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语法集训过关(四)
情态动词和虚拟语气
1. (2024·天津模拟)It’s beyond our comprehension that Jim, who tops the class in English, have difficulty translating such a simple sentence.
A. shallB. shouldC. mightD. must
2. (2024·重庆模拟)According to Nobel’s will, the Peace Prize be awarded to the person who has done the most or the best work for the relationship between nations.
A. can B. shall
C. may
D. need
3. (2024·衢州模拟)Facts prove that the world’s economic development is not a win-lose game but one in which all be winners.
A. shall B. can
C. must
D. will
4. (2024·绍兴模拟)—Have you checked the engine?
—Yes, I did twice; there be anything wrong with the car.
A. won’t B. mustn’t
C. needn’t
D. shouldn’t
5. (2024·杭州模拟)Try as you , he won’t listen to your advice on the potential dangers of smoking.
A. can B. may
C. dare
D. will
6. It is usually warm in my hometown in March, but it be rather cold sometimes.
A. must B. can
C. should
D. would
7. (2024·桂林模拟)—What is a left-luggage office?
—It is a place where luggage be left for a certain period of time, especially at a bus or a train station.
A. can B. should
C. must
D. will
8. (2024·温州模拟)If you leave early on weekdays, do it quietly. The other colleagues are also dying to have an early leave.
A. can B. must
C. should
D. may
9. —I can’t find my purse anywhere.
—You have lost it while shopping.
A. should B. can
C. may
D. would
10. (2024·金华模拟)—I promise Shirley get a new iPad on her birthday.
—Will it be a big surprise to her?
A. will B. would
C. should
D. shall
11. —You mustn’t leave your car unlocked while you are away.
—No, I . Please don’t worry too much.
A. can’t B. shouldn’t
C. won’t
D. needn’t
12. (2024·昆明模拟)—Will Mike go with us for the picnic this weekend?
—It depends. He have something to do at home.
A. can B. shall
C. must
D. might
13. —Dad, you are asked on the phone.
—Who it be? It’s already 10 p. m. .
A. must B. can
C. shall
D. need
14. (2024·玉溪模拟)Had it not been for the haze(霾)weather, there fewer car accidents in Beijing then.
A. would have been B. were
C. may be
D. would be
15. Henry would rather that his girlfriend in the same department as he does.
A. worked B. had worked
C. was working
D. would work
16. —Will you accept the job offer?
—If I five years younger, I it.
A. were; have taken
B. has been; would take
C. were; would take
D. had been; would have taken
17. you be given a ten-day holiday, what would you like to do?
A. Should
B. Would
C. Could
D. Might
18. Without you, I the first prize in the speech contest. Thank you, John.
A. can’t win B. won’t win
C. hadn’t won D. wouldn’t have won
19. (2024·宁波模拟)I was really busy these days, otherwise I to your birthday party last night.
A. came B. did come
C. should have come
D. would have come
20. (2024·台州模拟)―Many thanks for your timely reminder; we would have been late if you us of the time.
―You are welcome. I’m glad that I can give you a hand.
A. didn’t inform B. shouldn’t inform
C. hadn’t informed
D. weren’t to inform
21. The manager of the hotel requests that their guests not play rock music after 12: 00 p. m. .
A. should B. must
C. may
D. could
22. (2024·济宁模拟)—I didn’t go to the art show, because I lost my ticket.
—You have borrowed mine. I didn’t go to see it anyway.
A. might B. need
C. could
D. must
23. (2024·宁德模拟)—Have you ever been to the Olympic Games with your family?
—No, but I wish I .
A. have B. will
C. do
D. had
24. (2024·温岭模拟)It is good to end a day with the feeling that you not change anything even if you lived it again.
A. will B. would
C. can
D. should
25. Look at the terrible situation I am in! If only I your advice.
A. follow B. would follow
C. had followed
D. have followed
Ⅱ. 完形填空
(2024·天津模拟)
The family had just moved. The young woman was feeling a little 1 . It was Mother’s Day—and 800 miles separated her from her parents.
She had called them that morning, and her mother had 2 how colorful their backyard was 3 spring had arrived. Later, she told her husband how she 4 those lilacs(丁香)in her parents’ yard. “I know where we can find some, ”he said. “Get the 5 and come on. ”So off they went.
Some time later, they stopped at a hill and there were lilacs all round. The young woman rushed up to the nearest 6 and buried her face in the flowers. Carefully, she 7 some. Finally, they returned to their car for the 8 home. The woman sat smiling, surrounded by her 9 .
When they were near home, she shouted “stop”, got off quickly and 10 to a nearby nursing home. She went to the end of the porch(门廊), where a(n) 11 patient was sitting in her wheelchair, and put the flowers into her lap. The two 12 , bursting into laughter now and then. Later the young woman turned and ran back to her 13 . As the car pulled away, the woman in the wheelchair 14 with a smile, and held the lilacs 15 .
“Mom, ”the kids asked, “ 16 did you give her our flowers? ”“It is Mother’s Day, and she seems so 17 while I have all of you. And anyone would be 18 by flowers. ”
This satisfied the kids, but not the husband. The next day he 19 some young lilacs around their yard.
I was the husband. Now, every May, our yard is full of lilacs. Every Mother’s Day our kids 20 purple lilacs. And every year I remember that smile of the lonely old woman.
1. A. moved
B. worried
C. angry
D. depressed
2. A. learned
B. imagined
C. mentioned
D. realized
3. A now that
B. so that
C. as if
D. even if
4. A. missed
B. grew
C. watered
D. showed
5. A. cars
B. kids
C. clothes
D. lilacs
6. A. bush
B. hill
C. yard
D. door
7. A. bought
B. picked
C. set
D. raised
8. A. break
B. holiday
C. trip
D. dinner
9. A. friends
B. memory
C. flowers
D. honor
10. A. responded
B. pointed
C. drove
D. hurried
11. A. loving
B. elderly
C. serious
D. sensitive
12. A. hesitated
B. waited
C. sat
D. chatted
13. A. family
B. mother
C. path
D. home
14. A. nodded
B. waved
C. left
D. continued
15. A. sadly
B. politely
C. quickly
D. tightly
16. A. why
B. when
C. how
D. where
17. A. quiet
B. confused
C. alone
D. patient
18. A. calmed
B. persuaded
C. disappointed
D. cheered
19. A. arranged
B. dried
C. planted
D. hid
20. A. find
B. gather
C. receive
D. sell
【技法导练】多学一点 棋高一着
完形填空——绝对矛盾法
绝对矛盾法是从选项着手分析, 若四个选项中有两个选项是绝对矛盾和对立的, 那么正确选项大多在这两个对立项之间产生。二者必选其一, 至于究竟是两者中的哪一个, 则需要进一步根据上下文的语境来判断。
题 号 矛盾项 正确选项
1 moved(感动的)
7 raised(养)
18 disappointed(失望的)calmed(平静的)
【语篇随练】多练一点 技高一筹
根据完形填空译文补全经典句式
1. The woman sat,
by her flowers.
女人微笑地坐着, 被花包围着。
2. It is Mother’s Day, and she seems so alone.
今天是母亲节, 她看起来那么孤独, 而我却拥有你们。
Ⅰ. 1. 【解析】选B。句意: 我们不明白, 吉姆作为班上英语最好的学生竟然在翻译这么一个简单的句子上有困难。should表示出乎意料, 意为“竟然”, 符合句意。shall表示命令、许诺等; might可能; must必须, 一定, 非要。
2. 【解析】选B。句意: 根据诺贝尔的遗愿, 和平奖应颁给在国际关系中做得最多或最好的人。shall用在条约、规章、法令等文件中表示义务或规定, 意为“应, 必须”。may也许, 可以; can能, 会; need需要, 必要。
3. 【解析】选B。考查情态动词。句意: 事实证明世界经济的发展不是一个输赢的游戏, 而是一场所有人都可能是赢家的游戏。can能, 会, 可能, 符合句意; shall表允许、命令、规定等; must必须, 一定; will愿意。
4. 【解析】选D。句意: ——你检查发动机了吗? ——是的, 我检查了两次, 这辆车不应该有什么问题。shouldn’t不应该, 符合句意; needn’t不必; mustn’t不准, 不许; won’t不愿意。
5. 【解析】选B。考查情态动词的用法。句意: 尽管你尽力了, 他是不会听吸烟潜在危害的忠告的。在让步状语从句中, 常用may/might, 故选B。
6. 【解析】选B。句意: 三月份我家乡通常很暖和, 但有时也会很冷。can用在肯定句中表示“有时会”的意思。表示理论或事实上的可能性。can表示推测通常用于疑问句或否定句中。
7. 【解析】选A。考查情态动词的用法。句意: ——什么是行李寄存室? ——它是行李在某一段时间内可以存放的地方, 尤其是在公共汽车站或火车站。此处can表允许、许可, 意为: 可以、准许。should应该; must必须; will将, 会, 根据句意, A最佳。
8. 【解析】选B。考查情态动词。如果你非要在工作日时早早离开, 那就悄悄走。其他同事也渴望早点离开呢。must偏要, 非要, 符合句意; can有时会; should应该; may也许。
【加固训练】
—May I make a telephone call now?
—If you , go to the room next door.
A. should B. could
C. may
D. must
【解析】选D。答句句意: 如果你非要打电话, 请去隔壁。must在本句中的意思是“必须, 偏要”。表示说话人不耐烦、不满的情绪。A、B、C三项均无此意义。
9. 【解析】选C。考查情态动词表猜测。句意: ——我哪里都找不到我的钱包。——你也许在购物的时候丢的。may have done对过去的可能性的猜测。can have done多用于疑问句中; would表虚拟; should have done表示本来该做而实际未做。
10. 【解析】选D。句意: ——我答应Shirley生日的时候她会得到一个新的iPad。——那对她一定是个很大的惊喜吧? shall表示许诺, 符合句意。will表示意愿; would是will的过去式; should应该, 竟然。
11. 【解析】选C。will表示说话者或主语的意愿、决心。句意: ——你不在的时候不能让你的车不上锁。——是的, 我不会不锁的。请不要担心太多。其余三项均无此用法。
12. 【解析】选D。考查情态动词表猜测。根据It depends. 可知说话人的语气不肯定, 因此用might表示可能性猜测。can用于问句或否定句中; must表示肯定猜测; shall表示许诺。
13. 【解析】选B。考查情态动词的用法。句意: ——爸爸, 有人打电话找你。——会是谁呢? 已经晚上十点钟了。must必须; shall将会; need需要; can表示推测, 用于疑问句和否定句。
14. 【解析】选A。考查虚拟语气。句意: 要不是因为雾霾天气, 那时北京的交通事故会更少。从Had it not been for the haze weather可知是和过去相反的虚拟条件句, 相当于: if it had not been for the haze weather, 所以主句也是和过去相反的虚拟语气, 用would have done。
15. 【解析】选A。句意: 亨利希望他的女朋友和他在同一个部门工作。would rather后面的从句中的虚拟语气根据情况有两种: 对现在或将来, 用过去时; 对过去用过去完成时。根据does可知是现在, 用过去时表虚拟。
16. 【解析】选C。考查虚拟语气。根据语境可知是对现在情况的假设。因此从句用过去时, be动词用were, 主句用过去将来时would take。
【加固训练】
If it were not for the fact that she can’t sing, I invite her to the party.
A. can B. should
C. would
D. might
【解析】选C。句意: 要不是因为她不会唱歌, 我就邀请她参加聚会了。would在这里表示虚拟, 是与现在的事实相反, 与虚拟条件句连用。
17. 【解析】选A。考查虚拟语气。句意: 如果给你一个十天的假期, 你愿意做什么? 将来时的虚拟语气, 省略if时, 把should提到主语前, 构成倒装。
18. 【解析】选D。考查虚拟语气。句意: 如果没有你, 我在英语演讲比赛中就得不了一等奖。谢谢你, 约翰。根据句意可知, 这是对过去情况的假设, 主句应使用would have done形式。
【拓展延伸】含蓄式虚拟条件句
含蓄式虚拟条件句是非真实条件句的特殊表现形式, 其特点是不使用if引导的条件状语从句明确表示条件, 而用含蓄的方式表达。
