【简介】感谢网友“雕龙文库”参与投稿，这里小编给大家分享一些，方便大家学习。
第12讲 写作微课堂
1．主语——句子的主体主语是句子的主体是句子所要说明的人或事物表示句子描述的是谁或什么。主语通常由名词(短语)、代词、数词、动词不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)或从句等充当。Nowadays, afterclass activities are becoming more and more popular in high schools.
现如今在高中课外活动变得越来越流行。(名词短语作主语)(2024·江西高考)Besides,
developing a good habit of learning
can help you improve your learning effectively.另外养成良好的学习习惯能帮助你有效地提高你的学习。(动名词短语作主语)(2024·浙江高考)What we need most are popular science books.我们最需要的是科普书。(从句作主语)谓语——主语的行为谓语用来描述主语的行为动作、状态或特征。谓语只能由动词(短语)充当有人称、数和时态的变化。(2024·安徽高考)I have long been interested in space exploration and I believe I could learn a great deal from him about it. 长期以来我一直对太空探索感兴趣我相信我可以从他那里学到很多知识。(实义动词作谓语)(2024·湖南高考)The watch
is necessary
in our daily life, is too simple and dull.
手表在我们日常生活中是必要的但它的功能太简单呆板了。(系表结构作谓语)3．宾语——动作的对象宾语是动作的对象或承受者一般位于及物动词和介词的后面。可以用作宾语的有：名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词和从句等。(2024·重庆高考)If you could provide more information, 如果你能提供更多的信息我将不胜感激。(名词作宾语)(2024·四川高考)And I started to see this as a timewasting activity!我开始把这看作是一项浪费时间的活动！(不定式作宾语)(2024·湖北高考)Compared with the escaped driver, what I did.
与逃逸的司机相比我为所做之事感到自豪。(从句作宾语)表语——主语的特征表语与前面的系动词一起构成复合谓语(系表结构)用(2024·安徽高考)I would really like to interview him because he is not only the first Chinese to go to space but also one of the greatest astronauts in the world. 我十分愿意采访他因为他不仅仅是第一个到太空的中国人还是世界上最伟大的宇航员之一。(名词短语作表语)(2024·四川高考)So I
am quite confident
that I can help you learn Mandarin. 因此我有信心帮助您学好普通话。(形容词作表语)定语——名词的修饰语定语是用来描述名词或代词的品质与特征的修饰语它常和名词构成名词短语。可以用作定语的有：形容词、名词、代词、数词、副词、不定式、动名词、分词、介词短语和从句等。(2024·陕西高考)As an outgoing girl, 作为一个外向型的女孩我和同学们相处得很好。(形容(2024·北京高考)Finally, we made
on the table and took pictures with the old craftsman.
最后我们把我们制作的面人放在桌子上并和老匠人拍照。(从句作定语)状语——句子的美容师状语是用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句(2024·广东高考)Amazingly, f whom later grew to be confident, considerate and wellbehaved.
令人感到惊讶的是她获得了学生的尊敬后来He lifted a stone only to drop it on his own feet.
他搬起石头结果砸了自己的脚。(不定式作状语)补足语——有了你句子才完美补足语是用来说明宾语或主语的性质、状态等的一种句子成分。可以用作补足语的有：形容词、名词、不定式、分词和介词短语等。(2024·全国卷Ⅱ)We'll also spend some fun time together singing, happy.
我们也将用些时间一起来唱歌、跳舞、玩游戏我们希望这些有趣的活动会让他们感到高兴。(形容词作宾语补足语)(2024·浙 Popular science books can help us students
(to) become more interested
in science and nature.
科普类图书能帮助我们学生对科学和自然更感兴趣。(不定式作宾语补足语)同位语——不是藤而是树对句子中的某一成分作进一步解释、说明与前面的成分在语法上处于同等地位的句子成分叫做同位语。可以用(2024·天津高考)I am Li Jin,
president of the Student
from Chenguang Middle School.
我是李津来自晨光中学的学生会主席。(名词短语作同位语)(2024·湖北高考I was so hurt that I almost accepted the fact that our friendship came to an end.
我是如此受伤以至于我几乎接受了我们的友谊结束了的事实。(从句作同位语)
1．SV句式：主语＋谓语(不及物动词)句式常用来表示主语的动作或状态。其特点为：句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思这类动词叫做不及物动词后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。(2024·北京高考)I am writing to tell you my exciting plan for the summer holiday. 我写信是想告诉你我的激动人心的暑假计划。Bathed in the sunshine, we jumped and cheered with joy.
沐浴在阳光中我们高兴得欢呼雀跃。句式：主语＋谓语(及物动词)＋宾语句式句型特点为：谓语动词均为实义动词都是主语发出的动作但不[名师指津] 该句式的谓语动词要用及物动词。如果是不及物动词后面一定要跟介词构成及物词组。(2024·广东高考)Last but not least, ms more efficiently.
最后但同样重要的是小组学习可以分享我们高效解决问题的经验。(2024·江西高考)Finally, 最后我们应该经常参(2024·江苏高考)Nowadays, 当今许多大城市的人们在抱怨交通拥堵。句式：主语＋系动词＋表语句式就是常说的主系表结构。此句式侧重说明主语be动词)表语多为形容词也可以是名词、介词短语、不定式及分词等。(2024·重庆高考)As a student in senior high school, 作为一名高中生最重要的(2024·全国卷Ⅱ)In a word, 总之我的生活会越来越丰富多彩。(2024·山东高考)In my opinion,
be happy．依我来看一个没有朋友的人永远不会幸福。句式：主语＋谓语(及物动词)＋间接宾语＋直接宾语句式中的谓语动词必须跟两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。一个是表示人的间接宾语；一个是表示物的直接宾语。一般间接宾语在前面直接宾语在后面。(2024·北京高考)This camp will open on July 20th. It offers teenagers like you and me a chance to enjoy sports and learn about Chinese culture.
这个训练营将在7月20日开始。它给我们这样的青少年提供了一个欣赏体育运动和学习中国文化的机会。(2024·湖北高考)Two years ago, ur_teacher offered us an answer to a difficult math problem in class.
两年前课堂上老师给我们提供了一个数学难题的答案。句式：主语＋谓语(及物动词)＋宾语＋宾语补足语句式中的动词虽然是及物动词但是只跟一(2024·北京高考)If you are interested in it, 如果你对此感兴趣请告知我会发给你更多信息。(2024·北京高考)Last Tuesday, 上周二我们班邀请了一位老匠人来教我们怎样做面人。As a high school student, I consider English a very important subject．作为一名高中生我认为英语是一门非常重要的科目。
1．不一定简单的简单句如果句子中只包含一个主谓结构而句子的各个成分都只由单词或短语表示它就是简单句(不管句子是长是短)。两个或更多的主语可以共用一个谓语也是简单句；两个或更多的谓语可以共用一个主语也是简单句；两个或更多的主语和两个或更多的谓语也是简单句。(2024·江苏高考)In spite of the largescale construction of roads and highways, there is still much room for improvement, 尽管我们大规模地建设道路、公路但是由于近年来日益增长的汽车数量对于这个问题还有很大的提升空间。(2024·安徽高考)This is a good way
of letting your anger out without hurting others or yourself.这是一个很好的发泄愤怒的方式不会伤害到别人或自己。(2024·江西高考)In the next three years of your senior high school life, you will face more and more challenges.在你随后三年的高中生活中你将会面对越来越多的挑战。“剪不断、理也不乱”的并列句由两个或两个以上的简单句并列连接起来的句子称为并列句。并列句的各个简单句彼此独立、互不依从但它们表达的意思之间有一定的关系。并列连词之前可用逗号也可不用逗号。(2024·浙江高考)Without hesitation, we did have lots of fun that day.
毫不犹豫地我决定接受他们的建议而且那一天我们的确玩得非常开心。(2024·上海高考)As middle school students, Chinese culture isn't fit to appear in an English newspaper.
作为中学生我们不熟悉外国文化而中国的文化也不适合出现在英语报刊中。(2024·江西高考)Firstly, it is necessary for all of you to build an effective method in your study.
首先作为一名学生最重要的是学习因此你们所有人都有必要在学习中建立一个有效的方式。不一定复杂的复合句复合句由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成。主句是全句的主体通常独立存在从句则只用作句子的一个成分不能独立。复合句中的从句包括定语从句、状语从句和名词性从句(主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句)。(2024·广东高考 )DNA test, a new technique, which is tested by analyzing saliva sample (定语从句), 检测一种新的技术通过分析唾液样品进行测试将出现在外国医疗行业。(2024·陕西高考)I have
such a good command of English that I am elected as assistant to my English teacher (状语从句)．我如此擅长英语以至于我被选为英语老师的助手。(2024·四川高考)In addition,
what may interest you most
(主语从句)
is that I am really nervous and upset
(表语从句) when taking the exam.另外可能最使你感兴趣的是考试时我真的紧张烦躁。(2024·湖南高考)As is known to all
(定语从句), for they can protect our feet from being hurt (状语从句)．众所周知鞋子在我们的生活中起着非常重要的作用因为它能保护我们的脚免受伤害。Ⅰ.24个升级版必备词汇——词汇的升华写作最基本的要求是考查考1．名词：chance→opportunity; choice→alternative
people→individuals
result→consequence; shortcoming→drawback
Different
individuals
have different opinions about the
safety of food.
不同的人对食品安全问题有着不同的看法。 To put this problem to an end, we have no
alternative
but to follow these steps.
为了解决这个问题我们没有别的选择只好按这些步骤2．动词：have→possess;
develop→promote
bear→put up with
consider→take into account/consideration
understand→make sense of/figure out
We'll try our best to
promote
the traditional friendship between us.
我们应尽全力发展我们之间的传统友谊。(2024·浙江高考)I sincerely hope that you will
take my suggestions into account.我真诚地希望你能考虑我的建议。形容词：enough→adequate;
useful→availableproper→appropriate
important→vital/significant
interesting→absorbing/striking/appealing
(2024·江西高考)In the coming three years, challenging.
在随后的三年里我们的学校生活将会是具有挑战性的。This phenomenon may lead to
significant
changes towards environmental protection.
这种现象会引发对环境保护问题看法的重大改变。副词：finally→eventually;
hardly→barelynowadays→currently
Eventually
your child will leave home to lead her own life as a fully independent adult.
最终你的孩子会离开家作为一个完全独立的成年人过她自己的生活。No one knows how many people
currently
surf the Net.
没人知道现在有多少人在网上冲浪。连词：so→therefore; and→as well asTherefore, it's extremely important to guarantee that children have enough time to play.
因此要保证孩子们有足够的时间玩耍这是非常重要的。(2024·陕西高考)I really want to obtain this precious opportunity because, as well as
my confidence in speaking English in public.
我的确想要获得这次宝贵的机会因为通过提供我的服务我将能提高我的组织能力、交流技巧和在公共场合说英语的自信。个升级版加分词汇——写作的高级装备掌握了26个升级版加分词汇就像在构建写作大楼的时候找到了结实、保暖、耐用的空心砖它们像五颜六色的彩石不仅耐用更能装点文章让文章表达关注的名词：attention, (2024·四川高考)As for speaking Mandarin, attention to the pronunciation.
关于说普通话注意发音是更好的。Currently, the problem of corruption crimes has become the focus of the
public.
当前腐败犯罪已成为公众关注的焦点。表达争论的名词：discussion, Faced with such an argument, different individuals may come to different opinions.
面对这样的一个争论不同的人可能有不同的观点。3．表达现象的名词：phenomenon(2024·重庆高考)The sentence suggests a common phenomenon: many teenagers care more about their phones than their friends nowadays.这个句子表明了一种常见现象：当今许多青少年关注他们的手机胜过关注他们的朋友。4．表达优缺点的名词：advantage, (2024·广东高考)Besides, more advantages than disadvantages.
此外每个学生可能有不同的弱科和强科因此他们应该互相学习以便于比起劣势来他们拥有更多的优势。表达增长或下降的动词：increase, Long hours of surfing the Internet would lead to declining health.
长时间上网将导致健康状况下降。表达导致后果的动词：result in, Computers have brought about many changes in the workplace.
电脑给工作场所带来了很多变化。表达支持、反对的动词：approve of, The majority of the senior citizens don't approve of the proposal of celebrating western festivals in China.
大多数老年人不赞同在中国庆祝西方节日的提议。表达可能性的形容词：likely(2024·天津高考)If you come to our school, likely to meet some difficult problems in your life.
如果你来我们学校很可能会遇到生活中的一些难题。表达有好处的形容词：beneficialFrom my point of view, our library should buy some popular science books and literary books because they are beneficial to us.
按照10．表达强调的副词：particularly, The more people earn, the more they seem to want, particularly when others earn more than they do.
人们赚得越多似乎想要的也越多尤其是
Ⅰ.“启”——创造良好开端常用表示“启”的过渡词语(常用在段落或文章的开头)：first, above all, to begin/start with, today, now, at present, currently, generally speaking, according to, with the development of ...等。(2024·北京高考)First, 首先他向我们展示了制作面人的基本步骤和技巧。(2024·天津高考)Firstly, 首先我想给你们介绍一下我们城市的天气多风而且冬天非常寒冷。常用表达“启”的句型： As the proverb says/As the saying goes, As can be seen from the table, ...; It goes without saying that ...; There is no denying that ...; It is well known that ...; As is known to all, ...等。(2024·湖南高考)There's no denying that only if we deal with and overcome large numbers of difficulties in a correct way, 无可否认只有当我们用正确的方式处理并克服大量困难我们才会实现我们的梦想。承”——顺势承上启下常用表示“承”的过渡词语：second/secondly, furthermore, moreover, what's worse, still less, to make matters worse, worse still, for example, in other words, additionally, especially, particularly, obviously, at the same time等。(2024·四川高考)Besides, 此外你必须注意书写。(2024·安徽高考)Moreover, 另外听一听轻音乐能使你心情放松给你一个新的开端。常用表达“承”的句型：take ... for example, what is more serious is that ...; as far as I am concerned, ...；the reason why ... is that ...等。What is more serious is that we don't cherish wildlife.
更严重的是我们不珍惜野生动物。Ⅲ.“转”——巧妙转折过渡常用表达“转”的过渡词语：but, (else), on the contrary, on the other hand, in any case, though, although, as, even if/though, despite, in spite of, regardless of等。(2024·广东高考)It is said that the test will enhance the examinees' consciousness of health, but on the contrary it will also be more likely to result in overanxiety. 据说该测试将增强被测者的健康意识但相反它也将更有可能导致过度焦虑。(2024·湖南高考)He also said I set a good example to all of my classmates and that I memorized all the words of unit 3
I was not good at English.
他也说我为同学们树立了一个好榜样而且说虽然我不擅长英语但是我记住了第三单元所有的单词。常用表达“转”的句型：But for me, However, it is a pity that ...等。However, it is a pity that many pay more attention to the empty slogans rather than actions.
然而让人感到遗憾的是很多人更关注空洞的口号而不是实际行动。Ⅳ.“合”——完美结束全文常用表达“合”的过渡词语：in short, 等。All in all, traveling is the best choice to recharge ourselves and get ready for the new challenges.
总的来说旅游是充实自己、准备迎接新的挑战的最好的方式。常用表达“合”的句型：We can, It can easily be safely concluded from ... that ...; We, therefore, can make it clear from the above discussion that ...; Only with combined efforts can we ...; It is (high) time that ...等。It is high time that we did something to prevent the environment from being polluted.
