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2010届高三英语一轮复习必备精品
Module 5 Unit5 First aid
高考导航
高考命题趋势
aid 是一个重点词汇，掌握其意思和固定搭配，还应该分清与help的区别。
dress 一词是高考考查重点词汇，备考中应熟练掌握其用法，并注意该词与非谓语和with复合结构结合的考点。 这在2005湖南卷曾经考查过。
present也是考纲重点词汇，属于一词多义的典型代表，平时应全面掌握该词的义项和用法，尤其是作形容词时的位置应准确把握。这一考点在2002北京卷中考查过。
a number of 与the number of 的区别要牢记，在考查主谓一致时常从这一角度命题。在2009年山东卷中涉及到了这一考点。
depend on/upon这一短语是常考的考点，尤其在交际用语的考查中，常考到这一点。
省略是高考考查的重点语法项目，应熟练掌握其规则要求，需要通过多做练习进行识记省略的规则。
【真题再现】
1．
_____________ in a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor.（2005湖南）
A. Dressed
B. To dress
C. Dressing
D. Having dressed
解析：答案为A。该题考查dress的非谓语形式。Dressed in a white uniform相当于When he was dressed in a white uniform。
2. All the people ________ at the party were all his supporters. （ 2002北京 )
A.present B.thankful C.interested D.important
答案A (be) present at是“出席、在场”之意
3. The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities ________ rising steadily since1990. （2009山东）
A. is
B. are
C. has been
D. have been
解析：答案为C 本题考查主谓一致和时态，主语是 the number故谓语动词用单数，又因时间状语是since 1997所以用完成时态4. -- How long are you staying?
-- I don't know. ____. [2004江苏]
A. That's OK
B. Never mind
C. It depends
D. It doesn't matter
答案：C
it depends 意思是“看情况。不能确定”。5.
Some of you may have finished unit one. _____ , you can go on to unit two. （09江西）
A. If you may
B. If you do
C. If not
D. If so
If so = If you have done that / so 的省略。
6. Every evening after dinner, if not
from work, I will spend some time walking my dog. （09湖南）.
A. being tired B. tiring
C. tired
D. to be tired
C
在if引导的条件状语从句中，从句中还原应为if am not tired from work，根据省略的原则，所以答案选C7 It was _____ he came bank from Africa that wear _________ he met the girl he would like to marry.
（09江西）
A. when; then
B. not; until
C. not until; that
D. only; when
答案C 强调句型。根据It is ……that 结构可知。8 It was with great joy______he received the news that his lost daughter had been found.(2004年高考福建卷)
A.because
B.which
C.since
D.that答案D 去掉It was和所填词后为：with great joy he received the news that his lost daughter had been found，结构依然完整，所以为强调句型9
It was evening__________we reached the little town of Winchester.（2004年高考天津卷）
A.that
B.until
C.since
D.before
答案为D 去掉It was和所填词后为: evening we reached the little town of Winchester, evening前缺少介词，所以不是强调句型1.aid n.& vi 帮助；援助；资助
2.injury n. 损伤；伤害
3.bleed v. 出血，流血
4.burn v. (被)烧毁；（被）烧伤
n. 烧伤或灼伤（的痕迹）
5.organ n. 器官
6.treatment n. 治疗；处理；对待
7.mild adj. 轻微的；温和的
8.damage vt. & n. 损害;毁坏
9.present v. 给；介绍；赠送；呈现
10.ceremony n. 典礼；礼仪；礼节1. give / offer / do first aid to sb perform / carry out first aid on sb. 对某人实施急救 2. fall ill 生病 3. get injured / infected / burned 受伤 / 感染 / 烧伤 4. save one’s life 挽救某人的生命 5. sense of touch 触觉 6. electric shock 触电；电休克 7. take off 脱下；（飞机）起飞 8. squeeze out 榨出；挤出 9. over and over again 反复；多次 10. in place 在适当的位置；适当 11. put one’s hands on 找到 12. present sb. with sth. present sth. to sb. 赠予/ 给予某人某物 13. a piece of jewellery 一件珠宝 14. cause / do damage to…. 使……受到危害/ 损害 15. a number of +n. (pl. ) 若干；许多 16. stick sth. to… 贴在…….上 17. make a difference 区别 1. Burns are called first degree, second degree or third degree burns depending on which layers of the skins are burnt. 根据皮肤烧伤的层次而有一度烧伤、二度烧伤和三度烧伤 2. John was studying in his room when he heard screaming. 约翰正在房里学习，突然听到一声尖叫 3. She was lying in her front garden bleeding very heavily 她躺在前花园的地上，流血不止 4. There is no doubt that Jon’s quick thinking and the first aid skills he learned at school saved Ms Slade’s life. 毫无疑问，是敏捷的思维和在学校学到的急救技术，使得斯莱德女士的生命得救了。 5. It shows that a knowledge of first aid can make a real difference . 这说明了急救知识的确能发挥重要的作用 6. If burns are on arms or legs, keep them higher than the heart, if possible. 如果烧伤的部位在臂部或腿部，可能的话，就要把他们抬高到高于心脏的位置。
重难点解读
I 重点单词
1.
aid n.& vi. 帮助；援助；资助
【用法解读】表示一般意义的“帮助”或“援助”，aid 是不可数名词；表示具体意义的“助手”、“辅助用品”，aid是可数名词。如：A dictionary is an important aid in learning a new language.(词典是学习一种新语言的重要工具)
aid 还可以用作动词，搭配为aid sb to do sth(其中的 to 不可省略)，也可用于 aid sb in doing sth
固定搭配
first aid 急救
aid vt. & n. 帮助，援助，救助
aid sb.
帮助某人
aid sb. with sth．
帮助某人(做)某事
aid sb. in(doing) sth．帮助某人(做)某事
in aid of
支持，为……筹措
first aid
急救【经典例句】She came to my aid.
她来帮助我。
They aided the poor country with money．
他们用钱帮助那个穷乡村。
We were aided by the police．
我们受到警方的援助【归纳比较】(1)with the aid of sb. = with sb.’s aid在某人的帮助下
With the aid of a neighbor, he managed to put out the fire. 他在邻居的帮助下把火扑灭了
(2)in aid of为了帮助(或救济)...
The collection is in aid of the blind.
这笔募集的捐款是用来救济盲人的
(3)aid sb. to do sth.= aid sb. in／with帮助某人去做……
I aided her to continue her study. = I aided her in continuing her study.
我帮助她继续做研究
Your advice aided her to succeed.
你的忠告使她取得了成功
（4）do/give/offer first aid to sb. 对某人施行急救
He hurt his arm during the volleyball match, and some of us gave him first aid. 他在排球赛中胳膊受伤了，我们几个人对他进行了急救【即学即用】改错
1）The family lived on government aids for two years.
_____________________________________________________________
（答案：应该为The family lived on government aid for two years. ）
2）We may travel on [under] the aid of a good map.
_______________________________________________________________
（答案：应该为We may travel with the aid of a good map.）
3）We’ve aided him finish the work ahead of time.
________________________________________________________________
（答案：应该为We’ve aided him to finish the work ahead of time.
或We’ve aided him in finishing the work ahead of time） injuryn.损伤；伤害
【用法解读】do sb an injury 伤害某人
be an injury to sb/sth
伤害……；危害……
escape injury免受伤害
repair injury赔偿损害
serious／severe injuries重伤
a slight injury轻伤
【经典例句】 In the crash he suffered severe injuries to the head and arms.
在事故中他头部和双臂受了重伤
He suffered severe injures in a traffic accident.
他在一场车祸中受了重伤
Many common injuries happen every day in the home.
家庭中每天都有许多常见的意外伤害
I didn't mean to do her an injury.
我并未打算伤害她。
The boy injured his leg.
这个男孩把腿弄伤了
Your remark may injure her pride.
你的话也许会伤她的自尊
【归纳比较】
辨析injure，hurt与wound：
injure指人在意外事故中受到的伤害,用于无生命物体的损坏，更多用于对人的某个部位的损伤
wound 指利器或子弹对肉体造成的伤害。是出血的、严重的伤，特指战场上的受伤。也指伤感情
hurt 指的伤害可与injure 同样严重，也可指较轻的痛疼，常指因不小心而引起的痛苦或意外地受到伤害，hurt 也可指对认的感情的伤害
【即学即用】用injure，hurt与wound的正确形式填空:
① Ten soldiers were killed and thirty serious____________.
(答案：wounded)
② He was deeply __________ (hurt )by her dishonesty.
（答案：hurt）
③ I __________
my back lifting that box.
（答案：hurt）
④ In the traffic accident ten were killed and eight were________________.
（答案：injured）
⑤ She felt __________ at your words.
（答案: hurt）
⑥ The bullet
___________ him in the shoulder.
(答案: wounded)
3 damage vt. & n. 损害；毁坏
【用法解读】damage的用法主要有damage one’s health
do damage to
cause great damage
destroy a house / the whole city
【经典例句】
Smoking can damage your health.
抽烟会损害你的健康
Frost caused heavy damage to the crops.
霜冻对农作物造成了重大损害
【归纳比较】destroy／ruin／damage
三个词都有“毁灭”、“破坏”之意，但它们的含义不同：ruin强调毁灭的彻底性，并 且是一次性的行动。这种毁灭也许力量不是很大，但其严重性却使其不能修复它强调的是腩坯的长期结果；destroy指通过某种有力的或粗暴的手段使之毁灭或无用，一般不能或很难修复，有时用于比喻意义；damage则指对价值和功能的破坏，多用于无生命的东西，一般还可以修复 He has destroyed my hope．他破坏了我的希望 The earthquake destroyed a lot of buildings．地震毁坏了许多楼房 The storm ruined the crops．暴风雨毁坏了庄稼 The house across the street is in ruins．街道对面的房子已是一片废墟 The bridge was damaged by the flood． 那座桥梁被洪水损坏了 解题警示: destroy只能用作动词，，而ruin和damage既能用作动词又能用作名词
【即学即用】 (2004年全国Ⅲ完形)Finally the police caught me_______a phone box that had taken my last one pound coin．and I was ordered to see a psychiatrist(心理医生)．
A．destroying B．using C．stealing D．emptying （答案：A从上文仅仅因为电话m殴打老板判断，作者在投完硬币，无法继自打电话时，发生了不理智的行为。catch sb．destroying．．．“抓住某人破坏……”。）
An eahquake struck this area, ________a lot of damage．
A．making
B．causing
C．done
D．caused （答案：B．从搭配来看，mak与damage不搭配；“造成损失，损害”^do／cause damage；此处的动词与前面的句子构成逻辑主谓关系，所以需用现在分词充当结果状语。）
4 dress
v.敷裹，包扎
【】dress意为“穿上、穿着”，既可表示状态，也可表示动作。作动词时，宾语只能是人，而不是衣服，常构成be dressed in短语，表示状态如： She was dressed in white. 她穿了一件白衣服
dress up意为“打扮、穿上盛装”如： She dressed up for the gathering. 她盛装打扮去参加聚会
【经典例句】Immediately after his wound was dressed, he went to work.
Tom had to return to the camp to dress his injuries.
Dressed in white/a white coat, Mary went to the party.
We dressed up to take part in the party.
【归纳比较】英语中表示“穿、戴”的词还有fit on, put on, pull on, wear, dress, dress up, have on 及be in等。下面着重谈谈它们用法的异同点 1. wear, have on, be in常用来表示状态。 （1）wear意为“穿着、戴着”，是延续性动词，其一般现在时表示经常性的状态，现在进行时表示暂时情况。 （2）have on与wear同义，二者可以互换，但have on不能用于进行时。如： She is wearing a red skirt. 她穿着一件红裙子 （这里不可以说：She is having on a red skirt.） （3）另外，wear除指穿衣、鞋、袜子、戴手套外，还可表示戴首饰、手表、眼镜、佩剑、戴花、留头发等。如： He wears a watch while I wear a ring. 他戴着手表，我戴着戒指 （4）wear还可表示“带着（某种表情）”。如： Her face always wears a cheerful smile. 她脸上总是带着愉快的笑容 2. try on, fit on指“试穿”。如： She is having a new coat fitted on. 她正在试穿一件新衣服 3. put on 与pull on put on是“穿上、戴上”的意思，表示动作，是短暂性动词；pull on 指穿袜子、靴子、裤子等自下而上的“穿上”或“匆忙穿上”如： He put on more clothes before he left the office. 离开办公室前，他多穿了些衣服 注意：如果宾语是it或them，应这样表述：put it / them on；pull it / them on。
【即学即用】1）. —Do you know the lady ________________ in red? —I know her no matter what she ________________. A. worn; wears
B. putting on; dresses C. dressed; wears
D. wears; dresses 2）. She asked her daughter to ________________ the new dress. A. be wearing
B. put on
C. wear on
D. dress up as 3）. Jack is ________________ a black jacket today. A. having on
B. put on
C. wearing
D. dressed 4）. ________________ your coat at once. We must hurry. A. Wear
B. Wearing
C. Put on
D. Putting on 5）. How long does it take you to ________________ yourself? A. dress
B. put on
C. wear
D. have on 6）. He often ________________ a blue coat, but he ________________ a green one today. A. has on; is having on
B. is having on; is wearing C. wears; is putting on
D. wears; is wearing 7）. She ________________ her old gloves and ran out of the door. A. had on
B. dressed
C. wore
D. pulled on 8）. How splendid the emperor looks ________________ his new clothes! A. with
B. in
C. on
D. upon
Key： （答案：1. C 2. B 3. C 4. C5. A 6. D 7. D 8. B）
