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Unit3 Art and architecture 课时达标检测（必修2，含2024年模拟试题，含答案解析）
Ⅰ.单项填空
1.I can’t stand________with Jane in the same office.She just refuses________talking while she works.
A.working；stoppingB.to work；stopping
C.working；to stop
D.to work；to stop
解析:选C。考查非谓语动词。can’t stand doing ...无法忍受做……；refuse to do拒绝做……。
2.Although he has lived with us for years，he________us much impression.
A.hadn’t left
B.didn’t have
C.doesn’t leave
D.hasn’t left
解析:选D。前半句使用完成时，表明已经跟我们住了好几年。后半句:但基本上没给我们留下什么印象，属于同时发生所以也用完成时态。
3.—I think he is taking an active part in social work.
—I agree with you________.
A.in a way
B.on the way
C.by the way
D.in the way
解析:选A。考查介词短语。in a way＝in one way“在某种程度上”；on the way“在途中”；by the way“顺便说，顺便问一下”；in the way“挡道，碍事”。由题意可知选A。
4.He doesn’t have enough money to buy a house.That’s why he’s going to________a room for himself not far from his office.
A.employ
B.build
C.supply
D.rent
解析:选D。employ 雇佣；使用；build建造；supply供应；rent租用。
5.It was raining heavily.Little Mary felt cold，so she stood________to her mother.
A.close
B.closely
C.closed
D.closing
解析:选A。句意:天下着大雨，小玛丽感到冷，因此她靠近她妈妈站着。close副词“靠近/接近地”；closely“密切地”；closed“封闭的”；closing“关闭的”。由句意可知选A项。
6.(2024·安徽六校教研测试)When I was in danger，a bright idea suddenly ________ to me.
A.happened
B.hit
C.struck
D.occurred
解析:选D。句意:当我处于危险时，突然想出一个妙点子。occur to sb.突然想到(一个主意等)；happen to sb.某事发生在某人身上；如选B或C，需将题干中的设空处后的to去掉。
7.—The English exam is not difficult，is it?
—________，even Tom________to the top students failed in it.
A.Yes；belonged
B.No；belonged
C.Yes；belonging
D.No；belonging
解析:选C。第一空考查对反意疑问句的回答。事实是肯定的用yes，事实是否定的用no，由句意可知此处是肯定的回答，所以用yes。第二空考查非谓语动词作定语，由于Tom与belong之间是主谓关系，所以用动词-ing形式。故选C。
8.The book, mainly________use in colleges，is a best-seller this summer.
A.designed for
B.designed to
C.designing for
D.designing to
解析:选A。be designed for意为“为……所设计”，此处为过去分词短语作定语。the book和design之间是被动关系。
9.—What do you think of the girl?
—She________me as being ordinary but friendly.
A.impressed
B.preferred
C.described
D.accepted
解析:选A。句意:她给我的印象是平凡但对人友好。impress sb.as意为“给人留下……印象”。
10.(2011·高考辽宁卷)________ around the fire，the tourists danced with the local people.
A.Gather
B.To gather
C.Gathering
D.To be gathering
解析:选C。句意:游客们和当地人围着篝火跳起了舞蹈。Gathering around the fire为现在分词短语作状语，补充说明当时人们的情况。由于the tourists和gather之间为逻辑上的主动关系，所以选Gathering。
11.He was lucky in the accident，but his ________ car is under repair.
A.destroyed
B.ruined
C.damaged
D.hurt
解析:选C。damage一般指破坏后可以修复。destroy指彻底破坏，无法修复或很难修复；ruin指毁坏，其使用价值发生变化，与本题语境不符；hurt指身体或精神上的伤害。故正确答案为C项。
12.As is often said, friendship is to humans________water is to fish.
A.like
B.which
C.that
D.what
解析:选D。“A is to B what C is to D”是固定句式。
13.He is very popular among his students as he always tries to make them________in his lectures.
A.interested
B.interesting
C.interest
D.to interest
解析:选A。make sb.done使某人处于某种状态。
14.(2024·河北唐山一模)Families discover that going to see relatives and friends at ________ Spring Festival comes at ________ high price.
A./；the
B.the；a
C./；/
D.the；the
解析:选B。句意:许多家庭发现，春节期间访问亲友花钱很多。与festival连用的表节日的专有名词前要加定冠词；price为可数名词，在本句中表泛指，故与不定冠词连用。
15.(2024·高考山东卷)—Sorry I’m late.I got stuck in traffic.
—________.You’re here now.Come in and sit down.
A.You are welcome
B.That’s right
C.I have no idea
D.Never mind
解析:选D。考查情景交际。句意:——对不起，我来晚了，我遇上了交通阻塞。——没关系。现在你不是来了嘛。进来坐下吧。”由关键信息You’re here now.Come in and sit down.可知对方对“我”的迟到并未在意，有原谅的意思，故选never mind (没关系)，never mind是对别人的道歉表示原谅的答语。you are welcome(别客气)是对别人道谢的答语；that’s right“没错，对了”；I have no idea“我不知道”，这三项均不符合题意。
Ⅱ.完形填空
Once upon a time a peacock(孔雀)and a tortoise(乌龟)became good friends.The peacock lived in a tree on the bank of a river in which the tortoise had his __1__.Every day after the peacock had a drink of water，he __2__ dance near the river and __3__ his beautiful feathers to his friend.
One __4__ day，a hunter caught the peacock and was about to __5__ him away to the market.The unhappy bird __6__ the hunter to allow him to say goodbye to his friend，the tortoise，__7__ it would be the last time he would see him.The hunter __8__ and took him to the tortoise.
The tortoise asked the hunter
to
let
the peacock __9__，but the hunter laughed at the request，__10__ that was his means of livelihood(生活).Then the tortoise said，“If I give you a beautiful present，will you let my friend go？”
“__11__，”answered the hunter，“that is all I want.”
The tortoise __12__ into the water and in a few seconds he came up with a beautiful pearl.To the hunter’s great astonishment，he handed it to him.This was __13__ the hunter’s expectation，and he freed the peacock immediately.
A short time later，the bad hunter __14__ and told the tortoise that he thought he had not __15__ enough for the release of his friend，and __16__ that，unless a pearl which is similar to that one was offered to him，he would catch the peacock again.The tortoise，who had already advised his friend to __17__ himself in a distant place，was greatly __18__ with the greedy man.“Well，”said the tortoise，“if you __19__ having another pearl like this one，give it to me and I will find you a(an) __20__ match of it.”
The hunter gave the pearl to the tortoise quickly.Then the tortoise replied，“I can’t find another one and give you two！”
He disappeared into the river，leaving the hunter sorry for being so greedy.
1.A.home
B.pearl
C.tree
D.friend
解析:选A。根据下文的故事可知，小河是乌龟的“家”。
2.A.could
B.should
C.would
D.must
解析:选C。would表示过去习惯性动作，这里指孔雀每天喝完水就展开美丽的羽毛跳舞。
3.A.hide
B.show
C.gather
D.wear
解析:选B。根据常识可知孔雀跳舞时是展开羽毛的，此处意为“他向朋友展示他美丽的羽毛”。
4.A.ordinary
B.unfortunate
C.unhealthy
D.unknown
解析:选B。根据下文一个猎人将孔雀抓住，所以是倒霉的一天。
5.A.give
B.turn
C.move
D.take
解析:选D。根据后面的“market”可知，猎人要将孔雀带走。
6.A.ordered
B.suggested
C.begged
D.told
解析:选C。对于弱小的孔雀来说应该是祈求猎人，不可能命令猎人。
7.A.if
B.before
C.until
D.as
解析:选D。根据上下文可知，as在句中表示原因。
8.A.refused
B.agreed
C.promised
D.received
解析:选B。根据下文took him to the tortoise可知，猎人答应了孔雀见乌龟最后一面的要求。
9.A.go
B.fly
C.dance
D.stay
解析:选A。根据该段的最后will you let my friend go可知道答案。let someone go为固定短语“放过某人”。
10.A.referring
B.pointing
C.showing
D.saying
解析:选D。根据空格后的that was his means of livelihood可知是猎人说的话，所以用saying。
11.A.Clearly
B.Carefully
C.Certainly
D.Quickly
解析:选C。根据猎人的回答可知，猎人同意乌龟提出的交换条件，所以用certainly，意思为“当然、一定”。
12.A.flied
B.dived
C.fell
D.ran
解析:选B。根据选项中的动词结合乌龟的动作可知用dive，表示“潜入水中”。
13.A.with
B.below
C.among
D.beyond
解析:选D。根据后句he freed the peacock immediately可知，乌龟给猎人的珍珠大大出乎他的期望，所以用beyond。
14.A.came back
B.came up
C.came out
D.came across
解析:选A。根据下文可知猎人又回到乌龟的住处。
15.A.paid
B.awarded
C.fed
D.praised
解析:选A。根据下文猎人所说的话可知，他认为上次得到的太少，不够作为放过孔雀的酬劳，所以答案为paid。
16.A.noticed
B.watched
C.threatened
D.feared
解析:选C。根据后句unless a pearl which is similar to that one was offered to him，he would catch the peacock again.可知猎人在威胁。
17.A.stay
B.hide
C.show
D.live
解析:选B。与himself的搭配只有用hide，而且符合语境。
18.A.angry
B.happy
C.sorry
D.lucky
解析:选A。根据文章的结尾可知乌龟没有答应猎人的要求，可推测乌龟对猎人的贪婪不满。
19.A.go on
B.keep on
C.insist on
D.move on
解析:选C。insist on表示“坚持做某事”，go on，keep on，move on都表示“继续做某事”，根据猎人的威胁应为坚持自己的要求。
20.A.excellent
B.correct
C.strict
D.exact
解析:选D。根据乌龟将原先的珍珠要回，可知是为了让猎人相信他会去找一个和原来的一模一样的珍珠。exact match意思为“一模一样，完全吻合”。
Ⅲ.阅读理解
(2024·厦门质量检查)Experts say that agriculture provides fourteen percent of the world’s greenhouse gas emissions each year.The gases released include carbon dioxide，a major cause of global warming.
Twenty-one nations around the world recently joined forces to better understand and prevent greenhouse gas emissions from farms.The Global Research Alliance on Agricultural Greenhouse Gases was launched at the United Nations conference on climate change.The meeting took place in Copenhagen，Denmark last month.
Agricultural experts blame a number of farm activities for producing greenhouse gases.For example，animal waste and cattle digestive systems release methane (甲烷，沼气) gas.Fertilized soil and the burning of crop waste also release harmful gases into the air.Experts say some methods of farming—turning the soil to prepare for planting—also release harmful carbon dioxide.
An official of the European Commission’s Directorate General for Research says agricultural greenhouse gas emissions can be cut.Maive Rute suggests feeding animals a diet designed to reduce emissions.
The new agricultural research group says protecting against global warming is only part of its purpose.It says the world also needs to develop better farming methods to feed growing populations in poor countries.
United States Agriculture Secretary Tom Vilsack said no one single nation can fight agricultural greenhouse gas emissions and increase food production at the same time.This is why the alliance is important for combining resources and finding new ones.
The United States Department of Agriculture will increase spending on farm emissions research by ninety million dollars over the next four years.The total will reach one hundred and thirty million dollars.The USDA will share the research with other countries in the Global Research Alliance on Agricultural Greenhouse Gases and support researchers from developing countries that belong to the alliance.Money from the Borlaug Fellowship Program will let the researchers study agricultural climate change with American scientists.
Mister Vilsack said that just as climate change has no borders，there should be no borders for research.
1. In Paragraph 4, Maive Rute recommends________.
A.increasing food production
B.changing cattle digestive systems
C.developing better farming methods
D.giving animals the food meant to produce fewer emissions
解析:选D。细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句可知Maive Rute建议给动物喂特制的食物以减少温室气体的排放。
2.The underlined word “alliance” in Paragraph 6 probably means
________.
A.action or state being joined together
B.an agreement signed between countries
C.a program or project set up for a research
D.an organization formed for different goals
解析:选A。词义猜测题。根据第六段可知没有一个国家能仅靠自己同时去解决温室气体排放和粮食增产的问题，因此，需要国与国之间的联合，A项符合此意。
3.How much has the USDA spent on farm emissions research so far?
A.130 million dollars.B.220 million dollars.
C.40 million dollars.
D.90 million dollars.
解析:选C。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“increase...by ninety
million dollars和The total will reach one hundred and thirty million dollars”可知，迄今为止花费在气体排放研究上的费用是40 million dollars。
4.The purpose of the passage is to________.
