【简介】感谢网友“雕龙文库”参与投稿，这里小编给大家分享一些，方便大家学习。
虚拟语气考点分析
考点一、条件句中的虚拟语气
【考例】
—It rained cats and dogs this morning. I’m glad we took an umbrella.
—Yeah, we would have got wet all over if we _____. (2024重庆)
A. hadn’t
B. haven’t
C. didn’t
D. don’t
解析：A。 根据would have got wet可知，应用与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。
考点二、错综时间/混合虚拟语气
【考例】
Maybe if I ______ science, and not literature then, I would be able to give you more help. (2011北京)
A. studied
B. would study
C. had studied
D. was studying
解析：C。当条件从句与结果主句所表示的时间不一致时，虚拟语气的形式应做相应的调整。句意：也许如果当时我学习的是科学而不是文学的话，那么我(现在)就可以给你更多的帮助了。根据句意和would be可知主句表示对现在的虚拟，根据then一词可以确定此处条件句表示与过去事实相反，从句谓语动词使用had done的形式。
考点三、虚拟条件从句的倒装和省略
【考例】
Had they known what was coming next, they _____ second thoughts. (2024浙江)
A. may have
B. could have
C. must have had
D. might have had
解析：D。如果虚拟条件从句的谓语动词中含有were, had(助动词)或should，可以省略连词if，而把were, had或should放在主语前构成倒装。如果条件句是否定形式，倒装时只能把not放在主语的后面。句意：他们要是早知道将要发生什么的话，也许就会有另外的想法了。 根据Had they known可知，应用与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。
考点四、含蓄条件虚拟语气
【考例】
We lost our way in that small village, otherwise we ______ more places of interest yesterday. (2024福建)
A. visited
B. had visited
C. would visit
D. would have visited
解析：D。虚拟语气中有时假设的情况并不以条件从句的形式表现出来，而暗含在上下文中，通过某些词语(如without, otherwise, but, but for等)表现出来。句意：我们在小村庄里迷路了，否则昨天我们就会参观更多的名胜。
考点五、“(should) do” 型虚拟语气 (主要用在名词性从句中)
【考例1】
Teachers recommend parents ______ their children under 12 to ride bicycles to school for safety. (2010福建)
A. not allow
B. do not allow
C. mustn’t allow
D. couldn’t allow
解析：A。句意：为了安全起见，老师建议家长不要让12岁以下的孩子骑自行车上学。在表示建议、要求、命令等的名词性从句中，谓语动词用“(should)＋动词原形”形式。常用于此情况的词语有：坚持(insist)，命令(order, command), 建议(suggest/suggestion, advise, recommend/recommendation)，要求(ask, demand，request, require/requirement)等等。
【考例2】
—Don’t you think it necessary that he ______to Miami but to New York?
—I agree, but the problem is ______ he has refused to. (2005江苏)
A. will not be sent; that
B. not be sent; that
C. should not be sent; what
D. should not send; what
解析：B。“(should)+do”型虚拟语气还包括It is necessary, important... + that+主语+(should)+ do句型。
考点六、wish(ed)后从句中的虚拟语气
【考例】
— Where are the children? The dinner’s going to be completely ruined.
— I wish they ______ always late. (2011北京)
A. weren’t
B. hadn’t been
C. wouldn’t be
D. wouldn’t have been
解析：A。句意： ——孩子们都到哪里去了？宴会就要被他们彻底破坏了。 —— 我希望他们不要总是迟到。由always可知本题表示从句动作与wish同时存在或发生，故选择A。在wish后面的宾语从句中的谓语动词要用虚拟语气。与现在事实相反用动词过去式(be常用were); 与过去事实相反用过去完成时或could/would+ have done；与将来事实相反用could/would/might +动词原形。注意：“hope +从句”结构中，从句要用陈述语气。
考点七、特殊句式中的虚拟语气 (It’s time that / would rather / as if /if only等)◆在It is (high) time that句型中，从句常用一般过去时。
虚拟语气考点分析
考点一、条件句中的虚拟语气
【考例】
—It rained cats and dogs this morning. I’m glad we took an umbrella.
—Yeah, we would have got wet all over if we _____. (2024重庆)
A. hadn’t
B. haven’t
C. didn’t
D. don’t
解析：A。 根据would have got wet可知，应用与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。
考点二、错综时间/混合虚拟语气
【考例】
Maybe if I ______ science, and not literature then, I would be able to give you more help. (2011北京)
A. studied
B. would study
C. had studied
D. was studying
解析：C。当条件从句与结果主句所表示的时间不一致时，虚拟语气的形式应做相应的调整。句意：也许如果当时我学习的是科学而不是文学的话，那么我(现在)就可以给你更多的帮助了。根据句意和would be可知主句表示对现在的虚拟，根据then一词可以确定此处条件句表示与过去事实相反，从句谓语动词使用had done的形式。
考点三、虚拟条件从句的倒装和省略
【考例】
Had they known what was coming next, they _____ second thoughts. (2024浙江)
A. may have
B. could have
C. must have had
D. might have had
解析：D。如果虚拟条件从句的谓语动词中含有were, had(助动词)或should，可以省略连词if，而把were, had或should放在主语前构成倒装。如果条件句是否定形式，倒装时只能把not放在主语的后面。句意：他们要是早知道将要发生什么的话，也许就会有另外的想法了。 根据Had they known可知，应用与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。
考点四、含蓄条件虚拟语气
【考例】
We lost our way in that small village, otherwise we ______ more places of interest yesterday. (2024福建)
A. visited
B. had visited
C. would visit
D. would have visited
解析：D。虚拟语气中有时假设的情况并不以条件从句的形式表现出来，而暗含在上下文中，通过某些词语(如without, otherwise, but, but for等)表现出来。句意：我们在小村庄里迷路了，否则昨天我们就会参观更多的名胜。
考点五、“(should) do” 型虚拟语气 (主要用在名词性从句中)
【考例1】
Teachers recommend parents ______ their children under 12 to ride bicycles to school for safety. (2010福建)
A. not allow
B. do not allow
C. mustn’t allow
D. couldn’t allow
解析：A。句意：为了安全起见，老师建议家长不要让12岁以下的孩子骑自行车上学。在表示建议、要求、命令等的名词性从句中，谓语动词用“(should)＋动词原形”形式。常用于此情况的词语有：坚持(insist)，命令(order, command), 建议(suggest/suggestion, advise, recommend/recommendation)，要求(ask, demand，request, require/requirement)等等。
【考例2】
—Don’t you think it necessary that he ______to Miami but to New York?
—I agree, but the problem is ______ he has refused to. (2005江苏)
A. will not be sent; that
B. not be sent; that
C. should not be sent; what
D. should not send; what
解析：B。“(should)+do”型虚拟语气还包括It is necessary, important... + that+主语+(should)+ do句型。
考点六、wish(ed)后从句中的虚拟语气
【考例】
— Where are the children? The dinner’s going to be completely ruined.
— I wish they ______ always late. (2011北京)
A. weren’t
B. hadn’t been
C. wouldn’t be
D. wouldn’t have been
解析：A。句意： ——孩子们都到哪里去了？宴会就要被他们彻底破坏了。 —— 我希望他们不要总是迟到。由always可知本题表示从句动作与wish同时存在或发生，故选择A。在wish后面的宾语从句中的谓语动词要用虚拟语气。与现在事实相反用动词过去式(be常用were); 与过去事实相反用过去完成时或could/would+ have done；与将来事实相反用could/would/might +动词原形。注意：“hope +从句”结构中，从句要用陈述语气。
考点七、特殊句式中的虚拟语气 (It’s time that / would rather / as if /if only等)◆在It is (high) time that句型中，从句常用一般过去时。
