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2024高考英语二轮精选基础词汇及语法知识强化系列（08）及答案
Ⅰ.品句填词
1．If you do wrong，you ____________(应受)severe punishment.
答案：deserve
2．His ____________(个性)left a deep impression on us.
答案：personality
3．India gained ____________(独立)from Britain in 1947.
答案：independence
4．I’m so ____________(感激的)to you for helping me.
答案：grateful
5．He ____________(瞥一眼)at the envelope and recognized his uncle’s handwriting.
答案：glanced
6．Comrade Lei Feng ____________(奉献) all to people，and he set a nice example for us.
答案：devoted
7．The ancients were ____________(误解) in their belief that the earth was flat.
答案：mistaken
8．____________(判断) from his appearance，he comes from the north.
答案：Judging
9．To the teacher’s great ____________(满足)，all his students passed the exam.
答案：satisfaction
10．____________(面部的) expressions and gestures carry meaning that depends on situations and relationships.
答案：Facial
.完成句子
1．正是他被指控偷钱。
________ ________ he ________ ________ ________ ________ stealing money.
答案：It is；that was accused of
2．我越想到他的粗鲁就越生气。
________ ________ I thought of his rudeness，________ ________ I became.
答案：The more；the angrier
3．如果有可能，我会在钱的方面尽力帮你的。
________ ________，I’ll try my best to help you ________ ________ ________ ________.
答案：If possible；in terms of money
4．如果他没有把钱用来帮助穷人的话，他已经成为百万富翁了。
If he ________ ________ all his money ________ ________ the poor，he ________ ________ ________ a millionaire.
答案：hadn’t devoted；to helping；would have become
5．如果你不专心学习的话，你在下次考试时会不及格的。
If you don’t ________ ________ your study，you’ll ________ ________ ________ in the coming exam.
答案：concentrate on；end up failing
.易错模块
1．Was it at the end of the exploration ________ you discovered the evidence ________ the monsters used to exist in the lake?
A．which；which B．that；that
C．where；that
D．that；which
解析：选B。考查强调句型和名词性从句。前面的that属于强调句型中的连词，强调句中的状语at the end of the exploration。后面的that引导一个同位语从句，表示evidence的具体内容。
2．—This result shows that people prefer faces ________ appear to them and ________ attraction is not simply about physical beauty.
—I can’t agree more.
A．that；that
B．which；which
C．what；what
D．that；which
解析：选A。考查从句在具体语境中的用法。第一空的that为关系代词，修饰先行词faces，在从句中作主语；第二空的that引导一个宾语从句，与and前面的“that people prefer faces”这个宾语从句并列，共同作shows的宾语。
3．I have learned from my bitter experience ________we don’t know ________ we’ve got until it’s gone.
A．that；that
B．what；what
C．that；what
D．which；that
解析：选C。考查名词性从句。第一空后为learned的宾语从句，句子成分完整，应填连接词that；第二空后为know的宾语从句，we’ve got后面缺少宾语，应填what。
4．The question was put forward at the meeting ________ we had enough money for our research.
A．that
B．what
C．which
D．whether
解析：选D。考查名词性从句。同位语从句whether we had enough money for our research是question的具体内容。
.语法专练
用所给动词的适当形式填空
1．Please remain ________(seat)until the plane has come to a complete stop.
答案：seated
2．The first textbook ________(write)for teaching English came out in the 16th century.
答案：written
3．________(drive)by a greater demand for vegetables，farmers have built more greenhouses.
答案：Driven
4．—She looks very happy.She must ________ ________(pass)the exam.
—I guess so.It’s not difficult at all.
答案：have passed
5．My English-Chinese dictionary has disappeared.Who could ________ ________(take)it?
答案：have taken
单项填空
6．(·高考江苏卷)—I left my handbag on the train, but luckily someone gave it to a railway official.
—How unbelievable to get it back! I mean, someone ________ it.
A．will have stolen
B．might have stolen
C．should have stolen
D．must have stolen
解析：选B。句意为“——我把我的手提包落在火车上了。但幸运的是，有人拾到交给了铁路部门。——失而复得，简直难以置信！我是说，本来可能有人会偷了去。”will have done将来可以完成；must have done一定做过某事，表示对过去事情的肯定推测，都与题意不符。should have done本来应该做某事，而实际没做，这就意味着希望有人偷包。might have stolen 过去可能做过，语气比较婉转或不肯定，根据句意选B。
7．—Is Jack on duty today?
—It ________ be him.It’s his turn tomorrow.
A．mustn’t
B．won’t
C．can’t
D．needn’t
解析：选C。can’t表示否定推测，must表示肯定推测。
8．—Hi，Tom.Any idea where Jane is?
—She________in the classroom.I saw her there just now.
A．shall be
B．should have been
C．must be
D．might have been
解析：选C。句意：——嗨，Tom，你知道Jane在哪儿吗？——她肯定在教室里。我刚才在那儿看到她了。从对话中可以看出该空是对现在情况的肯定的猜测。
9．(·杭州教学检测)Michael knew he would certainly get ________ if he was late home.
A．shout at
B．to shout at
C．shouted at
D．to be shouted at
解析：选C。句意：迈克尔知道如果他回家晚肯定会遭到指责的。故用“get＋过去分词”结构。
10．(2024·合肥教学检测)The interview he paid little attention to ________ him the chance to work in this company.
A．being cost
B．be cost
C．costing
D．cost
解析：选D。interview后省略了关系代词that，that在定语从句中作paid little attention to的宾语，所以主句缺少谓语动词，故选D。
11．We spent 16 glorious days in August,2008 ________ the athletes’ joys and tears，and we were amazed at their ability.
A．shared
B．to share
C．sharing
D．share
解析：选C。分词sharing作状语表伴随。
12．Blamed for breaking my promise，I felt my face ________ hot，and hung my head in shame.
A．to grow
B．to be growing
C．grown
D．grow
解析：选D。句意：“我”因未能信守诺言而被责备，因此感到脸发烫，羞愧地垂下头。feel sb./sth.do sth.，宾语补足语用动词原形。
13．________ with so much trouble，we failed to complete the task on time.
A．Faced
B．Face
C．Facing
D．To face
解析：选A。face with常用被动语态：使面对(问题、不愉快局面等)，使面临。如：You are faced with a choice.你面临抉择。空处后如没有with，则应用facing。
14．________ automatically，the e-mail will be received by all the club members.
A．Mailed out
B．Mailing out
C．To be mailed out
D．Having mailed out
解析：选A。由上下文逻辑可知，the e-mail与mail out之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故须用过去分词。
15．Walter offered us a lift when he was leaving the office，but ________ our work，we turned down the offer.
A．not finished
B．not having finished
C．finished
D．having finished
解析：选B。考查非谓语动词。动词finish的逻辑主语是we，它是动作的执行者，所以应用主动形式，排除选项A和C；再依据句中的turned down the offer可知，该处应指工作没有完成，所以答案为B。分词短语在此作状语，相当于状语从句because we hadn’t finished our work。
2024高考英语二轮精选基础词汇及语法知识强化系列（08）及答案
Ⅰ.品句填词
1．If you do wrong，you ____________(应受)severe punishment.
答案：deserve
2．His ____________(个性)left a deep impression on us.
答案：personality
3．India gained ____________(独立)from Britain in 1947.
答案：independence
4．I’m so ____________(感激的)to you for helping me.
答案：grateful
5．He ____________(瞥一眼)at the envelope and recognized his uncle’s handwriting.
答案：glanced
6．Comrade Lei Feng ____________(奉献) all to people，and he set a nice example for us.
答案：devoted
7．The ancients were ____________(误解) in their belief that the earth was flat.
答案：mistaken
8．____________(判断) from his appearance，he comes from the north.
答案：Judging
9．To the teacher’s great ____________(满足)，all his students passed the exam.
答案：satisfaction
10．____________(面部的) expressions and gestures carry meaning that depends on situations and relationships.
答案：Facial
.完成句子
1．正是他被指控偷钱。
________ ________ he ________ ________ ________ ________ stealing money.
答案：It is；that was accused of
2．我越想到他的粗鲁就越生气。
________ ________ I thought of his rudeness，________ ________ I became.
答案：The more；the angrier
3．如果有可能，我会在钱的方面尽力帮你的。
________ ________，I’ll try my best to help you ________ ________ ________ ________.
答案：If possible；in terms of money
4．如果他没有把钱用来帮助穷人的话，他已经成为百万富翁了。
If he ________ ________ all his money ________ ________ the poor，he ________ ________ ________ a millionaire.
答案：hadn’t devoted；to helping；would have become
5．如果你不专心学习的话，你在下次考试时会不及格的。
If you don’t ________ ________ your study，you’ll ________ ________ ________ in the coming exam.
答案：concentrate on；end up failing
.易错模块
1．Was it at the end of the exploration ________ you discovered the evidence ________ the monsters used to exist in the lake?
A．which；which B．that；that
C．where；that
D．that；which
解析：选B。考查强调句型和名词性从句。前面的that属于强调句型中的连词，强调句中的状语at the end of the exploration。后面的that引导一个同位语从句，表示evidence的具体内容。
2．—This result shows that people prefer faces ________ appear to them and ________ attraction is not simply about physical beauty.
—I can’t agree more.
A．that；that
B．which；which
C．what；what
D．that；which
解析：选A。考查从句在具体语境中的用法。第一空的that为关系代词，修饰先行词faces，在从句中作主语；第二空的that引导一个宾语从句，与and前面的“that people prefer faces”这个宾语从句并列，共同作shows的宾语。
3．I have learned from my bitter experience ________we don’t know ________ we’ve got until it’s gone.
A．that；that
B．what；what
C．that；what
D．which；that
解析：选C。考查名词性从句。第一空后为learned的宾语从句，句子成分完整，应填连接词that；第二空后为know的宾语从句，we’ve got后面缺少宾语，应填what。
4．The question was put forward at the meeting ________ we had enough money for our research.
A．that
B．what
C．which
D．whether
解析：选D。考查名词性从句。同位语从句whether we had enough money for our research是question的具体内容。
.语法专练
用所给动词的适当形式填空
1．Please remain ________(seat)until the plane has come to a complete stop.
答案：seated
2．The first textbook ________(write)for teaching English came out in the 16th century.
答案：written
3．________(drive)by a greater demand for vegetables，farmers have built more greenhouses.
答案：Driven
4．—She looks very happy.She must ________ ________(pass)the exam.
—I guess so.It’s not difficult at all.
答案：have passed
5．My English-Chinese dictionary has disappeared.Who could ________ ________(take)it?
答案：have taken
单项填空
6．(·高考江苏卷)—I left my handbag on the train, but luckily someone gave it to a railway official.
—How unbelievable to get it back! I mean, someone ________ it.
A．will have stolen
B．might have stolen
C．should have stolen
D．must have stolen
解析：选B。句意为“——我把我的手提包落在火车上了。但幸运的是，有人拾到交给了铁路部门。——失而复得，简直难以置信！我是说，本来可能有人会偷了去。”will have done将来可以完成；must have done一定做过某事，表示对过去事情的肯定推测，都与题意不符。should have done本来应该做某事，而实际没做，这就意味着希望有人偷包。might have stolen 过去可能做过，语气比较婉转或不肯定，根据句意选B。
7．—Is Jack on duty today?
—It ________ be him.It’s his turn tomorrow.
A．mustn’t
B．won’t
C．can’t
D．needn’t
解析：选C。can’t表示否定推测，must表示肯定推测。
8．—Hi，Tom.Any idea where Jane is?
—She________in the classroom.I saw her there just now.
A．shall be
B．should have been
C．must be
D．might have been
解析：选C。句意：——嗨，Tom，你知道Jane在哪儿吗？——她肯定在教室里。我刚才在那儿看到她了。从对话中可以看出该空是对现在情况的肯定的猜测。
9．(·杭州教学检测)Michael knew he would certainly get ________ if he was late home.
A．shout at
B．to shout at
C．shouted at
D．to be shouted at
解析：选C。句意：迈克尔知道如果他回家晚肯定会遭到指责的。故用“get＋过去分词”结构。
10．(2024·合肥教学检测)The interview he paid little attention to ________ him the chance to work in this company.
A．being cost
B．be cost
C．costing
D．cost
解析：选D。interview后省略了关系代词that，that在定语从句中作paid little attention to的宾语，所以主句缺少谓语动词，故选D。
11．We spent 16 glorious days in August,2008 ________ the athletes’ joys and tears，and we were amazed at their ability.
A．shared
B．to share
C．sharing
D．share
解析：选C。分词sharing作状语表伴随。
12．Blamed for breaking my promise，I felt my face ________ hot，and hung my head in shame.
A．to grow
B．to be growing
C．grown
D．grow
解析：选D。句意：“我”因未能信守诺言而被责备，因此感到脸发烫，羞愧地垂下头。feel sb./sth.do sth.，宾语补足语用动词原形。
13．________ with so much trouble，we failed to complete the task on time.
A．Faced
B．Face
C．Facing
D．To face
解析：选A。face with常用被动语态：使面对(问题、不愉快局面等)，使面临。如：You are faced with a choice.你面临抉择。空处后如没有with，则应用facing。
14．________ automatically，the e-mail will be received by all the club members.
A．Mailed out
B．Mailing out
C．To be mailed out
D．Having mailed out
解析：选A。由上下文逻辑可知，the e-mail与mail out之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故须用过去分词。
15．Walter offered us a lift when he was leaving the office，but ________ our work，we turned down the offer.
A．not finished
B．not having finished
C．finished
D．having finished
解析：选B。考查非谓语动词。动词finish的逻辑主语是we，它是动作的执行者，所以应用主动形式，排除选项A和C；再依据句中的turned down the offer可知，该处应指工作没有完成，所以答案为B。分词短语在此作状语，相当于状语从句because we hadn’t finished our work。
