing their behavior and emotions, finds new research from the University of Toronto and the University of California.
Surprisingly little has been published on the subject of parental lying, so Gail Heyman, professor of psychology at the University of California, Diem Luu, a former student of the University of California, and Kang Lee, professor at the University Toronto, set out to explore the underresearched phenomenon.
They asked US participants in two related studies about parents lying to their children—either for the purpose of promoting appropriate behavior or to make them happy.
In one of the studies, many parents reported they told their young children that bad things would happen if they didn't go to bed or eat what they were supposed to. Other parents reported inventing magical creatures. One explained, ?We told our daughter that if she wrapped up all her pacifiers (橡皮奶嘴) like gifts, the fair would come and give them to the children who needed them.”
In the other study, the researchers surveyed college students' recollections about their parents' lying and obtained similar results: parents often lie to their children even as they tell them that lying is unacceptable.
The researchers refer to this practice as “parenting by lying”. “We are surprised by how often parenting by lying takes place，” said LEE. Though Heyman thinks that there are occasions when it is appropriate to be less than truthful with a child, she urges parents to think through the issues and consider alternatives before using lies.
“Children sometimes behave in ways that are disruptive or are likely to harm their longterm interests，” said Heyman. “It is common for them to try out a range of strategies, including lying, to stop them.
However, parents should be concerned about the possible longterm negative consequences to children's beliefs about honesty.”
文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。父母常教育孩子要诚实，但他们自己有时却对孩子撒谎。研究人员就此现象进行了调研，并且提出家长应该考虑到对孩子经常说谎可能会造成的长期的负面影响的结论，并建议家长考虑一些其他的教育方法。
1．The subject of parental lying ________.
A．was not allowed to be researched in the past
B．attracts little attention because it is common
C．hasn't got many published results about it
D．is becoming more and more popular
答案：C 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句中“Surprisingly little has been published on the subject of parental lying”可知，对于父母撒谎的行为很少有报道。故C项正确。
2．The study of Gai Heyman, Diem Luu and Kang Lee was focused on parents' lies that ________.
A．aim to cover their mistakes
B．lead children to hate them
C．aim to give children a positive influence
D．make children get used to lying
答案：C 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句中“They asked US participants in two related studies about... for the purpose of promoting appropriate behavior or to make them happy.”可知，父母说谎的原因本是想给孩子带来积极的影响。故C项正确。
3．What does Heyman think of parental lying?
A．It is a great parenting strategy.
B．Parents should think twice before using it.
C．It usually does more good than harm.
D．Parents should do something to make up for it after using it.
答案：B 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Though Heyman thinks that there are occasions when it is appropriate to be less than truthful with a child, she urges parents to think through the issues and consider alternatives before using lies.”可知，Heyman认为父母应该想清楚对孩子撒谎的问题，在撒谎之前要考虑再三。故B项正确。
4．Parents usually ________ when their young children don't go to bed properly.
A．turn off the bedroom lights and play some music
B．shout at them loudly
C．shut the door and let them alone
D．make up some magical creatures to let them believe
答案：D 细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“Other parents reported inventing magical creatures”可知，D项正确。
5．In which part of a newspaper would you most probably find the passage?
A．Business.
B．Education.
C．Technology.
D．Fashion.
答案：B 推理判断题。文章主要讨论了父母在教育孩子时，是否应该撒谎的问题。故最有可能在报纸上的教育一栏出现。故B项正确。
B
(2024·济南质量检测)The Netherlands on Monday launched its firstever “intelligent bicycle”， fitted with a set of electronic devices to help bring down the high accident rate among elderly cyclists in this country.
The intelligent bicycle runs on electricity. Its seat shakes when other cyclists approach from behind, while the handlebars do the same when obstacles appear ahead to inform cyclists to pay attention to the danger. It also has a cradle (置物架) in which a computer can be inserted, to wirelessly connect and “talk” to the bicycle through a particular application. The computer also flashes a bright signal if there is an approaching obstacle in the bicycle's path, like a tree, or if another cyclist comes up from behind intending to pass.
A commercialavailable bicycle is expected to be on the market in the next two years and should sell for between 1,700 euros to 3,200 euros per bicycle. It weighs about 55 pounds but researchers are working on making the onboard systems smaller.
“Accidents often happen when cyclists look behind them or get a fright when they are passed at high speed，” said Maurice Kwakkernaat, one of the scientists involved in the project, “The onboard system technology has already been at work in the automotive industry.”
“More and more elderly people are using a bicycle, not only for short distances, but also for longer distances，” Dutch Environment Minister Melanie Schultz van Haegen said.“This type of bicycle is truly needed in the Netherlands because it will help us bring down the number of elderly people who are injured every year and allow them to continue enjoying cycling，” she said.
1.When a car appears ahead, the intelligent bicycle will________.
A.stop by itself B.make a noise
C.warn its cyclist
D.change its color
2.What do you know about the intelligent bicycle?
A.It uses gas as the fuel.
B.It is widely used now.
C.It will be lighter in weight.
D.It will be free for everyone.
3.More and more elderly people in the Netherlands________.
A.try to invent intelligent bicycles
B.enjoy themselves by cycling
C.drive cars for longer distances
D.devote themselves to computers
4.What does the text mainly talk about?
A.The newlyinvented bicycle can warn of danger.
B.The intelligent computer runs on electricity.
C.More elderly people enjoy electronic devices.
D.The means of transportation in the Netherlands.
1．解析：选C 细节理解题根据第二段第二句“Its seat shakes ... pay attention to the danger.”可知当前方出现障碍物时自行车把手会摇晃提醒骑行者注意危险故选C解析：选C 细节理解题根据第三段最后一句“It weighs about 55 pounds but researchers are working on making the onboard systems smaller.”可知研究人员正致力于使车载系统变得更小由此可推知这款自行车以后会更轻故选C解析：选B 细节理解题根据最后一段中的“More and more elderly ...for longer distances”以及“This type of bicycle ... allow them to continue enjoying cycling”可知越来越多的荷兰老年人享受骑车带来的快乐故选B解析：选A 主旨大意题根据第一段内容可知荷兰在星期一推出了首辆“智能自行车”这种自行车配备了一套电子设备用来帮助降低该国老年骑车者的高事故发生率故选AC
Winter Vinecki began running at age five, but got serious in 2024 after her father died of cancer — that’s when she decided to honor his memory by running a marathon on every continent before her 15th birthday.
Scope: Team Winter is an organization you founded to raise money for cancer research. How did it get started?
Winter: At first, Team Winter was formed to fight childhood obesity. When I was 8, I ran a race and raised $1,100 for that cause. But less than a year later, my dad got cancer. I knew I had to do something to help. When I started, my goal was to raise $10,000. I’ve raised well past that — almost $500,000.
Scope: What goes through your mind when you run?
Winter: When I’m having a hard time during a race, I think about my dad. If he could deal with the pain of cancer, I can deal with any type of pain. He was a very friendly person. He was always smiling and very happy even when he had cancer.
Scope: Is your age ever an obstacle in your races?
Winter: I’ve been turned down by race directors who won’t let anyone younger than 16 or 18 compete. But Diana Nyad, the first person to swim from Cuba to Florida without a shark cage, told me, “Never let them tell you it can’t be done.” From then on I knew my age wasn’t the problem.
Scope: You’ve probably inspired lots of people too.
Winter: I’ve heard about kids doing projects like me. Once in a restaurant, a boy came up to my mom and me and told us his dad had cancer too. Now he’s competing in running for his dad. Hearing stories like that helps keep me going.
1. What do we know about Team Winter?
A. It always holds different races.
B. Its final goal is to raise $500,000.
C. It was named after Winter’s father.
D. It was to help obese children at first.
2. When Winter has a hard time during a race, what keeps her going?
A. Her father’s illness.
B. Her father’s success.
C. Her father’s bravery.
D. Her father’s kindness.
3. Winter’s words in the last paragraph tell us that _____.
A. she sets a good example for others
B. she hopes others will do what she does
C. the boy wants to join Team Winter
D. the boy invites her to compete with him
(个人情况)本文是应用文。文章是对15岁马拉松选手Winter Vinecki的访谈。
. D。细节理解题。根据第一部分问答的At first, Team Winter was formed to fight childhood obesity可知，Winter创建Team Winter的最初目的是为肥胖儿童筹集善款。
2. C。推理判断题。根据第二部分问答可知，如果Winter在比赛中遇到困难，她会想到父亲总是微笑地面对病痛。故正是父亲在病痛面前表现出的勇敢让Winter在困境中继续前进。
. A。推理判断题。从最后一部分问答的kids doing projects like me以及男孩为帮助父亲参加比赛的举动可知，Winter为他人树立了良好的榜样。
Ⅱ.任务型阅读
(2024·内蒙古包头市学业水平测试与评估)
How to Get Motivated
You must think positively no matter how big a challenge is. If you think positively you will feel better and will be able to overcome challenges in life. Furthermore, meet an optimistic person and you will notice how motivated he is towards life. 1.________
On the other hand, negative thinking will only cause more depression in your life. 2.________ Don't be jealous of those who are successful around you. Instead, take inspiration from their success stories. This will make you motivated to get what you want. Moreover, you can also read books that are written by inspirational and successful personalities.
There is a famous quote that reads, “A healthy body leads to a healthy mind.” If your mind is healthy, you will think positively. 3.________
Whether you are working out in the gym or going for a long walk, make sure that you incorporate an exercise plan in your daily routine. 4.________
Hence, it is important to break your routine and do something different. Either you go on a vacation or learn a new skill. It is important to break the monotony (单调) in your daily life.
Human beings are extraordinary individuals who are able to complete the hardest tasks and achieve the impossible. It is important to get out of your comfort zone and try something different. 5.________
